Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.6.3

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Passage 4.6.3

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2sentences parsed

91Greek tokens

2,043input tokens

6,300output tokens

Sentence 1

4.6.3 sentence 1

Tokens: 60
Input: 1,158
Output: 3,988
Total: 5,146

ἄνδρα οὖν Μεσσήνιον---τούτου γὰρ δὴ ἕνεκα τὸν πάντα ἐποιησάμην Ῥιανοῦ καὶ Μύρωνος λόγον---Ἀριστομένην, ὃς καὶ πρῶτος καὶ μάλιστα τὸ Μεσσήνης ὄνομα ἐς ἀξίωμα προήγαγε, τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα ἐπεισήγαγε μὲν ὁ Πριηνεὺς ἐς τὴν συγγραφήν, Ῥιανῷ δὲ ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν οὐδὲν Ἀριστομένης ἐστὶν ἀφανέστερος ἢ Ἀχιλλεὺς ἐν Ἰλιάδι Ὁμήρῳ.

Main predicate ἐπεισήγαγε takes τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα as object; the opening ἄνδρα...Ἀριστομένην is an anticipatory/topic accusative resumed by τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα. Ῥιανῷ is dative of comparison/reference with ἀφανέστερος; ἢ introduces the comparison. Hyphens are punctuation only.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἄνδρα	ἀνήρ	NOUN	n-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 ἄνδρα	dislocated	medium	Initial topical/anticipatory accusative, resumed by τοῦτον τὸν ἄνδρα.
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	d--------	_	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	discourse	high
3	Μεσσήνιον	Μεσσήνιος	ADJ	a-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἄνδρα	amod	high
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἄνδρα	punct	high
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἄνδρα	punct	high
6	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἄνδρα	punct	high
7	τούτου	οὗτος	PRON	pd-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 ἕνεκα	det	high	Genitive demonstrative agreeing with implied/understood λόγου.
8	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	d--------	_	13 ἐποιησάμην	discourse	high	Explanatory particle.
9	δὴ	δή	PART	d--------	_	10 ἕνεκα	advmod	high
10	ἕνεκα	ἕνεκα	ADP	r--------	_	13 ἐποιησάμην	case	high	Postposition governing τούτου.
11	τὸν	ὁ	DET	l-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 λόγον	det	high
12	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	a-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 λόγον	amod	high	Substantivized/attributive with λόγον: the whole account.
13	ἐποιησάμην	ποιέω	VERB	v1saim---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	parataxis	high	Parenthetical first-person aorist.
14	Ῥιανοῦ	Ῥιανός	PROPN	n-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 λόγον	nmod	high
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	c--------	_	16 Μύρωνος	cc	high
16	Μύρωνος	Μύρων	PROPN	n-s---mg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 Ῥιανοῦ	conj	high
17	λόγον	λόγος	NOUN	n-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἐποιησάμην	obj	high
18	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐποιησάμην	punct	high
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐποιησάμην	punct	high
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐποιησάμην	punct	high
21	Ἀριστομένην	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	n-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 ἄνδρα	appos	high	Appositional accusative specifying the topical ἄνδρα.
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	21 Ἀριστομένην	punct	high
23	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	pr-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 προήγαγε	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun referring to Ἀριστομένην.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	c--------	_	25 πρῶτος	advmod	high	Focusing καί.
25	πρῶτος	πρῶτος	ADJ	a-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	33 προήγαγε	advmod	high	Predicative/superlative-like adverbial modifier.
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	c--------	_	27 μάλιστα	cc	high
27	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	d--------	Degree=Sup	33 προήγαγε	advmod	high
28	τὸ	ὁ	DET	l-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 ὄνομα	det	high
29	Μεσσήνης	Μεσσήνη	PROPN	n-s---fg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 ὄνομα	nmod	high	Genitive of possession/association.
30	ὄνομα	ὄνομα	NOUN	n-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	33 προήγαγε	obj	high
31	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	r--------	_	32 ἀξίωμα	case	high
32	ἀξίωμα	ἀξίωμα	NOUN	n-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	33 προήγαγε	obl	high	Goal complement of προήγαγε.
33	προήγαγε	προάγω	VERB	v3saia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	21 Ἀριστομένην	acl:relcl	high
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	punct	high
35	τοῦτον	οὗτος	DET	pd-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 ἄνδρα	det	high	Demonstrative determiner resuming the initial topical accusative.
36	τὸν	ὁ	DET	l-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	37 ἄνδρα	det	high
37	ἄνδρα	ἀνήρ	NOUN	n-s---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	obj	high
38	ἐπεισήγαγε	ἐπεισάγω	VERB	v3saia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
39	μὲν	μέν	PART	d--------	_	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	discourse	high	Correlative μέν with δέ at token 47.
40	ὁ	ὁ	DET	l-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 Πριηνεὺς	det	high
41	Πριηνεὺς	Πριηνεύς	PROPN	n-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	nsubj	high
42	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	r--------	_	44 συγγραφήν	case	high
43	τὴν	ὁ	DET	l-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	44 συγγραφήν	det	high
44	συγγραφήν	συγγραφή	NOUN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	obl	high	Goal/domain complement of ἐπεισήγαγε.
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	punct	high
46	Ῥιανῷ	Ῥιανός	PROPN	n-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	54 ἀφανέστερος	obl	high	Dative of comparison/reference: in Rhi(an)us's poems.
47	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	c--------	_	54 ἀφανέστερος	cc	high	Correlative contrast with μέν.
48	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	r--------	_	50 ἔπεσιν	case	high
49	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	l-p---nd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	50 ἔπεσιν	det	high
50	ἔπεσιν	ἔπος	NOUN	n-p---nd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	54 ἀφανέστερος	obl	high
51	οὐδὲν	οὐδείς	PRON	px-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	54 ἀφανέστερος	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative: not at all.
52	Ἀριστομένης	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	n-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	54 ἀφανέστερος	nsubj	high
53	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	v3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	54 ἀφανέστερος	cop	high
54	ἀφανέστερος	ἀφανής	ADJ	a-s---mn-komp	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	conj	high	Predicate of a coordinated comparison clause.
55	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	c--------	_	56 Ἀχιλλεὺς	cc	high	Comparative conjunction.
56	Ἀχιλλεὺς	Ἀχιλλεύς	PROPN	n-s---mn-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	54 ἀφανέστερος	conj	high	Standard of comparison.
57	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	r--------	_	58 Ἰλιάδι	case	high
58	Ἰλιάδι	Ἰλιάς	PROPN	n-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	56 Ἀχιλλεὺς	obl	high	Title of the work, dative after ἐν.
59	Ὁμήρῳ	Ὅμηρος	PROPN	n-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	58 Ἰλιάδι	nmod	medium	Author attribution, dependent on Ἰλιάδι.
60	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἐπεισήγαγε	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.6.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 31
Input: 885
Output: 2,312
Total: 3,197

διάφορα οὖν ἐπὶ τοσοῦτον εἰρηκότων, προσέσθαι μὲν τὸν ἕτερόν μοι τῶν λόγων καὶ οὐχ ἅμα ἀμφοτέρους ὑπελείπετο, Ῥιανὸς δέ μοι ποιῆσαι μᾶλλον ἐφαίνετο εἰκότα ἐς τὴν Ἀριστομένους ἡλικίαν·

The genitive absolute διάφορα ... εἰρηκότων sets the circumstance; προσέσθαι is an articular infinitive coordinated with ποιῆσαι and governed by ὑπελείπετο, while Ῥιανὸς is the apparent subject of ἐφαίνετο and ποιῆσαι. The forms εἰρηκότων and εἰκότα are morphologically ambiguous in isolation; here εἰρηκότων is genitive plural perfect active participle, and εἰκότα is accusative plural neuter adjective agreeing with an implicit/understood πράγματα or λόγια.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	διάφορα	διάφορος	ADJ	A- ---NPA-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	5 εἰρηκότων	advcl	medium	Neuter plural nominative/accusative; construed substantivally as the subject of the genitive absolute, though agreement with εἰρηκότων is not overtly visible.
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	Df	_	18 ὑπελείπετο	discourse	high
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R-	_	4 τοσοῦτον	case	high
4	τοσοῦτον	τοσοῦτος	ADJ	A-SNA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 εἰρηκότων	obl	high	Accusative extent phrase with ἐπί.
5	εἰρηκότων	λέγω	VERB	V-RAP-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 ὑπελείπετο	advcl	medium	Genitive plural perfect active participle; genitive absolute with διάφορα understood substantivally.
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ὑπελείπετο	punct	high
7	προσέσθαι	προσίημι	VERB	V-ANM	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	18 ὑπελείπετο	xcomp	medium	Aorist middle infinitive, coordinated semantically with ποιῆσαι; subject is τὸν ἕτερον.
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	Df	_	7 προσέσθαι	advmod	high
9	τὸν	ὁ	DET	L-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 ἕτερόν	det	high
10	ἕτερόν	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 προσέσθαι	obj	high	Substantivized adjective, object of προσέσθαι.
11	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	P1-SD	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	7 προσέσθαι	iobj	high
12	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 λόγων	det	high
13	λόγων	λόγος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 ἕτερόν	nmod	high
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-	_	17 ἀμφοτέρους	cc	high
15	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	Df	Polarity=Neg	17 ἀμφοτέρους	advmod	high
16	ἅμα	ἅμα	ADV	D-	_	17 ἀμφοτέρους	advmod	high
17	ἀμφοτέρους	ἀμφότερος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 ὑπελείπετο	obj	medium	Substantivized adjective; contrasts with τὸν ἕτερόν, with understood λόγους.
18	ὑπελείπετο	ὑπολείπω	VERB	V-PII-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Imperfect middle; governs the infinitival construction.
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 ὑπελείπετο	punct	high
20	Ῥιανὸς	Ῥιανός	PROPN	Ne-SNM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 ἐφαίνετο	nsubj	high
21	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C-	_	25 ἐφαίνετο	cc	high
22	μοι	ἐγώ	PRON	P1-SD	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	25 ἐφαίνετο	iobj	high	Dative of judgment/appearance.
23	ποιῆσαι	ποιέω	VERB	V-ANM	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	25 ἐφαίνετο	xcomp	high	Aorist active infinitive complementary to ἐφαίνετο.
24	μᾶλλον	μάλα	ADV	D-	Degree=Cmp	26 εἰκότα	advmod	high
25	ἐφαίνετο	φαίνω	VERB	V-IMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	18 ὑπελείπετο	conj	high	Imperfect middle/deponent, 'seemed'.
26	εἰκότα	εἰκός	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	23 ποιῆσαι	obj	medium	Accusative neuter plural adjective, object complement with ποιῆσαι; likely agrees with an understood neuter plural noun.
27	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	30 ἡλικίαν	case	high
28	τὴν	ὁ	DET	L-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 ἡλικίαν	det	high
29	Ἀριστομένους	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	Ne-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	30 ἡλικίαν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἡλικίαν.
30	ἡλικίαν	ἡλικία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 εἰκότα	obl	high	Accusative of reference with εἰκότα.
31	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	18 ὑπελείπετο	punct	high

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