Grammar parses for passage 5.1.1
Open translation for this passage
ὅσοι δὲ Ἑλλήνων Πελοποννήσου πέντε εἶναι μοίρας καὶ οὐ πλείονάς φασιν, ἀνάγκη σφᾶς ὁμολογεῖν ὡς ἐν τῇ Ἀρκάδων οἰκοῦσιν Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Ἀρκάδες, δευτέρα δὲ Ἀχαιῶν, τρεῖς δὲ ἐπὶ ταύταις αἱ Δωριέων.
The sentence contains several elliptical nominal clauses after φασιν, so some heads and labels are necessarily approximate, especially in the second half.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Pd-p---mn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 11 φασιν | nsubj | high | Relative/pronominal subject of φασιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 φασιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | PROPN | Np-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 4 Πελοποννήσου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Πελοποννήσου. |
| 4 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | Np-s---fg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 7 μοίρας | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of μοίρας. |
| 5 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | Ma-p---na- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 7 μοίρας | nummod | high | Numeric modifier of μοίρας. |
| 6 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασιν. |
| 7 | μοίρας | μοῖρα | NOUN | Nb-p---fa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 6 εἶναι | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of εἶναι; syntax is somewhat compressed. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 πλείονάς | cc | high | Connects coordinated adjective phrase. |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 10 πλείονάς | advmod | high | Negation of πλείονάς. |
| 10 | πλείονάς | πλείων | ADJ | A-p---fa- | Case=Accusative|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 7 μοίρας | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier agreeing with μοίρας; accusative plural feminine form. |
| 11 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | Nb-s---fn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | nsubj | high | Impersonal predicate noun with infinitive complement. |
| 14 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp-p---aa- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|Person=3 | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | obj | high | Object of ὁμολογεῖν. |
| 15 | ὁμολογεῖν | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 ἀνάγκη | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἀνάγκη. |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | mark | medium | Introduces subordinate content clause; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρκάδων. |
| 19 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | Np-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | medium | Genitive in the phrase with ἐν; text may be corrupt or compressed. |
| 20 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | ccomp | high | Finite clause dependent on ὁμολογεῖν. |
| 21 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-p---mn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of οἰκοῦσιν. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 Ἀρκάδες | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀρκάδες with Ἠλεῖοι. |
| 23 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | A-p---mn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 21 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | Coordinated subject. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | δευτέρα | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-s---fn- | Case=Nominative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Elliptical nominal/adjectival fragment; likely 'second' (i.e. second division). |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 25 δευτέρα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 27 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | Np-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 25 δευτέρα | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of implied μοίρα/ἐστίν. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 δευτέρα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | M-p---fn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Another elliptical fragment, likely 'three' divisions. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 29 τρεῖς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 31 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 τρεῖς | case | high | Preposition. |
| 32 | ταύταις | οὗτος | DET | Pd-p---fd- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|PronType=Dem | 34 Δωριέων | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Δωριέων. |
| 33 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---fn- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 34 Δωριέων | det | high | Article modifying Δωριέων. |
| 34 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | Np-p---mg- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 29 τρεῖς | obl | medium | Genitive phrase in elliptical nominal clause. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 τρεῖς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
γένη δὲ οἰκεῖ Πελοπόννησον Ἀρκάδες μὲν αὐτόχθονες καὶ Ἀχαιοί·
Syntax is straightforward: οἰκεῖ is the root with Πελοπόννησον as object and a coordinated nominative subject Ἀρκάδες ... καὶ Ἀχαιοί; γένη is somewhat uncertain in isolation but is treated as the object/predicate noun tied to the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γένη | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 οἰκεῖ | obj | medium | Likely accusative plural object with a finite verb; form may also be read differently in isolation. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 οἰκεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἰκεῖ | οἰκέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, taken as sentence root. |
| 4 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 οἰκεῖ | obj | high | Accusative direct object of οἰκεῖ. |
| 5 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 οἰκεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of οἰκεῖ. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 5 Ἀρκάδες | discourse | high | Correlative particle modifying the first conjunct. |
| 7 | αὐτόχθονες | αὐτόχθων | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀρκάδες | amod | high | Predicate-like or attributive adjective with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 Ἀχαιοί | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀχαιοί with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 9 | Ἀχαιοί | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀρκάδες | conj | high | Second conjunct of the subject. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 οἰκεῖ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ Δωριέων ἐκ τῆς σφετέρας ἀνέστησαν, οὐ μέντοι Πελοποννήσου γε ἐξεχώρησαν, ἀλλὰ ἐκβαλόντες Ἴωνας νέμονται τὸν Αἰγιαλὸν τὸ ἀρχαῖον, νῦν δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν τούτων καλούμενον·
The sentence has a chain of coordinated clauses; the final participial phrase modifies Αἰγιαλόν, though καλούμενον shows an apparent agreement mismatch.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR|PronType=Art | 9 ἀνέστησαν | nsubj | medium | Article used substantively with implicit referent. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 2 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Δωριέων | case | high | Marks agent/source. |
| 5 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR | 9 ἀνέστησαν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 7 τῆς | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=FEM|Number=SG|PronType=Art | 8 σφετέρας | det | high | Article modifying σφετέρας. |
| 8 | σφετέρας | σφέτερος | ADJ | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=FEM|Number=SG | 9 ἀνέστησαν | obl | medium | Possessive adjective used substantively; probably with understood noun. |
| 9 | ἀνέστησαν | ἀνίστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=PLUR|Person=3|Tense=AOR|Voice=ACT | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of first clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | advmod | high | Negation of ἐξεχώρησαν. |
| 12 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | discourse | high | Adversative particle. |
| 13 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=FEM|Number=SG | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | obl | high | Genitive complement with verb of leaving/separating. |
| 14 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 13 Πελοποννήσου | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 15 | ἐξεχώρησαν | ἐκχωρέω | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=PLUR|Person=3|Tense=AOR|Voice=ACT | 9 ἀνέστησαν | conj | high | Second coordinated verb under the first clause. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 νέμονται | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 18 | ἐκβαλόντες | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | _ | Case=NOM|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR|Tense=AOR|VerbForm=PART|Voice=ACT | 20 νέμονται | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, likely same subject as νέμονται. |
| 19 | Ἴωνας | Ἴων | PROPN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR | 18 ἐκβαλόντες | obj | high | Direct object of ἐκβαλόντες. |
| 20 | νέμονται | νέμω | VERB | _ | Mood=IND|Number=PLUR|Person=3|Tense=PRES|Voice=MID | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | conj | high | Main verb of the contrasted clause. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=SG|PronType=Art | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | det | high | Article modifying Αἰγιαλόν. |
| 22 | Αἰγιαλὸν | Αἰγιαλός | PROPN | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=MASC|Number=SG | 20 νέμονται | obj | high | Object of νέμονται. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG|PronType=Art | 24 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article modifying ἀρχαῖον. |
| 24 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying Αἰγιαλόν. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 νέμονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 26 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | _ | _ | 32 καλούμενον | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying participle. |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 32 καλούμενον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 28 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR|PronType=Art | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | Article modifying Ἀχαιῶν. |
| 30 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR | 32 καλούμενον | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό. |
| 31 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=GEN|Gender=MASC|Number=PLUR|PronType=Dem | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Ἀχαιῶν. |
| 32 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=ACC|Gender=NEUT|Number=SG|Tense=PRES|VerbForm=PART|Voice=MID | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | acl | medium | Agreeing participle with Αἰγιαλόν; gender mismatch in surface form may reflect textual/syntactic irregularity. |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 νέμονται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |