Grammar parses for passage 5.11.10
Open translation for this passage
ὅσον δὲ τοῦ ἐδάφους ἐστὶν ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ ἀγάλματος, τοῦτο οὐ λευκῷ, μέλανι δὲ κατεσκεύασται τῷ λίθῳ·
Relative-correlative construction: ὅσον ... τοῦτο means ‘as much of the ground as’; ἔμπροσθεν τοῦ ἀγάλματος is a prepositional adverbial phrase, and the omitted copula-like predicate of τοῦτο is supplied by κατεσκεύασται with instrumental datives λευκῷ/μέλανι τῷ λίθῳ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐδάφους | det | high | Neuter singular relative-correlative adjective modifying ἐδάφους. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 τοῦτο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐδάφους | det | high | Article with ἐδάφους. |
| 4 | ἐδάφους | ἔδαφος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Genitive subject with existential ἐστίν. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 κατεσκεύασται | csubj | medium | Finite verb in the relative clause; syntactically linked to the following correlative construction. |
| 6 | ἔμπροσθεν | ἔμπροσθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘in front’; governs a genitive complement. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀγάλματος | det | high | Article with ἀγάλματος. |
| 8 | ἀγάλματος | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔμπροσθεν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἔμπροσθεν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 10 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 κατεσκεύασται | nsubj | high | Correlative demonstrative referring to the quantified ground. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 16 κατεσκεύασται | advmod | high | Negates the first contrasting instrumental phrase. |
| 12 | λευκῷ | λευκός | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 λίθῳ | amod | medium | Dative adjective agreeing with implied or elliptical λίθῳ; masculine form is expected with λίθος. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 μέλανι | punct | high | |
| 14 | μέλανι | μέλας | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 λίθῳ | amod | high | Contrasting dative adjective agreeing with λίθῳ. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 μέλανι | cc | high | Connective marking contrast with οὐ λευκῷ. |
| 16 | κατεσκεύασται | κατασκευάζω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive, ‘has been constructed/prepared’. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 λίθῳ | det | high | Article with λίθῳ. |
| 18 | λίθῳ | λίθος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κατεσκεύασται | obl | high | Instrumental dative specifying the stone/material; shared by λευκῷ and μέλανι. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 κατεσκεύασται | punct | high |
περιθεῖ δὲ ἐν κύκλῳ τὸν μέλανα λίθου Παρίου κρηπίς, ἔρυμα εἶναι τῷ ἐλαίῳ τῷ ἐκχεομένῳ.
The sentence is syntactically difficult: περιθεῖ is likely a third-singular present indicative of περιθέω with κρηπίς as subject and τὸν μέλανα λίθου Παρίου as its object/complement; ἔρυμα εἶναι is an infinitival predication, with τῷ ἐλαίῳ τῷ ἐκχεομένῳ in the dative of reference/purpose. The case of λίθου is textually or syntactically uncertain, probably dependent on μέλανα as a genitive of material or an elliptical construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | περιθεῖ | περιθέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 κρηπίς | conj | low | Likely present active indicative 3sg, with κρηπίς as subject; form and syntax are uncertain. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 περιθεῖ | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 κύκλῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | κύκλῳ | κύκλος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 περιθεῖ | obl | high | Locative/directional adjunct with ἐν. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-AMS | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μέλανα | det | high | |
| 6 | μέλανα | μέλας | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 περιθεῖ | obj | medium | Accusative masculine singular, substantivally or modifying an elided/understood noun. |
| 7 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μέλανα | nmod | low | Genitive relation is uncertain; likely material/specification with μέλανα or an elliptical noun. |
| 8 | Παρίου | Πάριος | ADJ | A-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λίθου | amod | medium | Genitive agrees with λίθου: Parian stone. |
| 9 | κρηπίς | κρηπίς | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Likely nominative subject of περιθεῖ and head of the nominal predication. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κρηπίς | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἔρυμα | ἔρυμα | NOUN | N-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 κρηπίς | appos | medium | Nominal apposition or predicate description of κρηπίς. |
| 12 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἔρυμα | cop | medium | Present infinitive in an infinitival predication; its syntactic attachment is uncertain. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DNS | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐλαίῳ | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐλαίῳ | ἔλαιον | NOUN | N-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἔρυμα | obl | medium | Dative likely marks reference, purpose, or the object for which the structure is a protection. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DNS | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐκχεομένῳ | det | high | |
| 16 | ἐκχεομένῳ | ἐκχέω | VERB | V-PMP-DNS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐλαίῳ | acl | high | Present middle/passive participle agreeing with ἐλαίῳ: being poured out. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 κρηπίς | punct | high |
ἔλαιον γὰρ τῷ ἀγάλματί ἐστιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ συμφέρον, καὶ ἔλαιόν ἐστι τὸ ἀπεῖργον μὴ γίνεσθαι τῷ ἐλέφαντι βλάβος διὰ τὸ ἑλῶδες τῆς Ἄλτεως.
