Grammar parses for passage 4.8.8
Open translation for this passage
ἐμάχοντο δὲ καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς ἀξίως λόγου, Θεόπομπος δὲ καὶ ἀκρατέστερον ὥρμητο ὡς αὐτὸν ἀποκτενῶν Εὐφαῆ.
Two coordinated clauses: ἐμάχοντο has subject οἱ βασιλεῖς, while Θεόπομπος is subject of ὥρμητο; ὡς with the future participle expresses intended purpose. Εὐφαῆ is the accusative object of ἀποκτενῶν, with name inflection uncertain in the tokenization.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐμάχοντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-I המת? | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 13 ὥρμητο | conj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐμάχοντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐμάχοντο | cc | high | Adverbial/coordinating καί; tagged CCONJ. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 5 βασιλεῖς | det | high | |
| 5 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 1 ἐμάχοντο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἀξίως | ἀξίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 ἐμάχοντο | advmod | medium | Adverbial phrase with λόγου: ‘worthily/of note’. |
| 7 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 6 ἀξίως | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀξίως, likely idiomatic ‘worthy of mention’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐμάχοντο | punct | high | |
| 9 | Θεόπομπος | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 13 ὥρμητο | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ὥρμητο | cc | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἀκρατέστερον | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί modifying the comparative adverb. |
| 12 | ἀκρατέστερον | ἀκρατής | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Cmp | 13 ὥρμητο | advmod | high | Comparative adverbial use of the neuter comparative form. |
| 13 | ὥρμητο | ὁρμάω | VERB | V-PI-M-3S? | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pluperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | low | Form is morphologically ambiguous; interpreted as pluperfect middle/passive indicative, ‘had rushed/was impetuous’. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἀποκτενῶν | mark | high | Introduces intentional/purposive participial clause. |
| 15 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 16 ἀποκτενῶν | obj | high | Reflexive-like personal pronoun referring to Εὐφαῆ. |
| 16 | ἀποκτενῶν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-FA-PNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 13 ὥρμητο | advcl | high | Future participle of purpose after ὡς. |
| 17 | Εὐφαῆ | Εὐφαής | PROPN | N---ASM-? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 16 ἀποκτενῶν | obj | low | Proper name form/declension uncertain; syntactically object of ἀποκτενῶν. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὥρμητο | punct | high |
Εὐφαὴς δὲ ὁρῶν ἐπιόντα εἶπεν ἄρα πρὸς τὸν Ἄντανδρον οὐδὲν εἶναι τὰ Θεοπόμπου διάφορα ἢ ὅσα ὁ πρόγονος αὐτοῦ Πολυνείκης ἐτόλμησε· Πολυνείκην τε γὰρ στρατιὰν ἐπὶ τὴν πατρίδα ἀγαγόντα ἐξ Ἄργους ἀποκτεῖναι τὸν ἀδελφὸν αὐτοχειρὶ καὶ ἀποθανεῖν ὑπὸ ἐκείνου, Θεόπομπόν τε ἐθέλειν ἐς τὸ ἴσον καταστῆσαι μιάσματος τοῖς ἀπὸ Λαΐου καὶ Οἰδίποδος τὸ Ἡρακλειδῶν γένος· οὐ μέντοι χαίροντά γε ἀπὸ τῆς μάχης διακριθήσεσθαι.
Infinitival complements depend on εἶπεν: οὐδὲν ... εἶναι is the comparison thesis, with coordinated accusative subjects Πολυνείκην and Θεόπομπόν in explanatory infinitival clauses; the final διακριθήσεσθαι is a prospective passive infinitive. Some attachment of ὁρῶν and the comparison phrase is interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐφαὴς | Εὐφαής | PROPN | -------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | Personal name, subject of εἶπεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 5 εἶπεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁρῶν | ὁράω | VERB | PAPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἶπεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle, subject coreferential with Εὐφαής. |
| 4 | ἐπιόντα | ἔπειμι | VERB | PAPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ὁρῶν | obj | medium | Accusative participle, object of ὁρῶν; referent is implicit/uncertain. |
| 5 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | -------- | _ | 5 εἶπεν | discourse | medium | Inferential particle. |
| 7 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | -------- | _ | 9 Ἄντανδρον | case | high | |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-SAMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἄντανδρον | det | high | |
| 9 | Ἄντανδρον | Ἄντανδρος | PROPN | N-SAMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 εἶπεν | obl | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 10 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-SNAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 11 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | VPAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἶπεν | ccomp | high | |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-PNAN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 διάφορα | det | high | Article with substantivized/nominal διάφορα. |
| 13 | Θεοπόμπου | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | N-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 διάφορα | nmod | high | |
| 14 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | A-PNAN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἶναι. |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 14 διάφορα | cc | high | Introduces comparative clause. |
| 16 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | P-NPAN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ἐτόλμησε | obj | medium | Relative/quantitative pronoun, object of ἐτόλμησε. |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-SNMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρόγονος | det | high | |
| 18 | πρόγονος | πρόγονος | NOUN | N-SNMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐτόλμησε | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρόγονος | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 20 | Πολυνείκης | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-SMNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρόγονος | appos | high | Apposition to πρόγονος. |
| 21 | ἐτόλμησε | τολμάω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 διάφορα | advcl | medium | Clause under comparative ἤ. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high | |
| 23 | Πολυνείκην | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-SMAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive ἀποκτεῖναι. |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 Πολυνείκην | cc | high | First member of τε ... τε coordination. |
| 25 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | cc | high | Explanatory conjunction. |
| 26 | στρατιὰν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-SFAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἀγαγόντα | obj | high | Object of ἀγαγόντα. |
| 27 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | -------- | _ | 29 πατρίδα | case | high | |
| 28 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 πατρίδα | det | high | |
| 29 | πατρίδα | πατρίς | NOUN | N-SFAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἀγαγόντα | obl | high | Goal/direction with ἐπί. |
| 30 | ἀγαγόντα | ἄγω | VERB | VAAAMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | advcl | high | Participial adjunct with accusative subject Πολυνείκην. |
| 31 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | -------- | _ | 32 Ἄργους | case | high | |
| 32 | Ἄργους | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἀγαγόντα | obl | high | Source with ἐξ. |
| 33 | ἀποκτεῖναι | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | VAAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 44 ἐθέλειν | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated with ἀποθανεῖν and dependent on ἐθέλειν in the explanatory sequence. |
| 34 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-SMAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀδελφὸν | det | high | |
| 35 | ἀδελφὸν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-SMAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | obj | high | |
| 36 | αὐτοχειρὶ | αὐτόχειρ | ADJ | A-SFAN | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | obl | medium | Instrumental/dative adverbial, ‘with his own hand’. |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 38 ἀποθανεῖν | cc | high | |
| 38 | ἀποθανεῖν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | VAOAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 44 ἐθέλειν | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive. |
| 39 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 40 ἐκείνου | case | high | |
| 40 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 ἀποθανεῖν | obl:agent | high | Agent of passive-like ἀποθανεῖν. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 ἐθέλειν | punct | high | |
| 42 | Θεόπομπόν | Θεόπομπος | PROPN | N-SMAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἐθέλειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἐθέλειν. |
| 43 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 42 Θεόπομπόν | cc | high | Second member of τε ... τε coordination. |
| 44 | ἐθέλειν | ἐθέλω | VERB | VPAAAΝ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 εἶπεν | ccomp | high | Second explanatory infinitival complement of εἶπεν. |
| 45 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | -------- | _ | 47 ἴσον | case | high | |
| 46 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 47 ἴσον | det | high | |
| 47 | ἴσον | ἴσος | ADJ | A-SNAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 48 καταστῆσαι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective with εἰς. |
| 48 | καταστῆσαι | καθίστημι | VERB | VAAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 44 ἐθέλειν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἐθέλειν. |
| 49 | μιάσματος | μίασμα | NOUN | N-SNGN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 47 ἴσον | nmod | medium | Genitive of respect/content with τὸ ἴσον; attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 50 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-PDMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 57 γένος | det | high | |
| 51 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 52 Λαΐου | case | high | |
| 52 | Λαΐου | Λάιος | PROPN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 56 Ἡρακλειδῶν | nmod | high | Name in genealogical phrase. |
| 53 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 54 Οἰδίποδος | cc | high | |
| 54 | Οἰδίποδος | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 52 Λαΐου | conj | high | Coordinated genealogical name; shared ἀπό. |
| 55 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-SNAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 57 γένος | det | high | |
| 56 | Ἡρακλειδῶν | Ἡρακλείδης | PROPN | N-PG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 57 γένος | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the γένος. |
| 57 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-SNAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 48 καταστῆσαι | obj | high | Object of καταστῆσαι. |
| 58 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high | |
| 59 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | -------- | _ | 66 διακριθήσεσθαι | advmod | high | Negates χαίροντά. |
| 60 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | -------- | _ | 66 διακριθήσεσθαι | discourse | high | Adversative particle. |
| 61 | χαίροντά | χαίρω | VERB | PAPMSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 66 διακριθήσεσθαι | advcl | medium | Participial adjunct with implicit accusative subject, likely Θεόπομπον. |
| 62 | γε | γε | PART | -------- | _ | 61 χαίροντά | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 63 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 65 μάχης | case | high | |
| 64 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-SFSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 65 μάχης | det | high | |
| 65 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-SFSG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 66 διακριθήσεσθαι | obl | high | Source/separation with ἀπό. |
| 66 | διακριθήσεσθαι | διακρίνω | VERB | VFPUN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Pass | 5 εἶπεν | ccomp | high | Final infinitive, coordinated semantically with preceding explanatory infinitives; subject is implicit. |
| 67 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶπεν | punct | high |
τοιαῦτα ἐπιλέγων ἀντεπῄει καὶ οὗτος.
The participle ἐπιλέγων is a nominative masculine singular circumstantial participle modifying the demonstrative subject οὗτος; ἀντεπῄει is the finite root verb. τοιαῦτα is its neuter plural accusative object/content.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοιαῦτα | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-NPM/PN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 2 ἐπιλέγων | obj | high | |
| 2 | ἐπιλέγων | ἐπιλέγω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἀντεπῄει | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle; subject is οὗτος. |
| 3 | ἀντεπῄει | ἀντέπειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἀντεπῄει | cc | high | |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀντεπῄει | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀντεπῄει | punct | high |