Grammar parses for passage 4.36.7
Open translation for this passage
ἀφικομένων δὲ ἐς Κυπαρισσιὰς ἐκ Πύλου σφίσι πηγὴ ὑπὸ τῇ πόλει πλησίον θαλάσσης ἐστί·
Genitive absolute ἀφικομένων δὲ ... supplies the temporal circumstance; πηγὴ is the existential subject of ἐστί, with σφίσι as ethical/possessive dative and πλησίον θαλάσσης as a locative adverbial phrase. The attachment of ὑπὸ τῇ πόλει is locally descriptive and somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφικομένων | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-PP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐστί | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; subject is implicit/contextual. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἀφικομένων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 4 Κυπαρισσιὰς | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | Κυπαρισσιὰς | Κυπαρισσιαί | PROPN | N-AP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἀφικομένων | obl | high | Destination of arrival. |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 6 Πύλου | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 6 | Πύλου | Πύλος | PROPN | N-GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀφικομένων | obl | high | Point of departure. |
| 7 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 8 πηγὴ | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, plausibly ethical or possessive with πηγὴ. |
| 8 | πηγὴ | πηγή | NOUN | N-NS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστί | nsubj | high | Existential subject of ἐστί. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 11 πόλει | case | medium | Locative relation; exact semantic nuance is context-dependent. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πόλει | det | high | |
| 11 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 πηγὴ | obl | high | Locative complement modifying πηγὴ. |
| 12 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D | _ | 13 θαλάσσης | advmod | high | Adverb governing or modifying the following genitive. |
| 13 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 πηγὴ | obl | high | Genitive dependent on πλησίον; phrase locates the spring near the sea. |
| 14 | ἐστί | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστί | punct | high |
ῥυῆναι δὲ Διονύσῳ τὸ ὕδωρ λέγουσι θύρσῳ πλήξαντι ἐς τὴν γῆν, καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ Διονυσιάδα ὀνομάζουσι τὴν πηγήν.
Infinitival subject construction: λέγουσι takes the accusative-and-infinitive ὕδωρ ῥυῆναι, with Διονύσῳ as dative of agent/source; πλήξαντι is a dative circumstantial participle agreeing with Διονύσῳ. In the second clause, Διονυσιάδα is a predicative accusative naming τὴν πηγήν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ῥυῆναι | ῥέω | VERB | V--ANM-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 6 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive complement of λέγουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 λέγουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | Διονύσῳ | Διόνυσος | PROPN | Ne-d----- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πλήξαντι | obl:agent | medium | Dative associated with the passive infinitive and also controlling the participle; interpreted as agent/source. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S----NA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 5 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | S----NA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ῥυῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 6 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | θύρσῳ | θύρσος | NOUN | S----ND--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 πλήξαντι | obl:instr | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 8 | πλήξαντι | πλήσσω | VERB | V-|-ADPD---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Διονύσῳ | advcl | high | Dative participle agreeing with Διονύσῳ. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 γῆν | case | high | |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 γῆν | det | high | |
| 11 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | S----FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 πλήξαντι | obl | high | Goal complement of πλήξαντι with ἐς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ὀνομάζουσι | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite clause. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 15 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | P-----ND--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ὀνομάζουσι | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, meaning on this account/in consequence. |
| 16 | Διονυσιάδα | Διονυσιάς | ADJ | A----FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὀνομάζουσι | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative/name complement of ὀνομάζουσι; adjective used substantivally as a name. |
| 17 | ὀνομάζουσι | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-3PPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσι | conj | high | |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S----FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 πηγήν | det | high | |
| 19 | πηγήν | πηγή | NOUN | S----FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὀνομάζουσι | obj | high | |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσι | punct | high |
ἐν δὲ Αὐλῶνι καλουμένῳ ναὸς Ἀσκληπιοῦ καὶ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν Αὐλωνίου·
The locative phrase ἐν Αὐλῶνι καλουμένῳ contains a participle agreeing with Αὐλῶνι; ναὸς and ἄγαλμα are coordinated subjects of ἐστιν, with their respective genitives as possessors/attributes. The accentless final -ά in ἄγαλμά is treated as the tokenized form of ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 Αὐλῶνι | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Αὐλῶνι | Αὐλών | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | obl | high | Place name in the dative governed by ἐν. |
| 4 | καλουμένῳ | καλέω | VERB | V-PPM-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 3 Αὐλῶνι | acl | high | Perfectly compatible attributive passive participle, ‘called/named’. |
| 5 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ναὸς | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἄγαλμά | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἄγαλμά | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ναὸς | conj | high | Coordinated with ναός; token accentuation reflects the supplied text. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb; singular agreement is unproblematic with coordinated mixed-gender subjects in Greek. |
| 10 | Αὐλωνίου | Αὐλώνιος | PROPN | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἄγαλμά | nmod | high | Genitive relational adjective/name, ‘of Aulon’. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high |
κατὰ τοῦτο ὁ ποταμὸς ἡ Νέδα μεταξὺ τῆς τε Μεσσηνίας ἤδη καὶ τῆς Ἠλείας διέξεισιν.
The river Νέδα is the subject; ἡ Νέδα is an appositional/name phrase with ποταμός. μεταξὺ governs the coordinated genitives Μεσσηνίας and Ἠλείας; κατὰ τοῦτο is an adverbial prepositional phrase. The form διέξεισιν is parsed as present active διέξειμι, ‘passes through/between’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R- | Case=Acc | 15 διέξεισιν | obl | high | Accusative government with τοῦτο. |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κατὰ | obj | high | Demonstrative accusative governed by κατά. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμὸς | det | high | |
| 4 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 διέξεισιν | nsubj | high | Common-noun subject, in apposition to the following feminine river name. |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Νέδα | det | high | |
| 6 | Νέδα | Νέδα | PROPN | NE--NFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ποταμὸς | appos | high | River name in apposition to ποταμός. |
| 7 | μεταξὺ | μεταξύ | ADP | R- | Case=Gen | 15 διέξεισιν | obl | high | Preposition/adverb governing the following genitive phrase. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Μεσσηνίας | det | high | |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 Μεσσηνίας | cc | medium | Postpositive enclitic coordinating the two genitive place names; attached here to the first conjunct. |
| 10 | Μεσσηνίας | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | NE--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μεταξὺ | obl | high | First genitive complement of μεταξύ. |
| 11 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 διέξεισιν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the finite verb. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 14 Ἠλείας | cc | high | Coordinates the second genitive place-name phrase. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Ἠλείας | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἠλείας | Ἦλις | PROPN | NE--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Μεσσηνίας | conj | high | Second genitive conjunct, coordinated with Μεσσηνίας. |
| 15 | διέξεισιν | διέξειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Parsed as present active διέξειμι; exact lexical segmentation may be uncertain. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 διέξεισιν | punct | high |