Grammar parses for passage 4.31.6
Open translation for this passage
Μεσσηνίοις δὲ ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ Διός ἐστιν ἄγαλμα Σωτῆρος καὶ Ἀρσινόη κρήνη·
Existential/copy-like ἐστιν links two coordinated nominative nouns; Μεσσηνίοις and ἐν τῇ ἀγορᾷ are dative/locative dependents, while the genitives Διός and Σωτῆρος modify ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/beneficiary with ἐστιν; proper-name ethnicity. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 7 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἀγορᾷ | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγορᾷ | det | high | Article modifying ἀγορᾷ. |
| 5 | ἀγορᾷ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent of ἐστιν. |
| 6 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 7 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate head. |
| 8 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἐστιν. |
| 9 | Σωτῆρος | Σωτήρ | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα, though semantics are somewhat elliptical. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 κρήνη | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀρσινόη with preceding genitive phrase context. |
| 11 | Ἀρσινόη | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 κρήνη | conj | medium | Proper name; likely part of a coordinated nominal phrase, though case is ambiguous in this isolated context. |
| 12 | κρήνη | κρήνη | NOUN | N-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated nominative predicate/subject with ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὸ μὲν δὴ ὄνομα ἀπὸ τῆς Λευκίππου θυγατρὸς εἴληφεν, ὑπορρεῖ δὲ ἐς αὐτὴν ὕδωρ ἐκ πηγῆς καλουμένης Κλεψύδρας.
Two coordinated clauses each centered on a finite verb; ὕδωρ is taken as the main object of ὑπορρεῖ, though the construction is somewhat loose.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 ὄνομα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 ὄνομα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 εἴληφεν | obj | high | Direct object of εἴληφεν. |
| 5 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _r | _ | 8 θυγατρὸς | case | high | Introduces genitive phrase. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 θυγατρὸς | det | high | Article with θυγατρός. |
| 7 | Λευκίππου | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θυγατρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of θυγατρός. |
| 8 | θυγατρὸς | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπὸ | obj | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 9 | εἴληφεν | λαμβάνω | VERB | v3sria--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἴληφεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ὑπορρεῖ | ὑπορρέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | d-------- | _ | 11 ὑπορρεῖ | discourse | high | Mild connective particle. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _r | _ | 11 ὑπορρεῖ | obl | high | Prepositional phrase headed by ὑπορρεῖ. |
| 14 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 ἐς | obl | medium | Object of ἐς; refers to implied place. |
| 15 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὑπορρεῖ | obj | high | Subject-like accusative after source construction is unlikely; analyzed as object of ὑπορρεῖ. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _r | _ | 11 ὑπορρεῖ | obl | high | Preposition introducing source. |
| 17 | πηγῆς | πηγή | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκ | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 18 | καλουμένης | καλέω | VERB | v-spppfg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 πηγῆς | acl | high | Participle modifying πηγῆς. |
| 19 | Κλεψύδρας | Κλεψύδρα | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 καλουμένης | obj | high | Name governed by καλουμένης. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ὑπορρεῖ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ οὗ μάλιστα ἄξιον ποιήσασθαι μνήμην, ἄγαλμα Μητρὸς θεῶν λίθου Παρίου, Δαμοφῶντος δὲ ἔργον, ὃς καὶ τὸν Δία ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ διεστηκότος ἤδη τοῦ ἐλέφαντος συνήρμοσεν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον·
The clause begins with an elliptical evaluative construction (ἄξιον ποιήσασθαι μνήμην) followed by appositional noun phrases and a relative clause; the genitive absolute at διεστηκότος τοῦ ἐλέφαντος is the main syntactic difficulty.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἄξιον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction introducing the clause. |
| 2 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | Pp-sp--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 4 ἄξιον | nsubj | medium | Likely relative pronoun governed by ἄξιον; genitive attracted by οὗ. |
| 3 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | Df | _ | 4 ἄξιον | advmod | high | Modifies ἄξιον. |
| 4 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective with infinitive ποιήσασθαι. |
| 5 | ποιήσασθαι | ποιέω | VERB | V--aam--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 ἄξιον | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive dependent on ἄξιον. |
| 6 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ποιήσασθαι | obj | high | Object of ποιήσασθαι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄξιον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄξιον | appos | medium | Appositive/explanatory nominal to the preceding content. |
| 9 | Μητρὸς | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 10 | θεῶν | θεός | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Μητρὸς | nmod | high | Dependent genitive within the title 'Mother of the gods'. |
| 11 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Material genitive. |
| 12 | Παρίου | Πάριος | ADJ | A-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λίθου | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying λίθου. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | Δαμοφῶντος | Δαμοφῶν | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/author. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 16 ἔργον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 16 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμα | appos | medium | Appositive to ἄγαλμα. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔργον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 28 συνήρμοσεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of συνήρμοσεν. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 28 συνήρμοσεν | cc | high | Connects coordinated verb phrase semantics. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Δία | det | high | Article with Δία. |
| 21 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 συνήρμοσεν | obj | high | Direct object of συνήρμοσεν. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 23 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 συνήρμοσεν | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent on συνήρμοσεν. |
| 24 | διεστηκότος | διίστημι | VERB | V--xpapmg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 συνήρμοσεν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute with ἐλέφαντος; exact syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 25 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | Df | _ | 28 συνήρμοσεν | advmod | high | Modifies συνήρμοσεν. |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ἐλέφαντος | det | high | Article with ἐλέφαντος. |
| 27 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 διεστηκότος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute participle. |
| 28 | συνήρμοσεν | συναρμόζω | VERB | V-aaia-3s- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 ἔργον | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ἔργον. |
| 29 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 ἀκριβέστατον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 30 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 31 ἀκριβέστατον | det | high | Article with ἀκριβέστατον. |
| 31 | ἀκριβέστατον | ἀκριβής | ADJ | A-s---nas | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 συνήρμοσεν | obl | high | Goal/result phrase with εἰς. |
| 32 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 συνήρμοσεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καί οἱ δεδομέναι τιμαὶ παρὰ Ἠλείων εἰσί.
Simple copular clause with participial modifier and a prepositional genitive phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 εἰσί | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction introducing the clause. |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 4 τιμαὶ | det | high | Article agreeing with τιμαί. |
| 3 | δεδομέναι | δίδωμι | VERB | -r-p---fn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|Tense=Perfect|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Middle | 4 τιμαὶ | amod | high | Perfect middle/passive participle used attributively. |
| 4 | τιμαὶ | τιμή | NOUN | n-p---fn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 7 εἰσί | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσί. |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 6 Ἠλείων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 6 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 τιμαὶ | nmod | high | Genitive complement of παρὰ. |
| 7 | εἰσί | εἰμί | AUX | v3ppia--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate; likely root of the clause. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 εἰσί | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |