Grammar parses for passage 5.1.1
Open translation for this passage
ὅσοι δὲ Ἑλλήνων Πελοποννήσου πέντε εἶναι μοίρας καὶ οὐ πλείονάς φασιν, ἀνάγκη σφᾶς ὁμολογεῖν ὡς ἐν τῇ Ἀρκάδων οἰκοῦσιν Ἠλεῖοι καὶ Ἀρκάδες, δευτέρα δὲ Ἀχαιῶν, τρεῖς δὲ ἐπὶ ταύταις αἱ Δωριέων.
The latter enumeration is elliptical: δεύτερα/τρεῖς μοῖραι are understood; Δωριέων is morphologically genitive plural but functions in the transmitted token sequence as the ethnic designation of the final group.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 φασιν | nsubj | high | Substantival relative pronoun, subject of φασιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 μοίρας | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μοίρας, partitive/ethnic specification. |
| 4 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Ἑλλήνων | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent within the quantified group. |
| 5 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 μοίρας | nummod | high | Numeral agreeing notionally with μοίρας. |
| 6 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement after φασιν. |
| 7 | μοίρας | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 πλείονάς | cc | high | |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D- | Polarity=Neg | 10 πλείονάς | advmod | high | |
| 10 | πλείονάς | πλείων | ADJ | A-APF-C | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 μοίρας | conj | medium | Elided μοίρας; coordinated quantified predicate/object. |
| 11 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | expl | medium | Impersonal necessity construction with infinitive. |
| 14 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | obj | high | Object/understood accusative subject of ὁμολογεῖν. |
| 15 | ὁμολογεῖν | ὁμολογέω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασιν | parataxis | medium | Infinitive in necessity expression, loosely coordinated with preceding assertion. |
| 16 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | case | high | |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | obl | high | Genitive plural ethnic name with understood γῇ/χώρα. |
| 20 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ὁμολογεῖν | ccomp | high | Predicate of the ὡς content clause. |
| 21 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 Ἀρκάδες | cc | high | |
| 23 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Ἠλεῖοι | conj | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 25 | δευτέρα | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 Ἀχαιῶν | amod | medium | Predicative/elliptical μοῖρα, feminine singular. |
| 26 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 δευτέρα | cc | high | |
| 27 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | conj | medium | Elliptical second group, dependent on omitted μοῖρα/μοῖραι. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 29 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 34 Δωριέων | nummod | high | Elliptical μοῖραι, feminine plural. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 τρεῖς | cc | high | |
| 31 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 ταύταις | case | high | |
| 32 | ταύταις | οὗτος | PRON | D-DPF | Case=Dat|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 τρεῖς | obl | high | ἐπὶ ταύταις means in addition to these. |
| 33 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 34 Δωριέων | det | high | Article with substantivized ethnic adjective. |
| 34 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 οἰκοῦσιν | conj | low | Form is genitive plural in standard morphology, but context requires an elliptical nominative plural group; retained as nominal ethnic label with uncertain analysis. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 φασιν | punct | high |
γένη δὲ οἰκεῖ Πελοπόννησον Ἀρκάδες μὲν αὐτόχθονες καὶ Ἀχαιοί·
The syntax is compressed: γένη is the accusative plural neuter object of οἰκεῖ, while Πελοπόννησον is a second accusative object/place complement; Ἀρκάδες and Ἀχαιοί form the coordinated subject, with singular οἰκεῖ likely reflecting collective or textual usage.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γένη | γένος | NOUN | n----na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 οἰκεῖ | obj | high | Accusative plural neuter object of οἰκεῖ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 οἰκεῖ | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | οἰκεῖ | οἰκέω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; singular agrees with the collective subject Ἀρκάδες καὶ Ἀχαιοί only imperfectly in surface form, or reflects an impersonal/collective construction. |
| 4 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 οἰκεῖ | obj | high | Accusative place-name, object of οἰκεῖ. |
| 5 | Ἀρκάδες | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 οἰκεῖ | nsubj | high | Named nominative subject. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 5 Ἀρκάδες | discourse | high | Correlative particle anticipating a following contrast or continuation. |
| 7 | αὐτόχθονες | αὐτόχθων | ADJ | a-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀρκάδες | amod | high | Predicative/descriptive adjective agreeing with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 Ἀρκάδες | cc | high | Coordinates the second named group with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 9 | Ἀχαιοί | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | n-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀρκάδες | conj | high | Second nominative named subject coordinated with Ἀρκάδες. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 οἰκεῖ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καὶ οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ Δωριέων ἐκ τῆς σφετέρας ἀνέστησαν, οὐ μέντοι Πελοποννήσου γε ἐξεχώρησαν, ἀλλὰ ἐκβαλόντες Ἴωνας νέμονται τὸν Αἰγιαλὸν τὸ ἀρχαῖον, νῦν δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν τούτων καλούμενον·
The sentence has coordinated clauses: οἱ ... ἀνέστησαν and (οὐ μέντοι) ἐξεχώρησαν, followed by ἀλλὰ νέμονται with participial ἐκβαλόντες. The phrase τὸ ἀρχαῖον modifies Αἰγιαλόν; καλούμενον agrees with Αἰγιαλόν and τούτων is ablative with ἀπό.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέστησαν | nsubj | high | Substantivized article. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later ἀλλά/δέ. |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Δωριέων | case | high | |
| 5 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | NPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέστησαν | obl:agent | high | Agent of passive-like ἀνέστησαν. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 τῆς | case | high | |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 σφετέρας | det | high | |
| 8 | σφετέρας | σφέτερος | DET | A-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Poss=Yes|Reflex=Yes | 9 ἀνέστησαν | obl | medium | Substantivized possessive adjective: ‘their own [land]’. |
| 9 | ἀνέστησαν | ἀνίστημι | VERB | V3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Intransitive aorist, ‘rose/withdrew’. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | punct | high | |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | PART | _ | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | discourse | high | Adversative discourse particle. |
| 13 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | obl | high | Genitive of separation with ἐκχωρέω. |
| 14 | γε | γε | PART | PART | _ | 13 Πελοποννήσου | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 15 | ἐξεχώρησαν | ἐκχωρέω | VERB | V3PAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἀνέστησαν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἀνέστησαν. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 15 ἐξεχώρησαν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 νέμονται | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἐκβαλόντες | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 νέμονται | advcl | high | Aorist participle, anterior to νέμονται. |
| 19 | Ἴωνας | Ἴων | PROPN | NPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐκβαλόντες | obj | high | |
| 20 | νέμονται | νέμω | VERB | V3P قMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 ἀνέστησαν | conj | medium | Middle voice: ‘occupy/possess’; token morphology is unambiguous despite lexical voice nuance. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | det | high | |
| 22 | Αἰγιαλὸν | Αἰγιαλός | PROPN | NPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 νέμονται | obj | high | The Aigialos/coastal region. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἀρχαῖον | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 24 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | appos | high | Substantivized temporal qualifier: ‘in ancient times’. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | punct | high | |
| 26 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | ADV | _ | 32 καλούμενον | advmod | high | |
| 27 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 καλούμενον | cc | high | Contrasting discourse marker. |
| 28 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | case | high | |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | |
| 30 | Ἀχαιῶν | Ἀχαιός | PROPN | NPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 καλούμενον | obl | high | Source/name in the phrase ἀπὸ τῶν Ἀχαιῶν. |
| 31 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | PD | Case=Gen|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ἀχαιῶν | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 32 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 Αἰγιαλὸν | acl | high | Participial relative-like modifier of Αἰγιαλόν; νῦν modifies the naming. |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἀνέστησαν | punct | high |