Grammar parses for passage 4.34.12
Open translation for this passage
σταδίων δὲ τεσσαράκοντά ἐστιν ἐκ Κολωνίδων ἐς αὐτὴν ὁδός, τοσαύτη δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίνης πρὸς τὸν Ἀκρίταν καλούμενον.
The syntax is elliptical and appositional: ὁδός is the main nominal subject, with repeated source phrases and a participial name phrase modifying Ἀκρίταν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | σταδίων | στάδιον | NOUN | N-P---GN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Genitive of measure with ἐστιν; could be construed as genitive of extent. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P------------ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τεσσαράκοντά | τεσσεράκοντα | NUM | N- | NumType=Card | 4 ἐστιν | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular existential clause. |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 6 Κολωνίδων | case | high | Introduces source. |
| 6 | Κολωνίδων | Κολωνίδες | PROPN | Ne-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | Place name in genitive after ἐκ. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 9 ὁδός | case | high | Directional preposition. |
| 8 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3sf---a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ὁδός | det | medium | Likely modifies ὁδός ('to it/the place'), though the antecedent is context-dependent. |
| 9 | ὁδός | ὁδός | NOUN | N-SF---N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἐστιν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τοσαύτη | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-NSF---a- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὁδός | amod | medium | Predicate adjective agreeing with ὁδός or resumptive/elliptical with the preceding measure. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P------------ | _ | 11 τοσαύτη | discourse | high | Connective. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 11 τοσαύτη | cc | high | Additive conjunction. |
| 14 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 16 Ἀσίνης | case | high | Introduces source. |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 Ἀσίνης | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | Ἀσίνης | Ἀσίνη | PROPN | Ne-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τοσαύτη | obl | high | Second source phrase with ἐκ. |
| 17 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 19 Ἀκρίταν | case | high | Introduces direction/goal. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀκρίταν | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | Ἀκρίταν | Ἀκρίτας | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 καλούμενον | obj | medium | Likely object of καλούμενον ('called Acritas'), with πρὸς marking the name phrase. |
| 20 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM/P-AN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ὁδός | acl | high | Participial modifier agreeing with Ἀκρίταν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀνέχει δὲ ἐς θάλασσαν ὁ Ἀκρίτας, καὶ νῆσος Θηγανοῦσσά ἐστιν ἔρημος πρὸ αὐτοῦ·
Two coordinated clauses: the first with ἀνέχει and subject ὁ Ἀκρίτας, the second with ἐστιν and subject νῆσος Θηγανοῦσσα; ἔρημος is predicate adjective, and πρὸ αὐτοῦ expresses location relative to the island.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνέχει | ἀνέχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἀνέχει | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 θάλασσαν | case | high | Preposition governing θάλασσαν. |
| 4 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνέχει | obl | high | Goal/direction complement of ἀνέχει. |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ἀκρίτας | det | high | Article with subject. |
| 6 | Ἀκρίτας | Ἀκρίτας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνέχει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέχει. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνέχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἐστιν | cc | high | Coordinator for second clause. |
| 9 | νῆσος | νῆσος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 10 | Θηγανοῦσσά | Θηγανοῦσσα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νῆσος | appos | medium | Proper name apposed to νῆσος; accent/spelling in token suggests name. |
| 11 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 ἀνέχει | conj | high | Finite verb of second clause coordinated with first. |
| 12 | ἔρημος | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νῆσος | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with νῆσος. |
| 13 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | _ | _ | 14 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτοῦ. |
| 14 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 ἔρημος | obl | medium | Genitive complement of πρὸ; refers back to the island/landmark. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνέχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ἀκρίταν λιμήν τε Φοινικοῦς καὶ νῆσοι κατʼ αὐτὸν Οἰνοῦσσαι.
The syntax is elliptical and list-like: λιμήν appears as the coordination head, with νῆσοι and the place names added in appositional or conjunct fashion.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 5 λιμήν | case | high | Preposition governing the following accusative phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 λιμήν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 λιμήν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀκρίταν. |
| 4 | Ἀκρίταν | Ἀκρίτας | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λιμήν | amod | low | Likely proper name in apposition/attributive use with λιμήν; exact proper-noun status uncertain. |
| 5 | λιμήν | λιμήν | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main noun of the first noun phrase after μετά. |
| 6 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 5 λιμήν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective coordinating the listed items. |
| 7 | Φοινικοῦς | Φοινικοῦς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 λιμήν | nmod | medium | Likely dependent genitive modifying λιμήν; form and function somewhat uncertain. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 νῆσοι | cc | high | Coordinator linking the second listed element. |
| 9 | νῆσοι | νῆσος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 λιμήν | conj | high | Conjunct to λιμήν in the coordinated list. |
| 10 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 9 νῆσοι | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτόν. |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 Οἰνοῦσσαι | det | medium | Likely modifies Οἰνοῦσσαι in the phrase κατʼ αὐτόν; syntactic attachment uncertain. |
| 12 | Οἰνοῦσσαι | Οἰνοῦσσαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 νῆσοι | appos | medium | Likely appositional naming of the islands; nominative plural form in a list. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λιμήν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |