Grammar parses for passage 5.12.1
Open translation for this passage
ὅσοι δὲ ἀνθρώπων τὰ διὰ τοῦ στόματος ἐς τὸ ἐκτὸς ἐλέφασιν ἐξίσχοντα ὀδόντας τῶν θηρίων εἶναι καὶ οὐ κέρατα ἥγηνται, τούτοις ἔστιν ἀπιδεῖν μὲν ἐς τὰς ἄλκας, τὸ ἐν Κελτικῇ θηρίον, ἀπιδεῖν δὲ ἐς τοὺς Αἰθιοπικοὺς ταύρους·
The syntax is centered on an existential/copu lative ἔστιν with two coordinated infinitival complements after a relative clause; the first clause has a difficult text at ἐλέφασιν, so its internal attachment is tentative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 23 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Correlative relative pronoun, subject of ἔστιν / implied topic of whole clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ὅσοι | discourse | high | Postpositive connector. |
| 3 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ὅσοι | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on ὅσοι. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 ὀδόντας | det | high | Article with understood object phrase. |
| 5 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 7 στόματος | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ στόματος. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 στόματος | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | στόματος | στόμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 τὰ | nmod | high | Genitive object of διά. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 11 ἐλέφασιν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἐκτὸς | det | high | Article with ἐκτός. |
| 10 | ἐκτὸς | ἐκτός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἐλέφασιν | obl | medium | Likely substantivized directional phrase with ἐς. |
| 11 | ἐλέφασιν | ἐλέφας | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐξίσχοντα | obl | low | Form is difficult; treated as accusative plural noun modifying ἐξίσχοντα in the sense 'jutting out beyond the outer'. |
| 12 | ἐξίσχοντα | ἐξίσχω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ὀδόντας | amod | medium | Participle modifying ὀδόντας. |
| 13 | ὀδόντας | ὀδούς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἥγηνται | xcomp | medium | Predicative object/complement in indirect statement after εἶναι. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 θηρίων | det | high | Article. |
| 15 | θηρίων | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ὀδόντας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀδόντας. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἥγηνται | xcomp | high | Infinitive in indirect statement complementing ἥγηνται. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 οὐ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 19 κέρατα | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 19 | κέρατα | κέρας | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἥγηνται | obj | high | Coordinate object in indirect statement. |
| 20 | ἥγηνται | ἡγέομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 23 ἔστιν | csubj | high | Main verb of the relative clause; governs the infinitival content. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἥγηνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 23 ἔστιν | iobj | high | Dative of interest with ἔστιν. |
| 23 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential main verb introducing what is possible to see. |
| 24 | ἀπιδεῖν | ἀφοράω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἔστιν. |
| 25 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 24 ἀπιδεῖν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 24 ἀπιδεῖν | case | high | Preposition governing ἄλκας. |
| 27 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 ἄλκας | det | high | Article. |
| 28 | ἄλκας | ἄλκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 ἀπιδεῖν | obl | high | Object of ἐς with ἀπιδεῖν. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀπιδεῖν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 30 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 θηρίον | det | high | Article with θηρίον. |
| 31 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 32 Κελτικῇ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 32 | Κελτικῇ | Κελτική | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 θηρίον | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier of θηρίον; likely dative of place with ἐν. |
| 33 | θηρίον | θηρίον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἀπιδεῖν | appos | high | Apposition to ἄλκας, explanatory noun phrase. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 θηρίον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 35 | ἀπιδεῖν | ἀφοράω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 23 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Second coordinated infinitive depending on ἔστιν. |
| 36 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 35 ἀπιδεῖν | discourse | high | Postpositive connector. |
| 37 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 35 ἀπιδεῖν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 38 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 40 ταύρους | det | high | Article. |
| 39 | Αἰθιοπικοὺς | Αἰθιοπικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 ταύρους | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ταύρους. |
| 40 | ταύρους | ταῦρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 ἀπιδεῖν | obl | high | Object of ἐς with ἀπιδεῖν. |
| 41 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἔστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |