Grammar parses for passage 4.34.9
Open translation for this passage
Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς Λυκωρίταις ὅμοροι περὶ τὸν Παρνασσὸν ᾤκουν·
The clause is straightforward overall; the main ambiguity is the syntactic status of τὸ μὲν and the predicative adjective ὅμοροι with its dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀσιναῖοι | Ἀσιναῖος | PROPN | N-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ᾤκουν | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾤκουν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 12 ᾤκουν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSR- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ᾤκουν | dislocated | medium | Correlative article introducing the μέν phrase; syntactic link is somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 3 τὸ | discourse | high | Correlative particle with τὸ. |
| 5 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R- | _ | 6 ἀρχῆς | case | high | Governed by ἀρχῆς. |
| 6 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-SF-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ᾤκουν | obl | high | Temporal/locative genitive phrase modifying ᾤκουν. |
| 7 | Λυκωρίταις | Λυκωρίτης | PROPN | N-P---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ὅμοροι | obl | high | Dative complement of ὅμοροι. |
| 8 | ὅμοροι | ὅμορος | ADJ | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ᾤκουν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective; likely coordinated/appositional to the subject and controlling the dative Λυκωρίταις. |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R- | _ | 11 Παρνασσὸν | case | high | Takes accusative here. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-AMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Παρνασσὸν | det | high | Determiner of Παρνασσὸν. |
| 11 | Παρνασσὸν | Παρνασσός | PROPN | N-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ᾤκουν | obl | high | Prepositional complement of περὶ. |
| 12 | ᾤκουν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ᾤκουν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὄνομα δὲ ἦν αὐτοῖς, ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐς Πελοπόννησον διεσώσαντο, ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Δρύοπες.
The clause ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐς Πελοπόννησον διεσώσαντο is a relative clause modifying ὄνομα; the final Δρύοπες is syntactically elliptical and likely appositive/predicative to the name.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominative with ἦν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 3 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 4 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | p-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ἦν | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/association. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | r-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 διεσώσαντο | obj | medium | Relative object of διεσώσαντο. |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 6 ὃ | advmod | high | Discourse particle modifying relative clause. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 11 διεσώσαντο | advmod | medium | Emphatic/additive particle with the verb. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | r-------- | _ | 10 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Preposition governing Πελοπόννησον. |
| 10 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 διεσώσαντο | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 11 | διεσώσαντο | διασῴζω | VERB | v3paim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 1 ὄνομα | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ὄνομα. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὄνομα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 15 οἰκιστοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 οἰκιστοῦ | det | high | Article modifying οἰκιστοῦ. |
| 15 | οἰκιστοῦ | οἰκιστής | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Δρύοπες | nmod | medium | Genitive complement of ἀπό; likely source/origin. |
| 16 | Δρύοπες | Δρύοψ | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦν | xcomp | low | Likely appositive/predicative naming; syntax is elliptical and uncertain. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
γενεᾷ δὲ ὕστερον τρίτῃ βασιλεύοντος Φύλαντος μάχῃ τε οἱ Δρύοπες ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ἐκρατήθησαν καὶ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἀνάθημα ἤχθησαν ἐς Δελφούς·
The first clause contains a genitive absolute (βασιλεύοντος Φύλαντος) with an additional dative expression μάχῃ τε; the second clause is coordinated with καί and has a compressed passive construction with ἀνάθημα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενεᾷ | γενεά | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | obl | high | Dative of time. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 4 | τρίτῃ | τρίτος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γενεᾷ | amod | high | Modifies γενεᾷ. |
| 5 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAPGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 6 | Φύλαντος | Φύλαντος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 βασιλεύοντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 7 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | obl | medium | Likely dative of manner/instrument or attendant circumstance. |
| 8 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 7 μάχῃ | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective. |
| 9 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Δρύοπες | det | high | Article with ethnicon. |
| 10 | Δρύοπες | Δρύοπες | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκρατήθησαν. |
| 11 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | Marks agent. |
| 12 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | obl | high | Agent phrase with passive verb. |
| 13 | ἐκρατήθησαν | κρατέω | VERB | V-AIP-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἤχθησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicate. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ἀπόλλωνι | det | high | Article with dative noun. |
| 16 | Ἀπόλλωνι | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἤχθησαν | obl | high | Indirect object / recipient. |
| 17 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἤχθησαν | obj | medium | Likely subject/predicate nominal with passive ἤχθησαν; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 18 | ἤχθησαν | ἄγω | VERB | V-AIP-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Δελφούς | case | high | Preposition governing destination. |
| 20 | Δελφούς | Δελφοί | PROPN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἤχθησαν | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐκρατήθησαν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἀναχθέντες δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον χρήσαντος Ἡρακλεῖ τοῦ θεοῦ πρῶτα μὲν τὴν πρὸς Ἑρμιόνι Ἀσίνην ἔσχον, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἐκπεσόντες ὑπὸ Ἀργείων οἰκοῦσιν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ, Λακεδαιμονίων δόντων καὶ ὡς ἀνὰ χρόνον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι κατήχθησαν οὐ γενομένης σφίσιν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναστάτου τῆς πόλεως.
