Grammar parses for passage 4.36.6
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ λιμένος δὲ ἡ Σφακτηρία νῆσος προβέβληται, καθάπερ τοῦ ὅρμου τοῦ Δηλίων ἡ Ῥήνεια·
Σφακτηρία νῆσος is the subject of προβέβληται; τοῦ λιμένος is a genitive of relation/position. The καθάπερ clause supplies a comparative parallel, with τοῦ ὅρμου ... ἡ Ῥήνεια understood as its subject-predicate arrangement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 λιμένος | det | high | |
| 2 | λιμένος | λιμήν | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 προβέβληται | obl | high | Genitive of relation/location with προβέβληται. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 προβέβληται | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 νῆσος | det | high | |
| 5 | Σφακτηρία | Σφακτηρία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 νῆσος | compound | high | Proper-name modifier in the noun phrase. |
| 6 | νῆσος | νῆσος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προβέβληται | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | προβέβληται | προβάλλω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle, ‘is projected/extends before’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προβέβληται | punct | high | |
| 9 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 προβέβληται | advmod | high | Comparative subordinator introducing an elliptical parallel. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ὅρμου | det | high | |
| 11 | ὅρμου | ὅρμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ῥήνεια | obl | medium | Genitive of relation with the elided/understood predicate. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Δηλίων | det | high | |
| 13 | Δηλίων | Δήλιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ὅρμου | amod | high | Substantivized/attributive ethnic adjective, ‘of the Delians’. |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ῥήνεια | det | high | |
| 15 | Ῥήνεια | Ῥήνεια | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προβέβληται | nsubj | medium | Comparative clause is elliptical; Ῥήνεια is the understood parallel subject. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προβέβληται | punct | high |
ἐοίκασι δὲ αἱ ἀνθρώπειαι τύχαι καὶ χωρία τέως ἄγνωστα ἐς δόξαν προῆχθαι.
Perfect ἐοίκασι governs a complementary perfect infinitive προῆχθαι; αἱ ἀνθρώπειαι τύχαι and χωρία are coordinated nominative subjects, with ἄγνωστα agreeing with χωρία (and predicatively applying to the coordinated subjects in sense).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐοίκασι | ἔοικα | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 ἐοίκασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 τύχαι | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀνθρώπειαι | ἀνθρώπειος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 τύχαι | amod | high | |
| 5 | τύχαι | τύχη | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἐοίκασι | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 τύχαι | cc | high | |
| 7 | χωρία | χωρίον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 τύχαι | conj | high | |
| 8 | τέως | τέως | ADV | D | _ | 9 ἄγνωστα | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἄγνωστα | ἄγνωστος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 χωρία | amod | high | Agrees directly with χωρία; semantically characterizes the places before their promotion to fame. |
| 10 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | P | _ | 11 δόξαν | case | high | |
| 11 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 προῆχθαι | obl | high | |
| 12 | προῆχθαι | προάγω | VERB | V-RPN | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 1 ἐοίκασι | xcomp | high | Complementary perfect passive infinitive; subject is controlled/shared with the coordinated nominatives. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐοίκασι | punct | high |
Καφηρέως τε γάρ ἐστιν ὄνομα τοῦ ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ τοῖς σὺν Ἀγαμέμνονι Ἕλλησιν ἐπιγενομένου χειμῶνος ἐνταῦθα, ὡς ἐκομίζοντο ἐξ Ἰλίου·
The copular clause means ‘for Καφηρεύς is the name of the storm that overtook the Greeks with Agamemnon here in Euboea as they were conveying themselves from Ilium’; τοῦ ... χειμῶνος is a genitive relative-like articular participial modifier dependent on ὄνομα, with ἐνταῦθα belonging to ἐπιγενομένου/χειμῶνος. The exact attachment of τε is formulaic and somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Καφηρέως | Καφηρεύς | PROPN | NPM-S---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive name identifying the name Καφηρεύς. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 γάρ | cc | medium | Postpositive connective, probably linking with preceding context. |
| 3 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copula; subject is ὄνομα and predicate is Καφηρέως. |
| 5 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Nominal subject of the copular clause. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P-SG---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 χειμῶνος | det | high | Article introducing the genitive participial phrase. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Εὐβοίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing Εὐβοίᾳ. |
| 8 | Εὐβοίᾳ | Εὔβοια | PROPN | NPN-S---L- | Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιγενομένου | obl | medium | With ἐν; locative/dative form, location of the storm's occurrence. |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P-P----MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἕλλησιν. |
| 10 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Ἀγαμέμνονι | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀγαμέμνονι. |
| 11 | Ἀγαμέμνονι | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | NPM-S---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἕλλησιν | nmod | high | Complement of σύν, associated with the Greeks. |
| 12 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | NPM-P---D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπιγενομένου | obl | high | Dative participant/group affected by the storm: the Greeks. |
| 13 | ἐπιγενομένου | ἐπιγίγνομαι | VERB | V--PMPMG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 χειμῶνος | acl | high | Genitive participle agreeing with χειμῶνος, ‘having arisen/overtaken’. |
| 14 | χειμῶνος | χειμών | NOUN | N--MSG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὄνομα | nmod | high | Genitive noun in the articular participial modifier of ὄνομα. |
| 15 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | AdvType=Loc | 13 ἐπιγενομένου | advmod | high | Locative adverb, ‘here’. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐκομίζοντο | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ἐκομίζοντο | mark | high | Temporal/subordinate conjunction, ‘as/when’. |
| 18 | ἐκομίζοντο | κομίζω | VERB | V3IIIMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 13 ἐπιγενομένου | advcl | high | Imperfect middle, subject understood as the Greeks. |
| 19 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Ἰλίου | case | high | Preposition governing Ἰλίου. |
| 20 | Ἰλίου | Ἴλιον | PROPN | NPN-S---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἐκομίζοντο | obl | high | Source/place from which they were conveying themselves. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Ψυττάλειάν τε τὴν ἐπὶ Σαλαμῖνι ἴσμεν ἀπολομένων ἐν αὐτῇ τῶν Μήδων.
ἴσμεν takes Ψυττάλειαν as its object; τὴν ... ἐπὶ Σαλαμῖνι is an attributive relative-like description with an omitted ἐοῦσαν/οὖσαν. ἀπολομένων is a genitive absolute, with τῶν Μήδων as its genitive subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ψυττάλειάν | Ψυττάλεια | PROPN | Neut-A-AccS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἴσμεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 Ψυττάλειάν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle; syntactically loose coordination. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Art-A-AccS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 Ψυττάλειάν | det | high | Article in appositional/attributive phrase. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Σαλαμῖνι | case | high | |
| 5 | Σαλαμῖνι | Σαλαμίς | PROPN | N-DatS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπὶ | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐπί, locative sense. |
| 6 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RIA-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect-form verb with present meaning, 'know'. |
| 7 | ἀπολομένων | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V-AMP-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 ἴσμεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; middle aorist participle, 'having perished'. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 αὐτῇ | case | high | |
| 9 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DatSF3 | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ἀπολομένων | obl | high | Refers to Ψυττάλεια. |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Μήδων | det | high | |
| 11 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπολομένων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 ἴσμεν | punct | high |
ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τὴν Σφακτηρίαν τὸ ἀτύχημα τὸ Λακεδαιμονίων γνώριμον τοῖς πᾶσιν ἐποίησεν·
Main predicate ἐποίησεν takes τὴν Σφακτηρίαν as object and τὸ ἀτύχημα ... γνώριμον as a predicative result; τὸ Λακεδαιμονίων is the article-noun phrase functioning as the subject/genitival specification of ἀτύχημα, with τοῖς πᾶσιν as the dative experiencer/extent. The attachment of the second τὸ is syntactically compressed and somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡσαύτως | ὡσαύτως | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 13 ἐποίησεν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐποίησεν | cc | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Σφακτηρίαν | det | high | |
| 5 | Σφακτηρίαν | Σφακτηρία | PROPN | Neuter? | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes | 13 ἐποίησεν | obj | high | Place name, feminine accusative. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἀτύχημα | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀτύχημα | ἀτύχημα | NOUN | S---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 γνώριμον | nsubj | medium | Subject of the predicative/result construction; semantic relation is compressed. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | medium | Likely begins an articular genitival specification/nominalized phrase. |
| 9 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀτύχημα | nmod | medium | Substantivized adjective: 'of the Lacedaemonians'; its attachment with the preceding article is syntactically compressed. |
| 10 | γνώριμον | γνώριμος | ADJ | A--NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐποίησεν | xcomp | high | Predicative result complement of ἐποίησεν, agreeing with ἀτύχημα. |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | S---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 πᾶσιν | det | high | |
| 12 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 γνώριμον | obl | high | Dative of the persons to whom it became known. |
| 13 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | V----SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐποίησεν | punct | high |