Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.5.4

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Passage 4.5.4

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2sentences parsed

69Greek tokens

1,838input tokens

4,890output tokens

Sentence 1

4.5.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 43
Input: 993
Output: 2,929
Total: 3,922

ἀποφαίνουσι δὲ καὶ ἡνίκα οἱ Φωκέων δυνάσται τὸ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν Δελφοῖς κατειλήφασιν, ἰδίᾳ τε κατὰ ἄνδρα τοὺς βασιλεύοντας ἐν Σπάρτῃ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων τοὺς ἐπʼ ἀξιώματος καὶ κοινῇ τῶν τε ἐφόρων τὴν ἀρχὴν καὶ τὴν γερουσίαν μετασχόντας τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ.

The main verb ἀποφαίνουσι governs an accusative object understood as persons being publicly designated; the ἡνίκα-clause supplies the temporal circumstance. The coordinated accusative groups are elliptical after the verb, with μετασχόντας agreeing with τοὺς ἐφόρους ... καὶ τὴν γερουσίαν understood as the final coordinated object; some coordination and attachment are interpretively uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀποφαίνουσι	ἀποφαίνω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	cc	high	Connective καί.
4	ἡνίκα	ἡνίκα	SCONJ	ADV	_	13 κατειλήφασιν	mark	high	Temporal subordinator.
5	οἱ	ὁ	DET	DA-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 δυνάσται	det	high
6	Φωκέων	Φωκεύς	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 δυνάσται	nmod	medium	Ethnic genitive, ‘of the Phocians’.
7	δυνάσται	δυνάστης	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 κατειλήφασιν	nsubj	high
8	τὸ	ὁ	DET	DA-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 ἱερὸν	det	high
9	ἱερὸν	ἱερός	NOUN	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 κατειλήφασιν	obj	high	Accusative object of κατειλήφασιν.
10	τὸ	ὁ	DET	DA-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 ἱερὸν	det	high	Second article in attributive phrase.
11	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	12 Δελφοῖς	case	high
12	Δελφοῖς	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἱερὸν	nmod	high	Locative complement of ἐν.
13	κατειλήφασιν	καταλαμβάνω	VERB	V-RAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	advcl	high	Temporal subordinate verb.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 κατειλήφασιν	punct	high
15	ἰδίᾳ	ἴδιος	ADV	ADV	_	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	advmod	high	Adverbial ‘separately/individually’.
16	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 ἰδίᾳ	cc	high
17	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	_	18 ἄνδρα	case	high
18	ἄνδρα	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 βασιλεύοντας	obl	high	Distributive phrase κατὰ ἄνδρα.
19	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	DA-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 βασιλεύοντας	det	high
20	βασιλεύοντας	βασιλεύω	VERB	V-PAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	obj	high	Substantival participle, first accusative group.
21	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	22 Σπάρτῃ	case	high
22	Σπάρτῃ	Σπάρτη	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 βασιλεύοντας	obl	high
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 βασιλεύοντας	cc	high	Coordinates the accusative groups.
24	τῶν	ὁ	DET	DGPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	25 ἄλλων	det	high
25	ἄλλων	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	26 τοὺς	nmod	medium	Genitive substantive, ‘of the others’.
26	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	DA-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 ἐπʼ	det	medium	Article belongs to an elliptical accusative phrase.
27	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	28 ἀξιώματος	case	high	Elided form of ἐπί.
28	ἀξιώματος	ἀξίωμα	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	26 τοὺς	nmod	high	Genitive complement of ἐπί.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	30 κοινῇ	cc	high
30	κοινῇ	κοινός	ADV	ADV	_	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	advmod	high	Adverbial ‘in common/collectively’.
31	τῶν	ὁ	DET	DGPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	33 ἐφόρων	det	high
32	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	33 ἐφόρων	cc	high
33	ἐφόρων	ἔφορος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	39 μετασχόντας	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on μετασχόντας.
34	τὴν	ὁ	DET	DA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	35 ἀρχὴν	det	high
35	ἀρχὴν	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	39 μετασχόντας	obj	high	First object of μετασχόντας.
36	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	38 γερουσίαν	cc	high
37	τὴν	ὁ	DET	DA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 γερουσίαν	det	high
38	γερουσίαν	γερουσία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	39 μετασχόντας	conj	high	Coordinated second object of μετασχόντας.
39	μετασχόντας	μετέχω	VERB	V-2AAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	obj	medium	Substantival accusative participle, coordinated with the preceding accusative group(s).
40	τῶν	ὁ	DET	DGPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	42 θεοῦ	det	high
41	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	DGSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	42 θεοῦ	det	high
42	θεοῦ	θεός	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	39 μετασχόντας	nmod	high	τῶν τοῦ θεοῦ: genitive phrase dependent on μετασχόντας, ‘the god’s [matters/rites]’.
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀποφαίνουσι	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.5.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 26
Input: 845
Output: 1,961
Total: 2,806

πρό τε δὴ πάντων, ὡς οὐδὲν ἂν τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους κέρδους ἕνεκα ὀκνήσαντας, τὴν συμμαχίαν ὀνειδίζουσί σφισι τὴν πρὸς Ἀπολλόδωρον τὸν ἐν Κασσανδρείᾳ τυραννήσαντα.

The main finite verb is ὀνειδίζουσί, with subject understood from context; τὴν συμμαχίαν is its object and τὴν πρὸς Ἀπολλόδωρον... is a second accusative dependent on συμμαχίαν, specifying the alliance. The opening ὡς-clause is elliptical, with οὐδὲν modifying an understood object/result and τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους... functioning as an accusative subject of the implied infinitive; κέρδους ἕνεκα is purpose/ground.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πρό	πρό	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	4 πάντων	case	high
2	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 δὴ	cc	high	Correlative particle.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	PART	_	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	discourse	medium	Emphatic particle.
4	πάντων	πᾶς	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	obl	high	Genitive with πρό, ‘before all’.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	punct	high
6	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	13 ὀκνήσαντας	mark	medium	Introduces an elliptical explanatory clause.
7	οὐδὲν	οὐδείς	PRON	A-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	13 ὀκνήσαντας	obj	low	Elliptical construction; may be adverbial ‘in no respect’.
8	ἂν	ἄν	PART	PART	_	13 ὀκνήσαντας	aux	medium	Modal particle with an implied verb.
9	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	10 Λακεδαιμονίους	det	high
10	Λακεδαιμονίους	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ὀκνήσαντας	nsubj	medium	Accusative subject of an implied infinitive/elliptical predicate.
11	κέρδους	κέρδος	NOUN	G-SGN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 ἕνεκα	nmod	high
12	ἕνεκα	ἕνεκα	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Post	13 ὀκνήσαντας	case	high	Postposition governing κέρδους.
13	ὀκνήσαντας	ὀκνέω	VERB	AAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	advcl	medium	Aorist participle in the elliptical ὡς-clause.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	punct	high
15	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	16 συμμαχίαν	det	high
16	συμμαχίαν	συμμαχία	NOUN	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	obj	high	Direct object of ὀνειδίζουσί.
17	ὀνειδίζουσί	ὀνειδίζω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
18	σφισι	σφεῖς	PRON	RP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs\|Reflex=Yes	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	iobj	high	Dative of reference, ‘to/against them’.
19	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	16 συμμαχίαν	det	high	Article repeated with appositional/specifying phrase.
20	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	21 Ἀπολλόδωρον	case	high
21	Ἀπολλόδωρον	Ἀπολλόδωρος	PROPN	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 συμμαχίαν	nmod	high	Object of πρὸς; identifies the alliance.
22	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 τυραννήσαντα	det	high
23	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	24 Κασσανδρείᾳ	case	high
24	Κασσανδρείᾳ	Κασσάνδρεια	PROPN	D-SF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 τυραννήσαντα	obl	high	Locative complement of ἐν.
25	τυραννήσαντα	τυραννέω	VERB	AAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 Ἀπολλόδωρον	acl	high	Modifies Ἀπολλόδωρον; τὸν is its article.
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	17 ὀνειδίζουσί	punct	high

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