Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.35.9

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Passage 4.35.9

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

78Greek tokens

2,474input tokens

6,179output tokens

Sentence 1

4.35.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 26
Input: 852
Output: 2,230
Total: 3,082

γλαυκότατον μὲν οἶδα ὕδωρ θεασάμενος τὸ ἐν Θερμοπύλαις, οὔτι που πᾶν, ἀλλʼ ὅσον κάτεισιν ἐς τὴν κολυμβήθραν ἥντινα ὀνομάζουσιν οἱ ἐπιχώριοι Χύτρους γυναικείους·

The sentence has οἶδα with a nominative/accusative participial construction: θεασάμενος supplies the speaker’s prior observation, ὕδωρ is its accusative object and γλαυκότατον its predicative adjective. The relative clause specifies the portion of water descending into the basin; ἥντινα is the accusative object of ὀνομάζουσιν, with Χύτρους γυναικείους as a predicative name.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	γλαυκότατον	γλαυκός	ADJ	superlative accusative singular neuter	Case=Acc\|Degree=Sup\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ὕδωρ	amod	high	Superlative adjective modifying ὕδωρ.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	particle	_	3 οἶδα	discourse	high	Correlative particle; contrasting οὔτι ... ἀλλʼ.
3	οἶδα	οἶδα	VERB	perfect active indicative first singular	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect in form with present meaning, ‘I know’.
4	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	third-declension accusative singular neuter	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 θεασάμενος	obj	high	Accusative object of θεασάμενος, within the participial construction.
5	θεασάμενος	θεάομαι	VERB	aorist middle participle nominative singular masculine	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Past\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	3 οἶδα	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with the implicit first-person subject of οἶδα.
6	τὸ	ὁ	DET	article accusative singular neuter	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Θερμοπύλαις	det	high	Article with Θερμοπύλαις, substantivizing the local expression.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	preposition	_	8 Θερμοπύλαις	case	high	Preposition governing Θερμοπύλαις.
8	Θερμοπύλαις	Θερμοπύλαι	PROPN	dative plural feminine	Case=Loc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	4 ὕδωρ	nmod	medium	Locative-form dative plural place name, dependent on ὕδωρ via the article phrase τὸ ἐν Θερμοπύλαις.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	3 οἶδα	punct	high
10	οὔτι	οὔτι	PART	negative particle	Polarity=Neg	12 πᾶν	advmod	high	Negative modifier of πᾶν: ‘not at all/every bit’.
11	που	που	PART	indefinite enclitic particle	_	10 οὔτι	discourse	medium	Enclitic particle with οὔτι, adding an indefinite or attenuating nuance.
12	πᾶν	πᾶς	ADJ	accusative singular neuter	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 ὕδωρ	appos	medium	Substantival accusative neuter, contrasting the whole water with the specified portion.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	12 πᾶν	punct	high
14	ἀλλʼ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	coordinating conjunction	_	15 ὅσον	cc	high	Introduces the correction or limitation.
15	ὅσον	ὅσος	PRON	accusative singular neuter relative pronoun	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	16 κάτεισιν	nsubj	medium	Substantival relative pronoun, ‘as much as’; syntactic subject of κάτεισιν.
16	κάτεισιν	κάτειμι	VERB	present active indicative third singular	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	3 οἶδα	conj	high	Finite verb in the ἀλλʼ-phrase; its subject is substantival ὅσον.
17	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	preposition	_	19 κολυμβήθραν	case	high	Preposition governing τὴν κολυμβήθραν.
18	τὴν	ὁ	DET	article accusative singular feminine	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 κολυμβήθραν	det	high	Article modifying κολυμβήθραν.
19	κολυμβήθραν	κολυμβήθρα	NOUN	accusative singular feminine	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 κάτεισιν	obl	high	Goal complement of κάτεισιν with ἐς.
20	ἥντινα	ὅστις	PRON	accusative singular feminine indefinite relative pronoun	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Int	21 ὀνομάζουσιν	obj	high	Accusative object of ὀνομάζουσιν; refers to κολυμβήθραν.
21	ὀνομάζουσιν	ὀνομάζω	VERB	present active indicative third plural	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	19 κολυμβήθραν	acl:relcl	high	Relative-clause verb modifying κολυμβήθραν.
22	οἱ	ὁ	DET	article nominative plural masculine	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	23 ἐπιχώριοι	det	high	Article with substantivized ἐπιχώριοι.
23	ἐπιχώριοι	ἐπιχώριος	ADJ	nominative plural masculine	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ὀνομάζουσιν	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the local inhabitants’.
24	Χύτρους	Χύτροι	PROPN	accusative plural masculine proper name	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ὀνομάζουσιν	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative name after ὀνομάζω.
25	γυναικείους	γυναικεῖος	ADJ	accusative plural masculine	Case=Acc\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	24 Χύτρους	amod	high	Adjective modifying the name Χύτρους.
26	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	3 οἶδα	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.35.9 sentence 2

Tokens: 19
Input: 736
Output: 1,590
Total: 2,326

ξανθὸν δὲ ὕδωρ, οὐδέν τι ἀποδέον τὴν χρόαν αἵματος, Ἑβραίων ἡ γῆ παρέχεται πρὸς Ἰόππῃ πόλει·

The subject is ἡ γῆ, with παρέχεται as the root verb; ξανθὸν ὕδωρ is the neuter subject-like accusative/nominative complement of παρέχεται (water is supplied/afforded), and οὐδέν τι ἀποδέον τὴν χρόαν αἵματος is a participial modifier meaning ‘in no way differing in color from blood’. πρὸς Ἰόππῃ πόλει is a locative phrase; πόλει is an appositional/locative dative with Ἰόππῃ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ξανθὸν	ξανθός	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	3 ὕδωρ	amod	high	Agrees with ὕδωρ.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 παρέχεται	cc	high
3	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 παρέχεται	nsubj	medium	Neuter subject of παρέχεται; syntactically coordinated/dislocated with the following feminine subject ἡ γῆ in the sense ‘the land affords yellow water’.
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 παρέχεται	punct	high
5	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	PX-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἀποδέον	advmod	medium	Adverbial neuter accusative/nominal form meaning ‘not at all’; exact case analysis is uncertain.
6	τι	τις	PRON	PX-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 οὐδέν	advmod	medium	Indefinite enclitic intensifier with οὐδέν, ‘in any way’.
7	ἀποδέον	ἀποδέω	VERB	V-PAP-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	3 ὕδωρ	acl	medium	Present active participle agreeing with ὕδωρ; idiomatically ‘differing/lacking’ in color.
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 χρόαν	det	high
9	χρόαν	χροιά	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἀποδέον	obj	high	Accusative with ἀποδέον in the sense ‘differing in color’.
10	αἵματος	αἷμα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 χρόαν	nmod	high	Genitive of comparison/specification: ‘the color of blood’.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 παρέχεται	punct	high
12	Ἑβραίων	Ἑβραῖος	PROPN	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 γῆ	nmod	high	Possessive/descriptive genitive modifying γῆ.
13	ἡ	ὁ	DET	RA-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 γῆ	det	high
14	γῆ	γῆ	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 παρέχεται	nsubj	high	Grammatical subject of παρέχεται.
15	παρέχεται	παρέχω	VERB	V-PMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Middle voice ‘provides/affords’; agrees with singular γῆ.
16	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P--------	_	17 Ἰόππῃ	case	high
17	Ἰόππῃ	Ἰόππη	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 πόλει	nmod	medium	Place name in a locative phrase; dative is governed by πρὸς here.
18	πόλει	πόλις	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 παρέχεται	obl	medium	Locative apposition to Ἰόππῃ: ‘by the city of Joppa’; attachment to Ἰόππῃ is also possible.
19	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	15 παρέχεται	punct	high

Sentence 3

4.35.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 33
Input: 886
Output: 2,359
Total: 3,245

θαλάσσης μὲν ἐγγυτάτω τὸ ὕδωρ ἐστί, λόγον δὲ ἐς τὴν πηγὴν λέγουσιν οἱ ταύτῃ, Περσέα ἀνελόντα τὸ κῆτος, ᾧ τὴν παῖδα προκεῖσθαι τοῦ Κηφέως, ἐνταῦθα τὸ αἷμα ἀπονίψασθαι.

The reported λόγος is compressed and paratactic: Περσέα ἀνελόντα introduces an accusative participial narrative, followed by infinitives προκεῖσθαι and ἀπονίψασθαι; the relative dative ᾧ has uncertain attachment/role.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	θαλάσσης	θάλασσα	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἐγγυτάτω	obl	high	Genitive with superlative ἐγγυτάτω.
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	PCL	_	3 ἐγγυτάτω	discourse	high
3	ἐγγυτάτω	ἐγγύς	ADV	ADV-SUP	Degree=Sup	5 ὕδωρ	advmod	high	Superlative adverb, predicative with ἐστί.
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 ὕδωρ	det	high
5	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐστί	nsubj	high
6	ἐστί	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστί	punct	high
8	λόγον	λόγος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 λέγουσιν	obj	high	Object of λέγουσιν.
9	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	PCL	_	13 λέγουσιν	cc	high
10	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	12 πηγὴν	case	high
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 πηγὴν	det	high
12	πηγὴν	πηγή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 λόγον	nmod	high	Prepositional phrase modifying λόγον.
13	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 ἐστί	parataxis	high	Second coordinated/main predication.
14	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 λέγουσιν	nsubj	high	Substantivized article, ‘those’.
15	ταύτῃ	οὗτος	PRON	D-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	14 οἱ	nmod	medium	Locative/directional dative, ‘here/about here’; substantivized οἱ likely means local inhabitants.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 λέγουσιν	punct	high
17	Περσέα	Περσεύς	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ἀνελόντα	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of participial clause.
18	ἀνελόντα	ἀναιρέω	VERB	V-APA-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	13 λέγουσιν	ccomp	medium	Accusative participial constituent in reported λόγος.
19	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 κῆτος	det	high
20	κῆτος	κῆτος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 ἀνελόντα	obj	high	Object of ἀνελόντα.
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἀνελόντα	punct	high
22	ᾧ	ὅς	PRON	R-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	25 προκεῖσθαι	obl	low	Relative dative, probably referring to Περσέα: ‘for whom/to whom the girl was exposed’; attachment and semantic role are uncertain.
23	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 παῖδα	det	high
24	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 προκεῖσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of προκεῖσθαι.
25	προκεῖσθαι	πρόκειμαι	VERB	V-PNM	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	18 ἀνελόντα	xcomp	medium	Infinitive within the reported narrative; middle/deponent form.
26	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 Κηφέως	det	high
27	Κηφέως	Κηφεύς	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 παῖδα	nmod	high	Possessive genitive, ‘of Cepheus’.
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 λέγουσιν	punct	high
29	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	ADV	PronType=Dem	32 ἀπονίψασθαι	advmod	high	Place adverb modifying ἀπονίψασθαι.
30	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	31 αἷμα	det	high
31	αἷμα	αἷμα	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	32 ἀπονίψασθαι	obj	high	Object of ἀπονίψασθαι.
32	ἀπονίψασθαι	ἀπονίπτω	VERB	V-ANM	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	13 λέγουσιν	xcomp	medium	Infinitive coordinated with the preceding reported actions; middle voice, ‘wash off’.
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐστί	punct	high

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