Grammar parses for passage 4.5.8
Open translation for this passage
μησὶ δὲ οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον Ἀντιόχου τελευτήσαντος Εὐφαὴς ὁ Ἀντιόχου παρέλαβε τὴν ἀρχήν.
The opening is temporal ('not many months later'); τελευτήσαντος Ἀντιόχου is a genitive absolute. The sequence Εὐφαὴς ὁ Ἀντιόχου is syntactically/onomastically somewhat unusual, so the attachment of the second Ἀντιόχου is marked medium confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μησὶ | μήν | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time: 'months later'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 παρέλαβε | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | ADV | Polarity=Neg | 4 πολλοῖς | advmod | high | |
| 4 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 μησὶ | amod | high | Agreeing with μησί. |
| 5 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 11 παρέλαβε | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, with dative of time. |
| 6 | Ἀντιόχου | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 τελευτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 7 | τελευτήσαντος | τελευτάω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 παρέλαβε | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle, 'after Antiochus died'. |
| 8 | Εὐφαὴς | Εὐφαής | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παρέλαβε | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἀντιόχου | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀντιόχου | Ἀντίοχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Εὐφαὴς | appos | medium | Possibly an identifying genitive/name phrase with Εὐφαής; syntactic attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | παρέλαβε | παραλαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 13 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παρέλαβε | obj | high | |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παρέλαβε | punct | high |
Λακεδαιμόνιοι δὲ οὔτε κήρυκα ἀποστέλλουσι προεροῦντα Μεσσηνίοις πόλεμον οὔτε προαπειπάμενοι τὴν φιλίαν, κρύφα δὲ καὶ μάλιστα ὡς ἐδύναντο ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ παρασκευασάμενοι, προομνύουσιν ὅρκον μήτε τοῦ πολέμου μῆκος, ἢν μὴ διʼ ὀλίγου κριθῇ, μήτε τὰς συμφορὰς, εἰ μεγάλαι πολεμοῦσι γένοιντο, ἀποστρέψειν σφᾶς πρὶν ἢ κτήσαιντο χώραν τὴν Μεσσηνίαν δοριάλωτον.
The main predicate is προομνύουσιν with coordinated negative preparatory clauses; ἀποστρέψειν is its infinitival complement, and the μήτε phrases are coordinated objects within the oath.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 προομνύουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 προομνύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἀποστέλλουσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | κήρυκα | κῆρυξ | NOUN | NASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | |
| 5 | ἀποστέλλουσι | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 24 προομνύουσιν | conj | high | First coordinated οὔτε clause. |
| 6 | προεροῦντα | προαγορεύω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 κήρυκα | acl | medium | Future-proclaiming sense; form is formally ambiguous. |
| 7 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | NPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προεροῦντα | iobj | high | |
| 8 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | NASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 προεροῦντα | obj | high | |
| 9 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 προαπειπάμενοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | προαπειπάμενοι | προαπαγορεύω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 προομνύουσιν | conj | medium | Coordinated negative alternative; middle-looking spelling may reflect lexical formation. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 φιλίαν | det | high | |
| 12 | φιλίαν | φιλία | NOUN | NASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 προαπειπάμενοι | obj | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 προομνύουσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | κρύφα | κρύφα | ADV | ADV | _ | 22 παρασκευασάμενοι | advmod | high | |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 προομνύουσιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 μάλιστα | cc | high | |
| 17 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV | _ | 22 παρασκευασάμενοι | advmod | high | |
| 18 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐδύναντο | mark | high | Introduces manner/degree clause. |
| 19 | ἐδύναντο | δύναμαι | VERB | V3PIM | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 22 παρασκευασάμενοι | advcl | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 21 ἀπορρήτῳ | case | high | |
| 21 | ἀπορρήτῳ | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | NDSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 παρασκευασάμενοι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective. |
| 22 | παρασκευασάμενοι | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 24 προομνύουσιν | advcl | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 προομνύουσιν | punct | high | |
| 24 | προομνύουσιν | προομνύω | VERB | V3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | ὅρκον | ὅρκος | NOUN | NASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 προομνύουσιν | obj | high | |
| 26 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 μῆκος | cc | high | |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 28 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | NGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 μῆκος | nmod | high | |
| 29 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | NASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 46 ἀποστρέψειν | obj | medium | First μήτε object coordinated with τὰς συμφοράς. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 μῆκος | punct | high | |
| 31 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 κριθῇ | mark | high | Contracted/combined conditional particle. |
| 32 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 35 κριθῇ | advmod | high | |
| 33 | διʼ | διά | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 34 ὀλίγου | case | high | |
| 34 | ὀλίγου | ὀλίγος | ADJ | GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 κριθῇ | obl | high | Substantivized; 'in a short time'. |
| 35 | κριθῇ | κρίνω | VERB | V3SAS | Mood=Subj|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 29 μῆκος | advcl | medium | Passive/medio-passive 'be decided'; subject implicit. |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 μῆκος | punct | high | |
| 37 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 39 συμφορὰς | cc | high | |
| 38 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | DPAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 39 συμφορὰς | det | high | |
| 39 | συμφορὰς | συμφορά | NOUN | NPAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 46 ἀποστρέψειν | obj | high | Second μήτε object. |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 συμφορὰς | punct | high | |
| 41 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 44 γένοιντο | mark | high | |
| 42 | μεγάλαι | μέγας | ADJ | NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 44 γένοιντο | nsubj | medium | Agrees with implicit/semantic subject of γένοιντο. |
| 43 | πολεμοῦσι | πολεμέω | VERB | V3PAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 44 γένοιντο | advmod | low | Textually difficult; likely verbal form related to πόλεμος/πολεμέω, perhaps corrupt or elliptical. |
| 44 | γένοιντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3PAM | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 39 συμφορὰς | advcl | medium | Optative in εἰ-clause; construed as 'if they should become great'. |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 συμφορὰς | punct | high | |
| 46 | ἀποστρέψειν | ἀποστρέφω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 προομνύουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive completing προομνύουσιν. |
| 47 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | RP3AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 46 ἀποστρέψειν | obj | high | Reflexive/logophoric accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 48 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 50 κτήσαιντο | mark | high | |
| 49 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 48 πρὶν | fixed | high | Part of πρὶν ἢ construction. |
| 50 | κτήσαιντο | κτάομαι | VERB | V3PAM | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 46 ἀποστρέψειν | advcl | high | |
| 51 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | NASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 κτήσαιντο | obj | high | |
| 52 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 53 Μεσσηνίαν | det | high | |
| 53 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | NASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 χώραν | nmod | high | Appositional/specifying genitive-like modifier in accusative phrase. |
| 54 | δοριάλωτον | δοριάλωτος | ADJ | AASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 χώραν | amod | high | Predicative/resultative adjective: land conquered by the spear. |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 προομνύουσιν | punct | high |