Grammar parses for passage 4.9.5
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα τοῦ θεοῦ δηλώσαντος αὐτίκα ἐκληροῦντο ὅσαι παρθένοι τοῦ Αἰπυτιδῶν γένους ἦσαν·
Genitive absolute ταῦτα τοῦ θεοῦ δηλώσαντος governs the following main clause; ὅσαι παρθένοι ... ἦσαν is a relative subject clause specifying which women were allotted, with ἐκληροῦντο as the main predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | APN-NA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 ἐκληροῦντο | obj | high | |
| 2 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 3 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 δηλώσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-subject noun in the genitive absolute. |
| 4 | δηλώσαντος | δηλόω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐκληροῦντο | advcl | high | Aorist active participle in a genitive absolute. |
| 5 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἐκληροῦντο | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἐκληροῦντο | κληρόω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Imperfect passive, ‘were allotted/drawn by lot’; the subject is the following relative clause. |
| 7 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | PRON | ARF-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 8 παρθένοι | det | high | Relative determiner modifying παρθένοι. |
| 8 | παρθένοι | παρθένος | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἐκληροῦντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκληροῦντο, further characterized by the relative clause. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 γένους | det | high | |
| 10 | Αἰπυτιδῶν | Αἰπυτίδης | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 γένους | nmod | high | Patronymic plural genitive modifying γένους. |
| 11 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἦσαν | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἦσαν: ‘were of the lineage’. |
| 12 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin | 8 παρθένοι | acl:relcl | high | Copular relative-clause predicate; παρθένοι is the understood subject. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐκληροῦντο | punct | high |
καὶ ἐπελάμβανε γὰρ Λυκίσκου θυγατέρα ὁ κλῆρος, ταύτην Ἐπήβολος ὁ μάντις ἀπηγόρευεν ὡς οὐ δέοι θύειν, οὐ γὰρ εἶναι Λυκίσκου·
The second clause has ταύτην as the object of ἀπηγόρευεν, with ὡς introducing the reported prohibition; δέοι and εἶναι are optative/infinitive in indirect discourse. The final Λυκίσκου is a genitive predicate with εἶναι, meaning that the victim was not Ly(c)iscus's (daughter) / did not belong to Ly(c)iscus; exact ellipsis is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐπελάμβανε | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | Part | _ | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Λυκίσκου | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Patronymic/possessive genitive. |
| 5 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | obj | high | |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κλῆρος | det | high | |
| 7 | κλῆρος | κλῆρος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | nsubj | high | The lot is the subject of ἐπελάμβανε. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | punct | high | |
| 9 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπηγόρευεν | obj | high | Refers to θυγατέρα. |
| 10 | Ἐπήβολος | Ἐπήβολος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπηγόρευεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 μάντις | det | high | |
| 12 | μάντις | μάντις | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Ἐπήβολος | appos | high | Apposition to Ἐπήβολος. |
| 13 | ἀπηγόρευεν | ἀπαγορεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | parataxis | high | Coordinates a new finite clause after the comma. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Conj | _ | 16 δέοι | mark | medium | Introduces reported content; attachment to δέοι is analytically preferable. |
| 15 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Adv | Polarity=Neg | 16 δέοι | advmod | high | |
| 16 | δέοι | δεῖ | VERB | V-PAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἀπηγόρευεν | ccomp | medium | Impersonal optative in reported discourse; some analyses treat this as a finite complement of ἀπηγόρευεν. |
| 17 | θύειν | θύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 δέοι | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on impersonal δεῖ/δέοι. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 16 δέοι | punct | high | |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Adv | Polarity=Neg | 21 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 20 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | Part | _ | 21 εἶναι | discourse | high | |
| 21 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 δέοι | ccomp | medium | Second infinitival content clause, coordinated/paratactic with the preceding prohibition. |
| 22 | Λυκίσκου | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 εἶναι | obl | low | Genitive of possession/origin with elliptical predicate: ‘not [the property/daughter] of Ly(c)iscus’; exact syntactic analysis is uncertain. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 2 ἐπελάμβανε | punct | high |
τὴν δὲ γυναῖκα ἣ Λυκίσκῳ συνῴκησεν, ὡς τεκεῖν οὔκουν οἵα τε ἦν, ἐν τούτῳ τὴν παῖδα ὑποβαλέσθαι.
The sentence is an accusative-and-infinitive construction with γυναῖκα as the understood subject of ὑποβαλέσθαι; the relative clause and the ὡς clause explain the circumstances. The supplied form ἣ is analyzed as accusative relative, though its surface form is ambiguous in some traditions.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 γυναῖκα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 γυναῖκα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ὑποβαλέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative object of ὑποβαλέσθαι. |
| 4 | ἣ | ὅς | PRON | REL-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 6 συνῴκησεν | obj | medium | Relative pronoun referring to γυναῖκα; accusative object of συνῴκησεν in the sense ‘the woman whom he lived with’. |
| 5 | Λυκίσκῳ | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | N-DAT-SG-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 συνῴκησεν | obl | high | Dative partner with συνῳκέω. |
| 6 | συνῴκησεν | συνοικέω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 γυναῖκα | acl:relcl | medium | Relative-clause verb; subject is implicit, likely Λυκίσκος. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 συνῴκησεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἦν | mark | medium | Introduces the causal/explanatory clause with οὔκουν οἵα τε ἦν. |
| 9 | τεκεῖν | τίκτω | VERB | V-AOR-ACT-INF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 οἵα | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of οἵα τε ἦν. |
| 10 | οὔκουν | οὔκουν | PART | PART-NEG | Polarity=Neg | 13 ἦν | advmod | medium | Negative particle, likely ‘therefore not’ or emphatic οὐ; exact discourse value uncertain. |
| 11 | οἵα | οἷος | ADJ | ADJ-NOM-SG-FEM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἦν | acomp | high | Predicate adjective with implicit feminine subject referring to γυναῖκα. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 11 οἵα | advmod:emph | high | Part of the idiom οἵα τε εἶναι ‘be able/capable’. |
| 13 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IMP-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ὑποβαλέσθαι | advcl | medium | Imperfect of εἰμί governing the capability clause; subject is implicit γυναῖκα. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP-DAT | _ | 16 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 16 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | DEM-DAT-SG-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 ὑποβαλέσθαι | obl | medium | Temporal/instrumental phrase ‘in this circumstance/at this point’; masculine/neuter form is textually as supplied. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 18 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ACC-SG-FEM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ὑποβαλέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of ὑποβαλέσθαι. |
| 19 | ὑποβαλέσθαι | ὑποβάλλω | VERB | V-AOR-MID-INF | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive, with γυναῖκα as its understood subject. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ὑποβαλέσθαι | punct | high |
ἐν ὅσῳ δὲ οὗτος ἀνεδίδασκε τὰ ἐς αὐτήν, ἐν τοσῷδε ὁ Λυκίσκος ἀπαγόμενος ἅμα καὶ τὴν παρθένον ηὐτομόλησεν ἐς Σπάρτην.
The sentence has a temporal correlative frame (ἐν ὅσῳ … ἐν τοσῷδε); the participle ἀπαγόμενος is attached to the main clause and describes Lyciscus while being led away.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 ὅσῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | ὅσῳ | ὅσος | PRON | ADJ-PRON Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνεδίδασκε | obl | high | Temporal comparative-correlative phrase: ἐν ὅσῳ. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἀνεδίδασκε | cc | high | |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Demonstrative Nom.Sg.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἀνεδίδασκε | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἀνεδίδασκε | ἀναδιδάσκω | VERB | V- Impf Act Ind 3 Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | advcl | high | Verb of the temporal subordinate clause. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art Acc.Pl.Ntr | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἐς | det | high | Substantivized article, object of ἀνεδίδασκε. |
| 7 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 αὐτήν | case | high | |
| 8 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | Pers/Intens Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 ἀνεδίδασκε | obl | high | With substantivized τὰ: matters concerning her. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀνεδίδασκε | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 τοσῷδε | case | high | |
| 11 | τοσῷδε | τοσόσδε | PRON | Demonstrative Dat.Sg.Masc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | obl | high | Correlative temporal phrase: ἐν τοσῷδε, ‘in the meantime/to that extent’. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art Nom.Sg.Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Λυκίσκος | det | high | |
| 13 | Λυκίσκος | Λυκίσκος | PROPN | N- Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | ἀπαγόμενος | ἀπάγω | VERB | V- Pres Mid/Pas Ptcp Nom Sg Masc | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | advcl | high | Concessive/temporal participle, ‘while being led away’. |
| 15 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ἀπαγόμενος | advmod | medium | Adverbial accompaniment, modifying the participial circumstance. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | cc | medium | Coordinating/additive particle introducing the second coordinated action. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art Acc.Sg.Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 παρθένον | det | high | |
| 18 | παρθένον | παρθένος | NOUN | N- Acc Sg Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | obj | high | Object of ηὐτομόλησεν. |
| 19 | ηὐτομόλησεν | αὐτομολέω | VERB | V- Aor Act Ind 3 Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 20 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 21 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N- Acc Sg Fem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ηὐτομόλησεν | punct | high |