Grammar parses for passage 4.35.3
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἔτι παλαιότερα μόνοις σφίσι Μεσσηνίων τῶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ τοιόνδε ἀτύχημα ἰδίᾳ συνέβη γενέσθαι.
The neuter plural τὰ παλαιότερα is substantivized and resumes an omitted topic; σφίσι is an emphatic dative of reference/possession with Μεσσηνίων τῶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ, while συνέβη governs the complementary infinitive γενέσθαι and its subject ἀτύχημα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-;----N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 παλαιότερα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 συνέβη | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 παλαιότερα | advmod | high | |
| 4 | παλαιότερα | παλαιός | ADJ | A--NNNP-- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 συνέβη | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter plural. |
| 5 | μόνοις | μόνος | ADJ | A--ODPM-- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 σφίσι | amod | high | |
| 6 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P--ODP-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 συνέβη | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possession; σφίσι may also be analyzed as an emphatic personal pronoun. |
| 7 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 σφίσι | nmod | medium | Substantivized ethnic adjective, genitive with σφίσι. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 θαλάσσῃ | case | high | |
| 10 | θαλάσσῃ | θάλασσα | NOUN | N--LDS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Μεσσηνίων | nmod | high | ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ is a locative prepositional modifier of the ethnic group. |
| 11 | τοιόνδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A--SAN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 12 ἀτύχημα | amod | high | |
| 12 | ἀτύχημα | ἀτύχημα | NOUN | N--SAN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive. |
| 13 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A--SFD-- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 συνέβη | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, ‘privately/individually’; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 14 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V---3SAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--AMN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 συνέβη | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after συνέβη. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 συνέβη | punct | high |
Δηιδαμείᾳ γὰρ τῇ Πύρρου παῖδες οὐκ ἐγένοντο, ἀλλὰ ὡς τελευτᾶν ἔμελλεν, ἐπιτρέπει τῷ δήμῳ τὰ πράγματα.
Δηιδαμείᾳ is a dative of reference/topic with παῖδες οὐκ ἐγένοντο; τῷ δήμῳ is the recipient of ἐπιτρέπει and τὰ πράγματα its object. The ὡς-clause is temporal, with τελευτᾶν as the infinitive governed by ἔμελλεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Δηιδαμείᾳ | Δηιδάμεια | PROPN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 παῖδες | obl | high | Dative of reference/topic. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐγένοντο | cc | high | Explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Πύρρου | det | high | |
| 4 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Δηιδαμείᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Δηιδαμείᾳ, identifying her as Pyrrhus's. |
| 5 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Plural nominative subject. |
| 6 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἐγένοντο | advmod | high | Negative particle. |
| 7 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PAIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐπιτρέπει | cc | high | Coordinates the contrasting second clause. |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 ἔμελλεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | τελευτᾶν | τελευτάω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἔμελλεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἔμελλεν. |
| 12 | ἔμελλεν | μέλλω | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 14 ἐπιτρέπει | advcl | high | Imperfect in temporal ὡς-clause. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔμελλεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐπιτρέπει | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Contrasting coordinated predicate; subject is understood from context. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 δήμῳ | det | high | |
| 16 | δήμῳ | δῆμος | NOUN | N---DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐπιτρέπει | iobj | high | Recipient of ἐπιτρέπει. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 πράγματα | det | high | |
| 18 | πράγματα | πρᾶγμα | NOUN | N----APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπιτρέπει | obj | high | Thing entrusted to the people; accusative object. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένοντο | punct | high |