Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.34.1

Sentence 1

4.34.1 sentence 1

Tokens: 33
Input: 877
Output: 2,271
Total: 3,148

ἐκ δὲ Μεσσήνης ὑπὸ τοῦ Παμίσου τὸ στόμα ὁδὸς μὲν σταδίων ἐστὶν ὀγδοήκοντα, ῥεῖ δὲ ὁ Πάμισος διά τε ἀρουμένης καὶ καθαρὸς καὶ ἀναπλεῖται ναυσὶν ἐκ θαλάσσης ἐπὶ δέκα που σταδίους·

Two coordinated clauses: the road distance from Messene to the mouth of the Pamisus is eighty stadia; the river flows through cultivated land, is clear, and is navigable upstream from the sea for about ten stadia. The participle ἀρουμένης is construed substantivally or elliptically with γῆς after διά; που is an approximative particle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	9 ὁδὸς	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	9 ὁδὸς	cc	high
3	Μεσσήνης	Μεσσήνη	PROPN	N-P---GS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ὁδὸς	obl	high
4	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	6 Παμίσου	case	high
5	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Παμίσου	det	high
6	Παμίσου	Πάμισος	PROPN	N-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 στόμα	nmod	high	With ὑπό, identifying the river at whose mouth.
7	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L-S---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 στόμα	det	high
8	στόμα	στόμα	NOUN	N-S---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 ὁδὸς	obl	high	Accusative location/direction: to the river mouth.
9	ὁδὸς	ὁδός	NOUN	N-S---FN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high
10	μὲν	μέν	PART	D	_	9 ὁδὸς	discourse	high	Sets up contrast with the following river clause.
11	σταδίων	στάδιον	NOUN	N-P---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ὀγδοήκοντα	nmod	high	Measure genitive with ὀγδοήκοντα.
12	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V3SPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular predicate; ὁδός is subject.
13	ὀγδοήκοντα	ὀγδοήκοντα	NUM	M----NA-	NumType=Card	9 ὁδὸς	nummod	high	Cardinal numeral, functioning as the measure predicate.
14	,	,	PUNCT	U	_	12 ἐστὶν	punct	high
15	ῥεῖ	ῥέω	VERB	V3SPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	12 ἐστὶν	conj	high	Coordinated finite clause.
16	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	15 ῥεῖ	cc	high
17	ὁ	ὁ	DET	L-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 Πάμισος	det	high
18	Πάμισος	Πάμισος	PROPN	N-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ῥεῖ	nsubj	high
19	διά	διά	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	21 ἀρουμένης	case	high
20	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	21 ἀρουμένης	cc	high	Postpositive coordinator linking the prepositional phrase to καθαρός.
21	ἀρουμένης	ἀρόω	VERB	V-PMPGFS-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	15 ῥεῖ	obl	medium	Substantival/elliptical genitive participle after διά, probably with γῆς understood: cultivated land.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	23 καθαρὸς	cc	high
23	καθαρὸς	καθαρός	ADJ	A-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ῥεῖ	conj	high	Predicate adjective coordinated with ῥεῖ.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	25 ἀναπλεῖται	cc	high
25	ἀναπλεῖται	ἀναπλέω	VERB	V3SPI主---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	15 ῥεῖ	conj	medium	Middle/passive-form verb, likely middle in sense ‘is navigated upstream’; parser morphology is uncertain.
26	ναυσὶν	ναῦς	NOUN	N-P---FD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	25 ἀναπλεῖται	obl	high	Instrumental/means dative: by ships.
27	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	28 θαλάσσης	case	high
28	θαλάσσης	θάλασσα	NOUN	N-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἀναπλεῖται	obl	high	Point of departure/source.
29	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	32 σταδίους	case	high	With accusative, expressing extent.
30	δέκα	δέκα	NUM	M----NA-	NumType=Card	32 σταδίους	nummod	high
31	που	πού	PART	D	_	30 δέκα	advmod	high	Approximative particle, ‘about’.
32	σταδίους	στάδιον	NOUN	N-P---MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	25 ἀναπλεῖται	obl	high	Extent phrase with ἐπί.
33	·	·	PUNCT	U	_	15 ῥεῖ	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.34.1 sentence 2

Tokens: 15
Input: 696
Output: 1,099
Total: 1,795

ἀναθέουσι δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ οἱ θαλάσσιοι τῶν ἰχθύων περὶ ὥραν μάλιστα τοῦ ἦρος.

The subject is οἱ θαλάσσιοι τῶν ἰχθύων, understood as “the marine fish”; ἐς αὐτόν is directional, and περὶ ὥραν ... τοῦ ἦρος is an approximate temporal phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀναθέουσι	ἀναθέω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀναθέουσι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	4 αὐτὸν	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
4	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASM3S	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	1 ἀναθέουσι	obl	high	Directional complement with ἐς; antecedent is an implied/previously mentioned entity.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	7 θαλάσσιοι	cc	high	Coordinates the subject phrase with an omitted/implicit prior subject.
6	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 θαλάσσιοι	det	high
7	θαλάσσιοι	θαλάσσιος	ADJ	A-NPM	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἀναθέουσι	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective, “the marine [ones/fish].”
8	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ἰχθύων	det	high
9	ἰχθύων	ἰχθύς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 θαλάσσιοι	nmod	high	Genitive specifies the substantivized θαλάσσιοι.
10	περὶ	περί	ADP	PREP	_	11 ὥραν	case	high	Temporal περί with accusative.
11	ὥραν	ὥρα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀναθέουσι	obl	high	Approximate temporal accusative phrase.
12	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV-SUP	Degree=Sup	11 ὥραν	advmod	high	Modifies the temporal phrase.
13	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ἦρος	det	high
14	ἦρος	ἔαρ	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 ὥραν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ὥραν: time of spring.
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀναθέουσι	punct	high

Passage 4.34.1