Two coordinated copular clauses: ἔλαιον is the subject/predicate noun with ἐστιν, while συμφέρον modifies it; in the second clause τὸ ἀπεῖργον is a substantivized article-participle subject, with an infinitival complement and a final διὰ phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔλαιον | ἔλαιον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | g-------- | _ | 5 ἐστιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀγάλματί | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀγάλματί | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | iobj | high | Dative of reference/beneficiary. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 συμφέρον | obl | high | Locative place name. |
| 8 | συμφέρον | συμφέρω | ADJ | v-sppana- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἔλαιον | amod | medium | Present active participle used adjectivally, agreeing with ἔλαιον; possibly a predicate complement. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 ἐστι | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 11 | ἔλαιόν | ἔλαιον | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστιν | conj | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀπεῖργον | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀπεῖργον | ἀπείργω | VERB | v-sppann- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἔλαιόν | appos | medium | Substantivized participle; syntactically the thing identified as ἔλαιον. |
| 15 | μὴ | μή | PART | q-------- | _ | 16 γίνεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 16 | γίνεσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | v--pnn--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 14 ἀπεῖργον | xcomp | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐλέφαντι | det | high | |
| 18 | ἐλέφαντι | ἐλέφας | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 βλάβος | iobj | high | Dative with γίνεσθαι, marking the entity affected. |
| 19 | βλάβος | βλάβος | NOUN | n-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 γίνεσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with γίνεσθαι. |
| 20 | διὰ | διά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 22 ἑλῶδες | case | high | |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἑλῶδες | det | high | Article nominalizing ἑλῶδες. |
| 22 | ἑλῶδες | ἑλώδης | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 γίνεσθαι | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: the marshy/wet condition. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 Ἄλτεως | det | high | |
| 24 | Ἄλτεως | Ἄλτις | PROPN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἑλῶδες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on substantivized ἑλῶδες. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἅτε γὰρ αὐχμηρᾶς τῆς ἀκροπόλεως οὔσης διὰ τὸ ἄγαν ὑψηλόν, τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐλέφαντος πεποιημένον ὕδωρ καὶ δρόσον τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ ὕδατος ποθεῖ.
The genitive absolute ἅτε ... οὔσης gives the causal circumstance; πεποιημένον agrees with τὸ ἄγαλμα, while ὕδωρ and δρόσον are coordinated objects of ποθεῖ. The adjective ὑψηλόν is substantivally used with τὸ after διὰ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 οὔσης | mark | high | Causal/concessive marker introducing the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PTCL | _ | 23 ποθεῖ | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | αὐχμηρᾶς | αὐχμηρός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀκροπόλεως | amod | high | Agrees with ἀκροπόλεως. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀκροπόλεως | det | high | Article agreeing with ἀκροπόλεως. |
| 5 | ἀκροπόλεως | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 οὔσης | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 6 | οὔσης | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ποθεῖ | advcl | high | Genitive-absolute participle, causal with ἅτε. |
| 7 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 ὑψηλόν | case | high | Introduces the accusative cause. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ὑψηλόν | det | high | Article substantivizing ὑψηλόν. |
| 9 | ἄγαν | ἄγαν | ADV | ADV | _ | 10 ὑψηλόν | advmod | high | Intensifies ὑψηλόν. |
| 10 | ὑψηλόν | ὑψηλός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 οὔσης | obl | medium | Substantival accusative after διά; interpreted as the cause of the acropolis being arid. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ποθεῖ | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ποθεῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of ποθεῖ. |
| 14 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 πεποιημένον | obl | medium | Material genitive with πεποιημένον: made of ivory; lemma sometimes given as ἐλέφας. |
| 15 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ἄγαλμα | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 16 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ποθεῖ | obj | high | First coordinated object of ποθεῖ. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 δρόσον | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects. |
| 18 | δρόσον | δρόσος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ποθεῖ | conj | high | Second coordinated object of ποθεῖ. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 δρόσον | det | high | Article agreeing with δρόσον. |
| 20 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 ὕδατος | case | high | Introduces source phrase modifying δρόσον. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ὕδατος | det | high | Article agreeing with ὕδατος. |
| 22 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 δρόσον | nmod | high | Object of ἀπό; modifies δρόσον. |
| 23 | ποθεῖ | ποθέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ποθεῖ | punct | high |