Grammar parses for passage 4.8.5
Open translation for this passage
παρακλήσεις τε ἐγίνοντο, καὶ οἱ μὲν ζῶντες καὶ ἔτι ἄτρωτοι τοὺς τραυματίας παρώξυνον, πρὶν ἢ τὴν ἐσχάτην τινὶ ἐφεστηκέναι μοῖραν, ἀντιδράσαντα ὅ τι καὶ δύναιτο σὺν ἡδονῇ δέχεσθαι τὸ πεπρωμένον·
The infinitival construction after πρὶν ἢ is syntactically compressed: τὴν ἐσχάτην μοῖραν is the object of ἐφεστηκέναι, while ἀντιδράσαντα and δέχεσθαι belong to the exhortation's content; ὅ τι is an indefinite relative object of δύναιτο. Some attachment choices are necessarily provisional.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρακλήσεις | παράκλησις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἐγίνοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 παρακλήσεις | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐγίνοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PII-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 3 ἐγίνοντο | punct | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 παρώξυνον | cc | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ζῶντες | det | high | |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 8 ζῶντες | discourse | high | |
| 8 | ζῶντες | ζάω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 παρώξυνον | nsubj | high | Substantivized participle: 'the living'. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἄτρωτοι | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἄτρωτοι | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἄτρωτοι | ἄτρωτος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ζῶντες | conj | medium | Coordinated with ζῶντες; adjective is substantivized or predicative. |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 τραυματίας | det | high | |
| 13 | τραυματίας | τραυματίας | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 παρώξυνον | obj | high | Likely 'the wounded'; form is masculine accusative plural. |
| 14 | παρώξυνον | παροξύνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 3 ἐγίνοντο | conj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 14 παρώξυνον | punct | high | |
| 16 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐφεστηκέναι | mark | medium | Preposition-like temporal subordinator introducing the infinitival clause. |
| 17 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Part of the fixed sequence πρὶν ἢ. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐσχάτην | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐσχάτην | ἔσχατος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 μοῖραν | amod | high | |
| 20 | τινὶ | τις | PRON | P-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐφεστηκέναι | iobj | medium | Dative of the person affected/concerned with ἐφεστηκέναι. |
| 21 | ἐφεστηκέναι | ἐφίστημι | VERB | V-RAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 παρώξυνον | xcomp | medium | Infinitive after πρὶν ἢ; exact semantic attachment within the compressed exhortation is uncertain. |
| 22 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐφεστηκέναι | obj | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 21 ἐφεστηκέναι | punct | high | |
| 24 | ἀντιδράσαντα | ἀντιδράω | VERB | V-AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 δέχεσθαι | advcl | medium | Accusative participle, likely controlled by an understood accusative subject in the infinitival exhortation. |
| 25 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 τι | det | low | Together with τι forms indefinite relative ὅ τι; token-level parse is uncertain. |
| 26 | τι | τις | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 δύναιτο | obj | medium | Indefinite relative expression ὅ τι, functioning as object of δύναιτο despite orthographic spacing. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 28 δύναιτο | advmod | medium | Intensive/adverbial καί: 'whatever he might also be able to...'. |
| 28 | δύναιτο | δύναμαι | VERB | V-POM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 24 ἀντιδράσαντα | ccomp | medium | Optative in an indirect/exhortative construction; understood subject is singular. |
| 29 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 ἡδονῇ | case | high | |
| 30 | ἡδονῇ | ἡδονή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 δέχεσθαι | obl | high | |
| 31 | δέχεσθαι | δέχομαι | VERB | V-PNM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 28 δύναιτο | xcomp | high | |
| 32 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 πεπρωμένον | det | high | |
| 33 | πεπρωμένον | πορῶ | VERB | V-RPP-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 31 δέχεσθαι | obj | medium | Substantivized perfect passive participle: 'what has been allotted/decreed'; lemma and derivation are lexically uncertain. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 3 ἐγίνοντο | punct | high |