Grammar parses for passage 4.34.8
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθα οὐ Μεσσήνιοί φασιν εἶναι, ἀλλὰ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἀγαγεῖν σφᾶς Κόλαινον λέγουσι, Κολαίνῳ δὲ κόρυδον τὴν ὄρνιθα ἐκ μαντεύματος ἐς τὴν ἀποικίαν ἡγήσασθαι.
The sentence has two coordinated reporting verbs (φασιν, λέγουσι), with the final infinitival clause ἡγήσασθαι containing multiple complements; Ἀττικῆς is treated conservatively as oblique to ἀγαγεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---MN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Μεσσήνιοί | nsubj | high | Articular subject of φασιν with omitted noun/correlative sense. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 Μεσσήνιοί | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 Μεσσήνιοί | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of the statement. |
| 4 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 Μεσσήνιοί | advmod | high | Negates Μεσσήνιοί. |
| 5 | Μεσσήνιοί | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A-PMN-N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 φασιν | nsubj | high | Predicate adjective used substantivally with φασιν. |
| 6 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement of φασιν. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 16 λέγουσι | cc | high | Coordinating adversative conjunction. |
| 10 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ἀττικῆς | case | high | Preposition governing τῆς Ἀττικῆς. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---FG-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἀττικῆς | det | high | Article modifying Ἀττικῆς. |
| 12 | Ἀττικῆς | Ἀττική | PROPN | Npfs--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀγαγεῖν | obl | medium | Likely source phrase with ἀγαγεῖν; could be attached as oblique to the infinitive. |
| 13 | ἀγαγεῖν | ἄγω | VERB | V--ANA--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Complement of λέγουσι. |
| 14 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---AN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀγαγεῖν | obj | high | Direct object of ἀγαγεῖν. |
| 15 | Κόλαινον | Κόλαινος | PROPN | Npms--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀγαγεῖν | obj | high | Appositional/object complement with ἀγαγεῖν. |
| 16 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 φασιν | conj | high | Second coordinated reporting verb. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | Κολαίνῳ | Κόλαινος | PROPN | Npms--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγήσασθαι | obl | medium | Dative of reference/association with ἡγήσασθαι. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 28 ἡγήσασθαι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | κόρυδον | κόρυδος | NOUN | N-S---AN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγήσασθαι | obj | high | Object/content of ἡγήσασθαι. |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---FA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ὄρνιθα | det | high | Article modifying ὄρνιθα. |
| 22 | ὄρνιθα | ὄρνις | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 κόρυδον | appos | high | Apposition to κόρυδον. |
| 23 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 24 μαντεύματος | case | high | Preposition governing μαντεύματος. |
| 24 | μαντεύματος | μάντευμα | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγήσασθαι | obl | high | Source/cause phrase modifying ἡγήσασθαι. |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 ἀποικίαν | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν ἀποικίαν. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---FA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ἀποικίαν | det | high | Article modifying ἀποικίαν. |
| 27 | ἀποικίαν | ἀποικία | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγήσασθαι | obl | high | Goal/location phrase with ἐς. |
| 28 | ἡγήσασθαι | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V--ANM--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσι; governs its objects/obliques. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φασιν | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
ἔμελλον δὲ ἄρα διάλεκτόν τε ἀνὰ χρόνον καὶ ἔθη μεταμαθήσεσθαι τὰ Δωριέων.
Main clause with future infinitive complement; coordination links διάλεκτον and ἔθη under μεταμαθήσεσθαι, and the genitive phrase τὰ Δωριέων is semantically attached to the second object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔμελλον | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; Pausanias-style first-person narrator use, though plural form here is possible with context. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 1 ἔμελλον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | PCL | _ | 1 ἔμελλον | discourse | high | Inferential/confirmative particle. |
| 4 | διάλεκτόν | διάλεκτος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μεταμαθήσεσθαι | obj | high | Object of the future infinitive. |
| 5 | τε | τε | PART | PCL | _ | 4 διάλεκτόν | cc | high | Enclitic connective particle linking coordinated objects. |
| 6 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R | _ | 7 χρόνον | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 7 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μεταμαθήσεσθαι | obl | high | Adverbial temporal phrase with ἀνά. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 τε | cc | high | Coordinates the second object with the first. |
| 9 | ἔθη | ἔθος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 μεταμαθήσεσθαι | obj | high | Second coordinated object. |
| 10 | μεταμαθήσεσθαι | μεταμανθάνω | VERB | V-FMN | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 ἔμελλον | xcomp | high | Future middle infinitive dependent on ἔμελλον. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 Δωριέων | det | high | Article modifying the genitive phrase as substantivized/partitive-like. |
| 12 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-PGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μεταμαθήσεσθαι | nmod | medium | Genitive complement of the object phrase; construction somewhat loose, likely 'the Dorian [things/customs].' |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔμελλον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
κεῖται δὲ τὸ πόλισμα αἱ Κολωνίδες ἐπὶ ὑψηλοῦ, μικρὸν ἀπὸ θαλάσσης.
The clause has a straightforward copular-locative structure, but Κολωνίδες is syntactically ambiguous and may be an appositive/explanatory nominative rather than a second subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb of existence/location, treated as root. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 πόλισμα | det | high | Article modifying πόλισμα. |
| 4 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of κεῖται. |
| 5 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Κολωνίδες | det | high | Article modifying Κολωνίδες. |
| 6 | Κολωνίδες | Κολωνίς | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 πόλισμα | nsubj | low | Likely appositional or explanatory nominative plural referring to the settlement; syntax is somewhat uncertain. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ὑψηλοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing ὑψηλοῦ. |
| 8 | ὑψηλοῦ | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπί indicating location/elevation. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | μικρὸν | μικρός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative meaning 'a little'. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 12 θαλάσσης | case | high | Preposition governing θαλάσσης. |
| 12 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μικρὸν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |