Grammar parses for passage 5.10.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ Ὀλυμπίᾳ λέβης ἐπίχρυσος ἐπὶ ἑκάστῳ τοῦ ὀρόφου τῷ πέρατι ἐπίκειται καὶ Νίκη κατὰ μέσον μάλιστα ἕστηκε τὸν ἀετόν, ἐπίχρυσος καὶ αὕτη.
Two coordinated clauses share ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ; ἕστηκε is perfect active of ἵστημι, with τὸν ἀετόν as its accusative object/figure placed centrally. The final ἐπίχρυσος καὶ αὕτη is a verbless supplement identifying Nike as gilded too.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 3 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπίκειται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίκειται | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 4 | λέβης | λέβης | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίκειται | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐπίχρυσος | ἐπίχρυσος | ADJ | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λέβης | amod | high | Agrees with λέβης. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 πέρατι | case | high | |
| 7 | ἑκάστῳ | ἕκαστος | DET | A--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τῷ | det | high | Agrees with τῷ πέρατι. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὀρόφου | det | high | |
| 9 | ὀρόφου | ὀρόφος | NOUN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πέρατι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on πέρας. |
| 10 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πέρατι | det | high | |
| 11 | πέρατι | πέρας | NOUN | N--DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπίκειται | obl | high | Dative of position with ἐπίκειται. |
| 12 | ἐπίκειται | ἐπίκειμαι | VERB | V--PMI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἕστηκε | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 14 | Νίκη | Νίκη | PROPN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | Name of the statue/personified figure. |
| 15 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 μέσον | case | high | |
| 16 | μέσον | μέσος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἕστηκε | obl | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘in the middle/centrally’; substantival or elliptical. |
| 17 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 16 μέσον | advmod | high | |
| 18 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V--XAI3S- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἐπίκειται | conj | medium | Perfect active form with present stative sense, ‘stands/is placed’. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀετόν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἀετόν | ἀετός | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἕστηκε | obj | medium | Accusative object/figure associated with ἕστηκε; construction is somewhat compressed. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 22 ἐπίχρυσος | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἐπίχρυσος | ἐπίχρυσος | ADJ | A--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 αὕτη | amod | medium | Predicative supplement, agreeing with αὕτη/Nίκη rather than attributive in a full noun phrase. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐπίχρυσος | cc | high | ‘Also/too’ in the verbless supplement. |
| 24 | αὕτη | οὗτος | PRON | P--NSF- | Case=Nom|Deixis=Prox|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἕστηκε | parataxis | medium | Resumptive demonstrative referring to Νίκη; final supplement is linked loosely to the preceding clause. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 12 ἐπίκειται | punct | high |
ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς Νίκης τὸ ἄγαλμα ἀσπὶς ἀνάκειται χρυσῆ, Μέδουσαν τὴν Γοργόνα ἔχουσα ἐπειργασμένην.
The clause has a fronted ὑπό-phrase marking the material/association of the statue, with ἀσπίς as a predicative nominative and χρυσῆ agreeing with it; ἔχουσα is a supplementary participle agreeing with the statue, while ἐπειργασμένην agrees with Μέδουσαν and is predicative within the participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 8 ἀνάκειται | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive Νίκης. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 8 ἀνάκειται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Νίκης | det | high | Article agreeing with Νίκης. |
| 4 | Νίκης | Νίκη | PROPN | N--GF-S-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ὑπὸ | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 6 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N--NN-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνάκειται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνάκειται. |
| 7 | ἀσπὶς | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N--NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνάκειται | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative: the statue is a golden shield. |
| 8 | ἀνάκειται | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate, formally middle/passive in morphology. |
| 9 | χρυσῆ | χρυσέος | ADJ | A--NF-S-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀσπὶς | amod | high | Agrees with predicative ἀσπίς. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνάκειται | punct | high | |
| 11 | Μέδουσαν | Μέδουσα | PROPN | N--AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔχουσα | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχουσα. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Γοργόνα | det | high | Article agreeing with Γοργόνα. |
| 13 | Γοργόνα | Γοργών | PROPN | N--AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Μέδουσαν | appos | high | Apposition to Μέδουσαν. |
| 14 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἀνάκειται | advcl | medium | Supplementary circumstantial participle; feminine nominative, agreeing semantically with ἄγαλμα as a feminine-form understood referent (ἀσπίς), or possibly attraction to the predicative noun. |
| 15 | ἐπειργασμένην | ἐπεργάζομαι | VERB | V-RPP-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 11 Μέδουσαν | acl | medium | Perfect passive participle agreeing with Μέδουσαν; describes her as worked/depicted on the shield. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀνάκειται | punct | high |
τὸ ἐπίγραμμα δὲ τὸ ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσπίδι τούς τε ἀναθέντας δηλοῖ καὶ καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν ἀνέθεσαν·
The accusative τὸ ἐπίγραμμα is the subject of δηλοῖ; the repeated τὸ ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσπίδι is an attributive modifier. τούς τε ἀναθέντας and the finite clause καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν ἀνέθεσαν are coordinated complements of δηλοῖ; καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν is an idiomatic causal/grounds adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | |
| 2 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 δηλοῖ | cc | high | |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπίγραμμα | det | high | Article introducing the attributive prepositional phrase. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἀσπίδι | case | high | |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀσπίδι | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀσπίδι | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐπίγραμμα | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of ἐπίγραμμα. |
| 8 | τούς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀναθέντας | det | high | |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἀναθέντας | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἀναθέντας | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 δηλοῖ | obj | high | Accusative substantival participle, coordinated with the following clause as what the inscription reveals. |
| 11 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | Coordinates the second complement of δηλοῖ. |
| 13 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 αἰτίαν | case | high | Elided form καθʼ before vowel. |
| 14 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | DET | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 αἰτίαν | det | medium | Indefinite-relative determiner agreeing with αἰτίαν; sometimes analyzed as a relative pronoun. |
| 15 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Accusative of grounds/reason with κατά. |
| 16 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 δηλοῖ | conj | high | Finite clause coordinated with the participial complement; subject is understood as the dedicators. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 δηλοῖ | punct | high |
λέγει γὰρ δὴ οὕτω·
λέγει is present indicative, probably impersonal or with an understood subject; γάρ and δή are discourse particles, and οὕτω is an adverb modifying λέγει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγει | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | Adv | _ | 1 λέγει | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 λέγει | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 λέγει | advmod | high | |
| 5 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 λέγει | punct | high |
ναὸς μὲν φιάλαν χρυσέαν ἔχει, ἐκ δὲ Τανάγρας τοὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι συμμαχία τʼ ἀν έ θεν δῶρον ἀπʼ Ἀργείων καὶ Ἀθαναίων καὶ Ἰώνων, τὰν δεκάταν νίκας εἵνεκα τῶ πολέμω.
Doric/epigraphic forms and the split tokenization of ἀνέθεν require caution: ἀν + έ + θεν is analyzed as the aorist verb ἀνέθην/ἀνέθεν, with the dative-like recipient phrase τοὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι functioning as subject/agent in the dedicatory construction; τὰν δεκάταν is the dedication's object, modified by νίκας εἵνεκα τῶ πολέμω.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 5 ἔχει | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; counterpart is δέ. |
| 3 | φιάλαν | φιάλη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχει | obj | high | Doric accusative. |
| 4 | χρυσέαν | χρύσεος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 φιάλαν | amod | high | Doric form. |
| 5 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 11 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | case | high | Introduces origin/context phrase. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 11 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | cc | high | Contrasts the second clause. |
| 9 | Τανάγρας | Τανάγρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | obl | medium | Genitive of place/origin; construction is compressed. |
| 10 | τοὶ | ὁ | DET | D-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | Doric article. |
| 11 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 θεν | nsubj | medium | Name of the dedicants; syntactic relation to the split verb is uncertain. |
| 12 | συμμαχία | συμμαχία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 θεν | obl | low | Likely a nominative/label-like phrase referring to the alliance; exact construction is uncertain. |
| 13 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 θεν | cc | medium | Elided τε; coordination/continuative particle. |
| 14 | ἀν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 θεν | aux | low | First segment of split ἀνέθεν; morphology assigned across the split token sequence. |
| 15 | έ | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 θεν | aux | low | Orthographic segment of split ἀνέθεν; not independently a complete word. |
| 16 | θεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Final segment of split ἀνέθεν; analyzed as the finite verb 'dedicated/set up'. |
| 17 | δῶρον | δῶρον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 θεν | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 19 Ἀργείων | case | high | Elided ἀπό. |
| 19 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δῶρον | nmod | high | Genitive of source. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 21 Ἀθαναίων | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἀθαναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δῶρον | nmod | high | Coordinated source genitive. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 23 Ἰώνων | cc | high | |
| 23 | Ἰώνων | Ἴων | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 δῶρον | nmod | high | Coordinated source genitive. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 θεν | punct | high | |
| 25 | τὰν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 δεκάταν | det | high | Doric article. |
| 26 | δεκάταν | δεκάτη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 θεν | obj | high | Doric accusative; substantive 'tenth'. |
| 27 | νίκας | νίκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 δεκάταν | nmod | high | Genitive of source/content: the tenth of victories. |
| 28 | εἵνεκα | εἵνεκα | ADP | P | _ | 27 νίκας | case | high | Postposition taking the following genitive phrase. |
| 29 | τῶ | ὁ | DET | D-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 πολέμω | det | medium | Doric article; likely dative with πολέμω. |
| 30 | πολέμω | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 νίκας | nmod | medium | Doric dative phrase, probably 'in/for the war'; construction is compressed. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 θεν | punct | high |
ταύτης τῆς μάχης μνήμην καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἀτθίδι ἐποιησάμην συγγραφῇ, τὰ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐπεξιὼν μνήματα.
The first clause has μνήμην as the object of ἐποιησάμην, with ταύτης τῆς μάχης as a genitive modifier; the participial phrase τὰ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐπεξιών is supplementary/circumstantial and refers to the monuments covered in the Attic account.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτης | οὗτος | DET | D-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 μάχης | det | high | |
| 2 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | D-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 μάχης | det | high | |
| 3 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 μνήμην | nmod | high | |
| 4 | μνήμην | μνήμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποιησάμην | obj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐποιησάμην | cc | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἀτθίδι | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀτθίδι | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀτθίδι | Ἀτθίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 συγγραφῇ | obl | high | Refers to the Attic history/account. |
| 9 | ἐποιησάμην | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποιησάμην | obl | medium | Dative of sphere/context: in the written account; may be construed closely with Ἀτθίδι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | D-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 μνήματα | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἀθήνῃσιν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπεξιὼν | obl | high | Epic/poetic locative-dative form meaning at/in Athens. |
| 14 | ἐπεξιὼν | ἐπέξειμι | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐποιησάμην | advcl | medium | Supplementary participle; subject is the first-person author, with implicit ἐγώ. |
| 15 | μνήματα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐπεξιὼν | obj | high | |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐποιησάμην | punct | high |