Grammar parses for passage 4.5.5
Open translation for this passage
ἀνθʼ ὅτου δὲ Μεσσήνιοι τὸ ὄνειδος ἥγηνται τοῦτο οὕτω πικρόν, οὔ μοι τῷ λόγῳ τῷ παρόντι ἦν ἐπεισάγεσθαι·
The first clause is somewhat compressed: ἀνθʼ ὅτου likely introduces a causal/explanatory phrase, while the second clause uses ἦν + infinitive idiomatically to express impossibility/unsuitability.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνθʼ | ἀντί | ADP | S--------- | _ | 2 ὅτου | case | high | Elided preposition. |
| 2 | ὅτου | ὅστις | PRON | Pk-------- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 ἥγηνται | obl | medium | Relative genitive dependent on ἀντί; exact syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 7 ἥγηνται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Ne-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἥγηνται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἥγηνται. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ὄνειδος | det | high | Article. |
| 6 | ὄνειδος | ὄνειδος | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἥγηνται | obj | high | Object of ἥγηνται. |
| 7 | ἥγηνται | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V--3rpp-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 8 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | RD-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ἥγηνται | obj | medium | Likely appositional/anticipatory object with ὄνειδος; attached here as object to the main verb. |
| 9 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 10 πικρόν | advmod | high | Modifies πικρόν. |
| 10 | πικρόν | πικρός | ADJ | A--s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἥγηνται | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement; exact relation could also be predicative adjunct. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἥγηνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | οὔ | οὐ | PART | G--------- | _ | 18 ἦν | advmod | high | Negation of ἦν. |
| 13 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P1-s---d- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 18 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/interest with ἦν. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 λόγῳ | det | high | Article. |
| 15 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | Nb-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἦν | obl | high | Dative complement with ἦν. |
| 16 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 παρόντι | det | high | Article. |
| 17 | παρόντι | πάρειμι | VERB | V--sppamd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 λόγῳ | amod | medium | Attributive participle modifying λόγῳ. |
| 18 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3sia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 19 ἐπεισάγεσθαι | aux | medium | Auxiliary-like copular/preparatory verb with infinitive complement. |
| 19 | ἐπεισάγεσθαι | ἐπεισάγω | VERB | V--ppmn--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἦν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἦν. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἥγηνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὅτι γὰρ μὴ τῶν Μεσσηνίων τὸ εὔψυχον καὶ χρόνου μῆκος ὃν ἐπολέμησαν διάφορα ἐγένετο τῆς Ἀπολλοδώρου τυραννίδος, ἔς γε τὰς συμφορὰς οὐ πολλῷ τινι ἀποδέοι ἂν ἃ οἱ Κασσανδρεῖς πεπόνθασι.
The syntax is difficult in the middle clause; ἀποδέοι ἂν appears to depend on the main predication, while the relative clauses around ὃν ἐπολέμησαν and ἃ ... πεπόνθασι are attached to the surrounding noun phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | mark | high | Introduces the causal/content clause. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Negation of the clause. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσηνίων. |
| 5 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μῆκος | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of μῆκος; noun-like ethnicon. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 μῆκος | det | high | Article with μῆκος. |
| 7 | εὔψυχον | εὔψυχος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 μῆκος | amod | high | Substantivized adjective in apposition with μῆκος. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 μῆκος | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominal subjects. |
| 9 | χρόνου | χρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μῆκος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μῆκος. |
| 10 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 11 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπολέμησαν | obj | medium | Relative pronoun likely referring to χρόνον/μῆκος, but form is odd for the context. |
| 12 | ἐπολέμησαν | πολεμέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ὃν | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying the preceding temporal expression. |
| 13 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐγένετο | xcomp | low | Likely predicative/appositional to the subject, but syntax is difficult. |
| 14 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 τυραννίδος | det | high | Article with τυραννίδος. |
| 16 | Ἀπολλοδώρου | Ἀπολλόδωρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 τυραννίδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τυραννίδος. |
| 17 | τυραννίδος | τυραννίς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγένετο | nmod | high | Genitive complement with ἐγένετο. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | ἔς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 22 συμφορὰς | case | high | Preposition governing συμφοράς. |
| 20 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 19 ἔς | discourse | high | Emphatic particle attached to preposition. |
| 21 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 συμφορὰς | det | high | Article with συμφορὰς. |
| 22 | συμφορὰς | συμφορά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 ἀποδέοι | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ἀποδέοι. |
| 23 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 26 ἀποδέοι | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 24 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἀποδέοι | obl | medium | Dative of degree/measure with ἀποδέοι. |
| 25 | τινι | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 πολλῷ | det | high | Indefinite enclitic modifying πολλῷ. |
| 26 | ἀποδέοι | ἀποδέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἐγένετο | conj | high | Coordinated/linked predication under the scope of the main clause. |
| 27 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 26 ἀποδέοι | advmod | high | Modal particle with optative. |
| 28 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 πεπόνθασι | obj | high | Relative pronoun introducing the final relative clause. |
| 29 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Κασσανδρεῖς | det | high | Article with Κασσανδρεῖς. |
| 30 | Κασσανδρεῖς | Κασσανδρεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 πεπόνθασι | nsubj | high | Subject of πεπόνθασι. |
| 31 | πεπόνθασι | πάσχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 28 ἃ | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause modifying the implied antecedent. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |