Grammar parses for passage 4.6.6
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ Μεσσήνιοι τότε, ὡς τὰ περὶ τὴν Ἄμφειαν ἤκουον παρʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἀποσωθέντων ἐκ τῆς ἁλώσεως, συνελέγοντο ἐς Στενύκληρον ἀπὸ τῶν πόλεων.
The main syntactic difficulty is the large temporal/circumstantial clause introduced by ὡς, whose internal object structure is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 συνελέγοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 συνελέγοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of συνελέγοντο. |
| 4 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 20 συνελέγοντο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 συνελέγοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἤκουον | mark | high | Introduces temporal/circumstantial clause. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 ἤκουον | obj | medium | Likely substantive article with omitted noun phrase 'the things'. |
| 8 | περὶ | περί | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἤκουον | case | high | Preposition governing Ἄμφειαν. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ἄμφειαν | det | high | Article modifying Ἄμφειαν. |
| 10 | Ἄμφειαν | Ἄμφεια | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 περὶ | obl | high | Object of περί. |
| 11 | ἤκουον | ἀκούω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 20 συνελέγοντο | advcl | high | Temporal/circumstantial clause verb. |
| 12 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 11 ἤκουον | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῶν. |
| 13 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 ἤκουον | obl | high | Oblique complement of ἤκουον with παρά. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἀποσωθέντων | det | high | Article modifying ἀποσωθέντων. |
| 15 | ἀποσωθέντων | ἀποσῴζω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 αὐτῶν | nmod | medium | Genitive participial modifier of αὐτῶν; voice/form somewhat uncertain but best analyzed as passive aorist participle. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 18 ἁλώσεως | case | high | Preposition governing ἁλώσεως. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἁλώσεως | det | high | Article modifying ἁλώσεως. |
| 18 | ἁλώσεως | ἅλωσις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀποσωθέντων | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of ἀποσωθέντων. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 συνελέγοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | συνελέγοντο | συλλέγω | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 22 Στενύκληρον | case | high | Preposition governing Στενύκληρον. |
| 22 | Στενύκληρον | Στενύκληρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 συνελέγοντο | obl | high | Directional oblique complement of συνελέγοντο. |
| 23 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 25 πόλεων | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεων. |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 25 πόλεων | det | high | Article modifying πόλεων. |
| 25 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 συνελέγοντο | obl | high | Source oblique with ἀπό. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 συνελέγοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀθροισθέντος δὲ ἐς ἐκκλησίαν τοῦ δήμου καὶ ἄλλοι τῶν ἐν τέλει καὶ τελευταῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς παρεκελεύετο μήτε τῆς Ἀμφείας καταπεπλῆχθαι τὴν πόρθησιν, ὡς τὸν πάντα ἤδη κεκριμένον διʼ αὐτῆς πόλεμον, μήτε ὡς τῆς σφετέρας κρείσσονα τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων δεδοικέναι τὴν παρασκευήν·
Main verb παρεκελεύετο governs two μήτε-correlative infinitival complements; the initial genitive absolute sets the temporal circumstance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀθροισθέντος | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-APPN-SM | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 16 παρεκελεύετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 ἐκκλησίαν | case | high | Preposition governing acc. |
| 4 | ἐκκλησίαν | ἐκκλησία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀθροισθέντος | obl | high | Prepositional object. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA--GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 δήμου | det | high | |
| 6 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐκκλησίαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐκκλησίαν. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἄλλοι | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 παρεκελεύετο | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of παρεκελεύετο with elided participial force implied by context. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 τέλει | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 11 τέλει | case | high | |
| 11 | τέλει | τέλος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἄλλοι | nmod | medium | Probably substantivized adjective/noun in genitive phrase 'of those in office'. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 τελευταῖος | cc | high | |
| 13 | τελευταῖος | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλεὺς | amod | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA--NS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλεὺς | det | high | |
| 15 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄλλοι | conj | high | Coordinated subject phrase with ἄλλοι. |
| 16 | παρεκελεύετο | παρακελεύομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | cc | high | Correlative negative conjunction. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀμφείας | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀμφείας | Ἀμφεία | PROPN | N--FSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 καταπεπλῆχθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement of καταπεπλῆχθαι. |
| 20 | καταπεπλῆχθαι | καταπλήσσω | VERB | V-RMN | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 16 παρεκελεύετο | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive in μήτε-clause. |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 πόρθησιν | det | high | |
| 22 | πόρθησιν | πόρθησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 καταπεπλῆχθαι | obj | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | punct | high | |
| 24 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 28 κεκριμένον | mark | high | Introduces explanatory clause. |
| 25 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κεκριμένον | det | high | |
| 26 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 κεκριμένον | amod | high | |
| 27 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 28 κεκριμένον | advmod | high | |
| 28 | κεκριμένον | κρίνω | VERB | V-RPP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 31 πόλεμον | acl | high | Participial clause modifying πόλεμον. |
| 29 | διʼ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 30 αὐτῆς | case | high | |
| 30 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3FSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 29 διʼ | obl | medium | Likely refers to Ἀμφεία. |
| 31 | πόλεμον | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 καταπεπλῆχθαι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive phrase. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | punct | high | |
| 33 | μήτε | μήτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | cc | high | |
| 34 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 40 δεδοικέναι | mark | high | Introduces comparative/explanatory clause. |
| 35 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 σφετέρας | det | high | |
| 36 | σφετέρας | σφέτερος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 δεδοικέναι | obl | high | Genitive phrase dependent on δεδοικέναι. |
| 37 | κρείσσονα | κρείσσων | ADJ | A-ASF-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 τὴν | amod | high | |
| 38 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 39 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 κρείσσονα | nmod | high | |
| 40 | δεδοικέναι | δείδω | VERB | V-RAN | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 παρεκελεύετο | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive in μήτε-clause. |
| 41 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 παρασκευήν | det | high | |
| 42 | παρασκευήν | παρασκευή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 δεδοικέναι | obj | high | |
| 43 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 παρεκελεύετο | punct | high |