Grammar parses for passage 5.11.6
Open translation for this passage
Ἱπποδάμειά τε ἡ Οἰνομάου σὺν τῇ μητρὶ καὶ Προμηθεὺς ἔτι ἐχόμενος μὲν ὑπὸ τῶν δεσμῶν, Ἡρακλῆς δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν ἦρται·
Fragmentary coordination: Hippodameia with her mother and Prometheus (still held by bonds) are presented, followed by Heracles having come to him; the final ἦρται is perfect middle/passive indicative, probably ‘has come/arrived’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἱπποδάμειά | Ἱπποδάμεια | PROPN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Προμηθεὺς | conj | high | First coordinated nominative subject/name. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 Ἱπποδάμειά | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Οἰνομάου | det | high | |
| 4 | Οἰνομάου | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἱπποδάμειά | nmod | high | Patronymic/possessive genitive, ‘of Oinomaos’. |
| 5 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 μητρὶ | case | high | |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μητρὶ | det | high | |
| 7 | μητρὶ | μήτηρ | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 Ἱπποδάμειά | obl | high | Dative complement of σύν. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 Ἱπποδάμειά | cc | high | Coordinates Προμηθεύς with Ἱπποδάμεια. |
| 9 | Προμηθεὺς | Προμηθεύς | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἦρται | nsubj | medium | Likely coordinated subject with Ἱπποδάμεια; conjunctional structure is elliptical. |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἐχόμενος | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἐχόμενος | ἔχω | VERB | V-PMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 Προμηθεὺς | advcl | medium | Middle/passive participle ‘being held’; predicate adjunct to Προμηθεύς. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἐχόμενος | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ. |
| 13 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 δεσμῶν | case | high | Agent phrase with passive sense. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 δεσμῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | δεσμῶν | δεσμός | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐχόμενος | obl:agent | high | Genitive governed by ὑπό. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἦρται | punct | high | |
| 17 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἦρται | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἦρται | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 20 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 21 ἦρται | obl | medium | Object of motion with ἐς; antecedent likely Προμηθεύς. |
| 21 | ἦρται | αἴρω | VERB | V-RMI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect middle/passive of αἴρω; context likely has ‘come/arrived’ or ‘been brought’. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἦρται | punct | high |
λέγεται γὰρ δὴ καὶ τόδε ἐς τὸν Ἡρακλέα, ὡς ἀποκτείναι μὲν τὸν ἀετὸν ὃς ἐν τῷ Καυκάσῳ τὸν Προμηθέα ἐλύπει, ἐξέλοιτο δὲ καὶ αὐτὸν Προμηθέα ἐκ τῶν δεσμῶν.
Impersonal λέγεται takes an ὡς-complement with two coordinated infinitives; ἀποκτείναι and ἐξέλοιτο are aorist optatives in indirect discourse (with μὲν ... δέ). The relative clause modifies ἀετόν; αὐτὸν Προμηθέα is a coordinated accusative object, with αὐτόν emphatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-3S-PMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive, ‘it is said’. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 λέγεται | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 τόδε | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘also’. |
| 5 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | D-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | high | Demonstrative neuter subject of λέγεται. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Ἡρακλέα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ἡρακλέα | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 λέγεται | obl | medium | Person toward whom the report is directed; ἐς phrase. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέγεται | mark | high | Introduces reported-content clause. |
| 11 | ἀποκτείναι | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | conj | medium | Aorist active optative in indirect discourse; coordinated with ἐξέλοιτο. |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 11 ἀποκτείναι | discourse | high | Correlative particle with δέ. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἀετὸν | det | high | |
| 14 | ἀετὸν | ἀετός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀποκτείναι | obj | high | Object of ἀποκτείναι. |
| 15 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | R-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 21 ἐλύπει | nsubj | high | Relative subject, modifying ἀετόν. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 Καυκάσῳ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 Καυκάσῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | Καυκάσῳ | Καύκασος | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐλύπει | obl | high | Location with ἐν. |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 Προμηθέα | det | high | |
| 20 | Προμηθέα | Προμηθεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐλύπει | obj | high | Object of ἐλύπει. |
| 21 | ἐλύπει | λυπέω | VERB | V-3S-IAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἐξέλοιτο | ἐξαιρέω | VERB | V-AO-M-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 10 ὡς | acl | medium | Second coordinated infinitival-content predicate; middle optative form. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | cc | high | Coordinates the second reported action. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | cc | high | Coordinates the second object phrase. |
| 26 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 27 Προμηθέα | amod | medium | Emphatic/pronominal modifier of Προμηθέα. |
| 27 | Προμηθέα | Προμηθεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | obj | high | Object of ἐξέλοιτο. |
| 28 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 δεσμῶν | case | high | |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 30 δεσμῶν | det | high | |
| 30 | δεσμῶν | δεσμός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἐξέλοιτο | obl | high | Source/separation complement of ἐξέλοιτο. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high |
τελευταῖα δὲ ἐν τῇ γραφῇ Πενθεσίλειά τε ἀφιεῖσα τὴν ψυχὴν καὶ Ἀχιλλεὺς ἀνέχων ἐστὶν αὐτήν·
The sentence coordinates two painted figures: Πενθεσίλεια is feminine nominative with participle ἀφιεῖσα, while Ἀχιλλεύς is nominative with ἀνέχων; ἐστίν is copular, with the coordinated participial predicates construed substantivally. The exact semantic relation of αὐτήν to ἀνέχων is somewhat uncertain, but it is accusative feminine singular referring to the soul or Penthesilea.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖα | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Πενθεσίλειά | amod | medium | Likely predicative/descriptive adjective modifying the depicted scene or figure; form is formally ambiguous with neuter plural. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 γραφῇ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 γραφῇ | det | high | |
| 5 | γραφῇ | γραφή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν. |
| 6 | Πενθεσίλειά | Πενθεσίλεια | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Ἀχιλλεὺς | cc | high | Coordinates the two depicted subjects. |
| 8 | ἀφιεῖσα | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Πενθεσίλειά | acl | medium | Present active participle, probably descriptive of Πενθεσίλεια; its precise aspectual force is contextual. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ψυχὴν | det | high | |
| 10 | ψυχὴν | ψυχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφιεῖσα | obj | high | Object of ἀφίημι. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Ἀχιλλεὺς | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀχιλλεύς with Πενθεσίλεια. |
| 12 | Ἀχιλλεὺς | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἀνέχων | ἀνέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Participial predicate coordinated with ἀφιεῖσα; construed with the copula. |
| 14 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀνέχων | obj | low | Accusative feminine singular; likely refers to ψυχήν or Πενθεσίλεια, depending on the intended sense of ἀνέχων. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 14 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
Πάναινος μὲν δὴ οὗτος ἀδελφός τε ἦν Φειδίου καὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν Ποικίλῃ τὸ Μαραθῶνι ἔργον ἐστὶ γεγραμμένον.
The sentence has an elliptical/copular coordination: Πάναινος is subject of ἦν, with ἀδελφός as predicate nominative; αὐτοῦ is coordinated with Φειδίου and understood as a second genitive relation to ἀδελφός. The second clause has τὸ ... ἔργον as subject/predicative nominal with γεγραμμένον as participial predicate, and Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν Ποικίλῃ locates the inscription. The phrase τὸ Μαραθῶνι ἔργον is treated as “the work concerning/at Marathon,” with Μαραθῶνι dependent on ἔργον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πάναινος | Πάναινος | PROPN | N מS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-PTCL | _ | 7 ἦν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-PTCL | _ | 7 ἦν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἀδελφός | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἀδελφός. |
| 5 | ἀδελφός | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative with ἦν; tagged xcomp for the copular complement. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G-PTCL | _ | 5 ἀδελφός | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive dependents. |
| 7 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | Φειδίου | Φειδίας | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀδελφός. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-CCONJ | _ | 8 Φειδίου | cc | high | Coordinates Φειδίου and αὐτοῦ. |
| 10 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | D-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 Φειδίου | conj | medium | Possibly reflexive/possessive rather than personal; coordinated with Φειδίου. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-CCONJ | _ | 18 ἐστὶ | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause with the first clause. |
| 12 | Ἀθήνῃσιν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 Ποικίλῃ | obl | high | Locative dative, ‘at Athens’. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 14 Ποικίλῃ | case | high | |
| 14 | Ποικίλῃ | Ποικίλη στοά | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐστὶ | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν; the Stoa Poikile. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἔργον | det | high | |
| 16 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔργον | nmod | medium | Dative associated with ἔργον, likely specifying the Marathon work/event. |
| 17 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 γεγραμμένον | obj | medium | Accusative object/subject-like nominal of γεγραμμένον; syntax is somewhat elliptical. |
| 18 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb; copular clause. |
| 19 | γεγραμμένον | γράφω | VERB | V-RMP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 18 ἐστὶ | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle, ‘written/painted’; agreement and construction are difficult because ἔργον is accusative in the supplied text. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἦν | punct | high |