Several genitive absolutes are stacked; the clause ὡς ἀνὰ χρόνον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι κατήχθησαν is attached to the main passive verb, with the final οὐ γενομένης σφίσιν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναστάτου τῆς πόλεως treated as another genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναχθέντες | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 ἔσχον | advcl | high | Aorist passive participle, circumstantial. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἔσχον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | Governed by Πελοπόννησον. |
| 4 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀναχθέντες | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 5 | χρήσαντος | χράω | VERB | V-APP-SGM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἔσχον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Ἡρακλεῖ τοῦ θεοῦ. |
| 6 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 χρήσαντος | obl | medium | Dative complement of χράω/χράομαι in sense 'consulting/oracularly using'. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θεοῦ | det | high | Article. |
| 8 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἡρακλεῖ | appos | medium | Likely appositive/genitive identification with Ἡρακλεῖ. |
| 9 | πρῶτα | πρῶτον | ADV | _ | _ | 15 ἔσχον | advmod | high | Adverbial 'first'. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 9 πρῶτα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀσίνην | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 14 Ἀσίνην | case | high | Preposition. |
| 13 | Ἑρμιόνι | Ἑρμιόνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀσίνην | nmod | medium | Probably dependent on Ἀσίνην; sense 'toward Hermione'. |
| 14 | Ἀσίνην | Ἀσίνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἔσχον | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχον. |
| 15 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔσχον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἐκεῖθεν | ἐκεῖθεν | ADV | _ | _ | 19 ἐκπεσόντες | advmod | high | Adverb of place. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 19 ἐκπεσόντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 19 | ἐκπεσόντες | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 κατήχθησαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 21 Ἀργείων | case | high | Agentive preposition. |
| 21 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐκπεσόντες | obl | high | Agent in genitive with ὑπό. |
| 22 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Aspect=Pres|Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 κατήχθησαν | advcl | medium | Likely present participle agreeing with implicit subject; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 23 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 25 Μεσσηνίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 Μεσσηνίᾳ | det | high | Article. |
| 25 | Μεσσηνίᾳ | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | high | Locative complement. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 κατήχθησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 27 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 δόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 28 | δόντων | δίδωμι | VERB | V-APP-GPM | Aspect=Aor|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 κατήχθησαν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 30 ὡς | cc | high | Connective. |
| 30 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 35 κατήχθησαν | mark | high | Subordinating particle introducing temporal/clausal relation. |
| 31 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | _ | _ | 32 χρόνον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 32 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 κατήχθησαν | obl | high | Temporal oblique with ἀνά. |
| 33 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | Article. |
| 34 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 κατήχθησαν | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective = the Messenians. |
| 35 | κατήχθησαν | κατάγω | VERB | V-AIP-3P | Aspect=Aor|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second clause. |
| 36 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 35 κατήχθησαν | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 37 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-APP-SGF | Aspect=Aor|Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 35 κατήχθησαν | advcl | high | Part of genitive absolute. |
| 38 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 37 γενομένης | iobj | medium | Dative with γενομένης: 'for them'. |
| 39 | ὑπʼ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 40 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 40 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 37 γενομένης | obl | high | Agent with ὑπό. |
| 41 | ἀναστάτου | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 πόλεως | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying πόλεως. |
| 42 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 πόλεως | det | high | Article. |
| 43 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 γενομένης | nsubj | medium | Genitive absolute subject in the phrase τῆς πόλεως. |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 κατήχθησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |