Grammar parses for passage 4.8.7
Open translation for this passage
ἴδια μὲν τοιαῦτα ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τῷ στρατεύματι ἔς τε τὰ ἔργα ἦν καὶ ἐς τὰς γνώμας τῶν μαχομένων, κοινὰ δὲ ἀπʼ ἀμφοτέρων·
Elliptical nominal predicate: ἴδια/τοιαῦτα and κοινά are coordinated subjects/predicatives with implied ἦν; ἦν governs the first clause, while κοινά is an asyndetic continuation. ἔς τε ... καὶ ἐς ... coordinates prepositional complements of ἴδια τοιαῦτα; ἀπʼ ἀμφοτέρων modifies κοινά.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἴδια | ἴδιος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 τοιαῦτα | amod | medium | Neuter plural, substantivized/nominal with τοιαῦτα. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 3 τοιαῦτα | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by δέ. |
| 3 | τοιαῦτα | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural; coordinated semantically with later κοινά. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 7 στρατεύματι | case | high | |
| 5 | ἑκατέρῳ | ἑκάτερος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στρατεύματι | amod | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στρατεύματι | det | high | |
| 7 | στρατεύματι | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 τοιαῦτα | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 8 | ἔς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 11 ἔργα | case | high | Variant/orthographic form of εἰς. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 12 ἦν | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἔργα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 τοιαῦτα | obl | high | First coordinated εἰς-phrase. |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/elliptical predicate; singular agrees with an implicit singular construction or conventional attraction. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 12 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the second εἰς-phrase. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 16 γνώμας | case | high | Variant/orthographic form of εἰς. |
| 15 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 γνώμας | det | high | |
| 16 | γνώμας | γνώμη | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 τοιαῦτα | obl | high | Second coordinated εἰς-phrase. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 μαχομένων | det | high | |
| 18 | μαχομένων | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 16 γνώμας | nmod | high | Substantivized genitive participle: 'of those fighting'. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 20 | κοινὰ | κοινός | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἦν | conj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, coordinated with τοιαῦτα; elliptical predicate/copula. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 20 κοινὰ | cc | high | Adversative/correlative particle. |
| 22 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 23 ἀμφοτέρων | case | high | Elided form of ἀπό. |
| 23 | ἀμφοτέρων | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 κοινὰ | obl | high | Substantival genitive governed by ἀπό. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high |
οὔτε γὰρ ἱκεσίαις οἱ φονευόμενοι καὶ χρημάτων ὑποσχέσεσιν ἐχρῶντο, τάχα μέν που μὴ πείσειν διὰ τὸ ἔχθος ἀπεγνωκότες, τὸ δὲ πλεῖστον ἀπαξιοῦντες ὡς οὐ τὰ πρότερά γε κακιοῦσιν·
The finite root is ἐχρῶντο; the nominative participles ἀπεγνωκότες and ἀπαξιοῦντες supply explanatory grounds, with ὡς introducing the content of their disdain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἐχρῶντο | cc | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἐχρῶντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἱκεσίαις | ἱκεσία | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument with χρῶντο. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 φονευόμενοι | det | high | |
| 5 | φονευόμενοι | φονεύω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐχρῶντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized present passive participle. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ὑποσχέσεσιν | cc | high | |
| 7 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ὑποσχέσεσιν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ὑπόσχεσις. |
| 8 | ὑποσχέσεσιν | ὑπόσχεσις | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Second dative of means/instrument coordinated with ἱκεσίαις. |
| 9 | ἐχρῶντο | χράομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | χράομαι governs a dative of use/means. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | _ | _ | 19 ἀπεγνωκότες | advmod | high | |
| 12 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 19 ἀπεγνωκότες | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; no overt δέ follows in this clause. |
| 13 | που | που | PART | _ | _ | 11 τάχα | advmod | medium | Indefinite/adverbial particle, modifying the conjectural adverbial phrase. |
| 14 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 15 πείσειν | advmod | high | Negates the infinitive. |
| 15 | πείσειν | πείθω | VERB | V-FAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 ἀπεγνωκότες | advcl | medium | Future infinitive in the explanatory thought/construction with ἀπεγνωκότες. |
| 16 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | _ | 18 ἔχθος | case | high | |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔχθος | det | high | |
| 18 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πείσειν | obl | high | διά + accusative, causal. |
| 19 | ἀπεγνωκότες | ἀπογιγνώσκω | VERB | V-RAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ἀπαξιοῦντες | advcl | high | Aorist-like completed-state sense: having despaired/concluded. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀπεγνωκότες | punct | high | |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 πλεῖστον | det | high | Substantivizing article with πλεῖστον. |
| 22 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 ἀπαξιοῦντες | cc | high | Introduces the stronger/additional reason. |
| 23 | πλεῖστον | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASN-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἀπαξιοῦντες | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘for the most part/especially’. |
| 24 | ἀπαξιοῦντες | ἀπαξιόω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐχρῶντο | advcl | high | Coordinated participial explanation of the subject’s attitude. |
| 25 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 30 κακιοῦσιν | mark | high | Introduces the content/reason clause. |
| 26 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | Polarity=Neg | 30 κακιοῦσιν | advmod | high | |
| 27 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 πρότερά | det | high | |
| 28 | πρότερά | πρότερος | ADJ | A-APN-CMP | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 κακιοῦσιν | obj | high | Substantivized comparative adjective, ‘the former things/offenses’. |
| 29 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 28 πρότερά | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle attached to πρότερά. |
| 30 | κακιοῦσιν | κακόω | VERB | V-FAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 ἀπαξιοῦντες | ccomp | medium | Future indicative in the ὡς-clause; understood subject is the same group. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high |
οἵ τε ἀποκτείνοντες ἀπείχοντο καὶ αὐχήματος ὁμοίως καὶ ὀνειδῶν, οὐκ ἔχοντές πω βεβαίαν οὐδέτεροι τὴν ἐλπίδα εἰ κρατήσουσι.
οἵ ... ἀποκτείνοντες is the subject of ἀπείχοντο; αὐχήματος and ὀνειδῶν are genitives dependent on ἀπείχοντο. οὐδέτεροι agrees substantivally with the implied subject and modifies the participial clause; εἰ introduces an indirect question dependent on ἐλπίδα/ἔχοντες.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | r-------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀποκτείνοντες | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun substantivized as masculine plural subject. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ἀποκτείνοντες | cc | high | Correlative/additive particle. |
| 3 | ἀποκτείνοντες | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | v-sppamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἀπείχοντο | nsubj | high | Present active participle, substantival and coordinated by τε. |
| 4 | ἀπείχοντο | ἀπέχω | VERB | v3piim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect middle, here ‘abstained/held back’. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 4 ἀπείχοντο | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive objects/complements. |
| 6 | αὐχήματος | αὔχημα | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπείχοντο | obl | high | Genitive of what they abstained from. |
| 7 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 4 ἀπείχοντο | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the coordinated abstention. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 9 ὀνειδῶν | cc | high | Coordinates ὀνειδῶν with αὐχήματος. |
| 9 | ὀνειδῶν | ὄνειδος | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἀπείχοντο | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπείχοντο. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχοντές | punct | high | |
| 11 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | d-------- | _ | 12 ἔχοντές | advmod | high | Negates ἔχοντες. |
| 12 | ἔχοντές | ἔχω | VERB | v-sppamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἀπείχοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial present participle with subject controlled by the main subject. |
| 13 | πω | πω | ADV | d-------- | _ | 12 ἔχοντές | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘yet/so far’. |
| 14 | βεβαίαν | βέβαιος | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐλπίδα | amod | high | Agrees with ἐλπίδα. |
| 15 | οὐδέτεροι | οὐδέτερος | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἔχοντές | nsubj | medium | Substantival adjective, ‘neither party’; syntactically subject of ἔχοντες. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐλπίδα | det | high | |
| 17 | ἐλπίδα | ἐλπίς | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχοντές | obj | high | Object of ἔχοντες. |
| 18 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 19 κρατήσουσι | mark | high | Introduces an indirect deliberative/embedded question. |
| 19 | κρατήσουσι | κρατέω | VERB | v3pfia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 17 ἐλπίδα | ccomp | medium | Future question ‘whether they will prevail’; subject is understood from context. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀπείχοντο | punct | high |
παραδοξότατα δὲ ἀπέθνησκον οἱ τῶν κειμένων σκυλεύειν τινὰ ἐπιχειροῦντες· ἢ γὰρ τοῦ σώματος γυμνόν τι ὑποφήναντες ἠκοντίζοντο καὶ ἐτύπτοντο οὐ προορώμενοι διὰ τὴν ἐν τῷ παρόντι ἀσχολίαν, ἢ καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν σκυλευομένων ἔτι ἐμπνεόντων διεφθείροντο.
The sentence has two alternative explanatory clauses introduced by ἢ γὰρ ... ἢ καί; σκυλεύειν τινά is parsed as the infinitival complement of ἐπιχειροῦντες, while ἐμπνεόντων is a genitive participle coordinated semantically with the genitive agent phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παραδοξότατα | παράδοξος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Superlative | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | advmod | high | Adverbial superlative modifying ἀπέθνησκον. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπέθνησκον | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐπιχειροῦντες | det | high | Article substantivizing the participial subject. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 κειμένων | det | high | Article with κειμένων. |
| 6 | κειμένων | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 7 σκυλεύειν | acl | high | Substantival/attributive participle, the fallen. |
| 7 | σκυλεύειν | σκυλεύω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 9 ἐπιχειροῦντες | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on ἐπιχειροῦντες. |
| 8 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | X-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 σκυλεύειν | obj | high | Object of σκυλεύειν, someone/some partitive unspecified person. |
| 9 | ἐπιχειροῦντες | ἐπιχειρέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | nsubj | high | Substantivized nominative participle, subject of ἀπέθνησκον. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | punct | high | Raised dot punctuation. |
| 11 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | cc | high | First alternative coordinated explanatory clause. |
| 12 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | mark | high | Postpositive explanatory connective. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 σώματος | det | high | Article with σώματος. |
| 14 | σώματος | σῶμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ὑποφήναντες | obl | high | Genitive dependent on γυμνόν, ‘of the body’. |
| 15 | γυμνόν | γυμνός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ὑποφήναντες | obj | medium | Accusative object/complement of ὑποφήναντες; substantival ‘a naked part’. |
| 16 | τι | τις | PRON | X-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 15 γυμνόν | det | high | Indefinite modifier of substantival γυμνόν. |
| 17 | ὑποφήναντες | ὑποφαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | advcl | high | Aorist participial circumstance, subject controlled by the attackers. |
| 18 | ἠκοντίζοντο | ἀκοντίζω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Passive | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | conj | high | First coordinated alternative finite verb. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐτύπτοντο | cc | high | Coordinates the two passive outcomes. |
| 20 | ἐτύπτοντο | τύπτω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Passive | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | conj | high | Second coordinated passive verb. |
| 21 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | NEG | Polarity=Neg | 22 προορώμενοι | advmod | high | Negates προορώμενοι. |
| 22 | προορώμενοι | προοράω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, ‘not foreseeing’. |
| 23 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 ἀσχολίαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative ἀσχολίαν. |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἀσχολίαν | det | high | Article with ἀσχολίαν. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 παρόντι | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ παρόντι. |
| 26 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 παρόντι | det | high | Article with substantival παρόντι. |
| 27 | παρόντι | πάρειμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 28 ἀσχολίαν | obl | high | Substantivized participle, ‘the present circumstance/time’. |
| 28 | ἀσχολίαν | ἀσχολία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 προορώμενοι | obl | high | Accusative object of διά. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἠκοντίζοντο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 30 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 διεφθείροντο | cc | high | Second alternative coordinated clause. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 34 σκυλευομένων | advmod | high | Scalar/additive adverb, ‘even/also’. |
| 32 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 33 τῶν | case | high | Agent preposition governing genitive. |
| 33 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 σκυλευομένων | det | high | Article with σκυλευομένων. |
| 34 | σκυλευομένων | σκυλεύω | VERB | V-PPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Passive | 37 διεφθείροντο | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent phrase, ‘by those being despoiled’. |
| 35 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 36 ἐμπνεόντων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἐμπνεόντων. |
| 36 | ἐμπνεόντων | ἐμπνέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 34 σκυλευομένων | acl | high | Genitive absolute-like participle within the agent phrase, ‘while still breathing’. |
| 37 | διεφθείροντο | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Passive | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | conj | high | Second alternative finite verb, coordinated with ἠκοντίζοντο. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀπέθνησκον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |