Grammar parses for passage 5.10.3
Open translation for this passage
ὕψος μὲν δὴ αὐτοῦ τὸ ἐς τὸν ἀετὸν ἀνῆκον, εἰσίν οἱ ὀκτὼ πόδες καὶ ἑξήκοντα, εὖρος δὲ πέντε καὶ ἐνενήκοντα, τὰ δὲ ἐς μῆκος τριάκοντά τε καὶ διακόσιοι·
The passage is an asyndetic/paratactic measurement listing; the final clause is syntactically irregular and may imply an omitted copula with the numeral phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὕψος | ὕψος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 εἰσίν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσίν; nominal predicate-like topic with μέν. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ὕψος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ὕψος | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἀνῆκον | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of ἀνῆκον ('of it'). |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἀνῆκον | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 ἀετὸν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἀετὸν | det | high | Article with ἀετὸν. |
| 8 | ἀετὸν | ἀετός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνῆκον | obl | high | Object of ἐς. |
| 9 | ἀνῆκον | ἀνήκω | VERB | V-PAP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 ὕψος | acl | high | Participial modifier of ὕψος. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἰσίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | εἰσίν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of the first clause. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 πόδες | det | high | Article with πόδες. |
| 13 | ὀκτὼ | ὀκτώ | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 14 πόδες | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral. |
| 14 | πόδες | πούς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 εἰσίν | nsubj | high | Subject complement of εἰσίν. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἑξήκοντα | cc | high | Coordinator within numeral phrase. |
| 16 | ἑξήκοντα | ἑξήκοντα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 14 πόδες | conj | high | Conjoined numeral. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 εἰσίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | εὖρος | εὖρος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 διακόσιοι | nsubj | medium | Parallel subject for understood/copular relation; sentence punctuation makes attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 18 εὖρος | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 20 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 22 ἐνενήκοντα | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἐνενήκοντα | cc | high | Coordinator within numeral phrase. |
| 22 | ἐνενήκοντα | ἐνενήκοντα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 18 εὖρος | conj | high | Conjoined numeral. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 εὖρος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 μῆκος | det | high | Article with μῆκος. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 24 τὰ | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 μῆκος | case | high | Preposition. |
| 27 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 διακόσιοι | obl | high | Oblique phrase introducing the length measurement. |
| 28 | τριάκοντά | τριάκοντα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 31 διακόσιοι | nummod | medium | First numeral in the final measurement; form appears orthographically variant. |
| 29 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 28 τριάκοντά | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 διακόσιοι | cc | high | Coordinator within numeral phrase. |
| 31 | διακόσιοι | διακόσιοι | NUM | M-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely the final elided predicate numeral; syntax is somewhat irregular and may reflect omitted εἰσί. |
| 32 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 διακόσιοι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
κέραμος δὲ οὐ γῆς ὀπτῆς ἐστιν, ἀλλὰ κεράμου τρόπον λίθος ὁ Πεντελῆσιν εἰργασμένος·
The clause has a copular structure with a coordinated second predicate (ἀλλὰ ... λίθος), and the participial phrase ὁ Πεντελῆσιν εἰργασμένος modifies λίθος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κέραμος | κέραμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate subject of ἐστιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Negates the copula. |
| 4 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 ἐστιν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive with ὀπτῆς. |
| 5 | ὀπτῆς | ὀπτός | ADJ | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 4 γῆς | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying γῆς. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate head. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 λίθος | cc | high | Coordinating adversative conjunction. |
| 9 | κεράμου | κέραμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 τρόπον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τρόπον. |
| 10 | τρόπον | τρόπος | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 11 λίθος | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative 'in the manner of'; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 11 | λίθος | λίθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate nominal. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 14 εἰργασμένος | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 13 | Πεντελῆσιν | Πεντελήσιν | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 14 εἰργασμένος | obl | medium | Place-name form; case/number somewhat uncertain from spelling, likely dative locative. |
| 14 | εἰργασμένος | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Perfect|Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Middle | 11 λίθος | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying λίθος. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ εὕρημα ἀνδρὸς Ναξίου λέγουσιν εἶναι Βύζου , οὗ φασιν ἐν Νάξῳ τὰ ἀγάλματα ἐφʼ ὧν ἐπίγραμμα εἶναι Νάξιος Εὔεργός με γένει Λητοῦς πόρε, Βύζεω παῖς, ὃς πρώτιστος τεῦξε λίθου κέραμον.
Multiple reported-speech layers and a quoted epigram make the attachment of ὁ/οὗ/ἐπίγραμμα and the internal syntax of the inscription somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εὕρημα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g--------- | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | εὕρημα | εὕρημα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εὕρημα | nmod | high | |
| 5 | Ναξίου | Νάξιος | ADJ | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 6 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 8 | Βύζου | Βύζης | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Genitive with infinitive; likely subject of εἶναι. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | p-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 11 φασιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, likely governed by φασιν as object of λέγοντος content. |
| 11 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 λέγουσιν | advcl | medium | Clause embedded under λέγουσιν; exact relation uncertain. |
| 12 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r--------- | _ | 13 Νάξῳ | case | high | |
| 13 | Νάξῳ | Νάξος | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 φασιν | obl | high | |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἀγάλματα | det | high | |
| 15 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | n-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 φασιν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἐφʼ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 ὧν | case | high | |
| 17 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | p-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 18 ἐπίγραμμα | nmod | high | |
| 18 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 φασιν | xcomp | high | |
| 20 | Νάξιος | Νάξιος | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Εὔεργός | amod | high | |
| 21 | Εὔεργός | Εὔεργος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 πόρε | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of πόρε in quoted epigram. |
| 22 | με | ἐγώ | PRON | p-s---na- | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 25 πόρε | obj | high | |
| 23 | γένει | γένος | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 πόρε | obl | high | Dative of respect/source in the epigram. |
| 24 | Λητοῦς | Λητώ | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 γένει | nmod | high | |
| 25 | πόρε | πόρω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 19 εἶναι | ccomp | medium | Archaic poetic form; taken as finite verb in quoted inscription. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 πόρε | punct | high | |
| 27 | Βύζεω | Βύζης | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 παῖς | nmod | high | |
| 28 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ὃς | nsubj | medium | Could also be appositive to a suppressed name; treated as subject of ὃς. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 παῖς | punct | high | |
| 30 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | p-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 32 τεῦξε | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | πρώτιστος | πρῶτος | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 τεῦξε | advmod | medium | Adverbial/superlative modifier of τεῦξε. |
| 32 | τεῦξε | τεύχω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 30 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | |
| 33 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 κέραμον | nmod | high | |
| 34 | κέραμον | κέραμος | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 τεῦξε | obj | high | |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ἡλικίαν δὲ ὁ Βύζης οὗτος κατὰ Ἀλυάττην ἦν τὸν Λυδὸν καὶ Ἀστυάγην τὸν Κυαξάρου βασιλεύοντα ἐν Μήδοις.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: ἡλικίαν is best taken as an accusative of respect with ἦν, and βασιλεύοντα is a participial modifier of Ἀστυάγην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | obj | high | Accusative of respect with ἦν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PT | _ | 8 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Βύζης | det | high | Article with proper noun. |
| 4 | Βύζης | Βύζης | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 5 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Βύζης | appos | medium | Likely appositive or adjunct identifying the subject. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--- | AdpType=Prep | 7 Ἀλυάττην | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 7 | Ἀλυάττην | Ἀλυάττης | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional temporal reference with κατά. |
| 8 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb, main predicate. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Λυδὸν | det | high | Article with ethnicon. |
| 10 | Λυδὸν | Λυδός | ADJ | A--s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | obl | medium | Predicative/appositional ethnicon modifying Ἀλυάττην. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 Ἀστυάγην | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 12 | Ἀστυάγην | Ἀστυάγης | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | obl | high | Coordinated object of temporal comparison/reference. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Κυαξάρου | det | high | Article with patronymic. |
| 14 | Κυαξάρου | Κυαξάρης | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 βασιλεύοντα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βασιλεύοντα. |
| 15 | βασιλεύοντα | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-pap-am- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 Ἀστυάγην | amod | medium | Participle agreeing with Ἀστυάγην; function adjectival/modifying. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--- | AdpType=Prep | 17 Μήδοις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 17 | Μήδοις | Μῆδος | PROPN | Ne-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 βασιλεύοντα | obl | high | Prepositional complement of βασιλεύοντα. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |