Grammar parses for passage 5.12.6
Open translation for this passage
βασιλέων δὲ ἀνδριάντας,
Fragmentary accusative phrase; ἀνδριάντας is likely an understood or context-dependent object, while βασιλέων is a genitive dependent on it (likely ‘statues of kings’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | βασιλέων | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἀνδριάντας | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Pos | 3 ἀνδριάντας | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀνδριάντας | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | N--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Fragmentary phrase; syntactic role depends on omitted/contextual verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀνδριάντας | punct | high |
Ἀδριανοῦ μὲν αἱ ἐς τὸ Ἀχαϊκὸν τελοῦσαι πόλεις ἀνέθεσαν Παρίου λίθου, Τραϊανοῦ δὲ οἱ πάντες Ἕλληνες.
The first coordinated clause has subject αἱ ... πόλεις and a predicate accusative understood with ἀνέθεσαν; the second elliptically repeats ἀνέθεσαν Παρίου λίθου, with οἱ πάντες Ἕλληνες as subject. Ἀχαϊκόν is substantivized accusative after ἐς, denoting the Achaean League; τελοῦσαι modifies πόλεις.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀδριανοῦ | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | Neut? Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | medium | Genitive of dedication/reference: 'of Hadrian'; proper-name gender is morphologically masculine despite form. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | cc:preconj | high | Correlative particle paired with δὲ. |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πόλεις | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Ἀχαϊκὸν | case | high | Variant of εἰς. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀχαϊκὸν | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀχαϊκὸν | Ἀχαϊκός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 τελοῦσαι | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, 'the Achaean [League]'; formally the object of ἐς, with ἐς attached to this phrase. |
| 7 | τελοῦσαι | τελέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 πόλεις | acl | high | Attributive participle: cities belonging to the Achaean League. |
| 8 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb; second coordinated clause contains ellipsis of this verb. |
| 10 | Παρίου | Πάριος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λίθου | amod | high | Adjective meaning Parian, modifying λίθου. |
| 11 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | medium | Genitive of material with ἀνατίθημι: 'of Parian stone'; parser attachment as object-like complement. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | Τραϊανοῦ | Τραϊανός | PROPN | Neut? Gen.Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἕλληνες | obl | medium | Genitive of dedication/reference: 'of Trajan'; proper-name gender is morphologically masculine despite form. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | Coordinates the elliptical second clause. |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 πάντες | det | high | |
| 16 | πάντες | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Ἕλληνες | amod | high | Substantivized adjective with article: 'all'. |
| 17 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | conj | medium | Subject of the elliptical second clause; coordinated to πόλεις, with ἀνέθεσαν understood. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |
οὗτος προσεκτήσατο ὁ βασιλεὺς Γέτας τοὺς ὑπὲρ Θρᾴκης Ὀσρόῃ τε τῷ ἀπογόνῳ τῷ Ἀρσάκου καὶ Πάρθοις ἐπολέμησεν·
The sentence coordinates two predicates with a shared subject: προσεκτήσατο takes the elliptical τοὺς ὑπὲρ Θρᾴκης, while ἐπολέμησεν takes coordinated dative targets Ὀσρόῃ ... καὶ Πάρθοις; the sequence τῷ Ἀρσάκου is morphosyntactically irregular as transmitted.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 προσεκτήσατο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | προσεκτήσατο | προσκτάομαι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | The verb governs the first clause; a second coordinated verb follows. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 βασιλεὺς | det | high | |
| 4 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 προσεκτήσατο | appos | medium | Appositional/predicative identification with οὗτος; alternatively construed as a subject-oriented noun. |
| 5 | Γέτας | Γέτας | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 βασιλεὺς | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to βασιλεύς. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DA-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Θρᾴκης | det | medium | Article belongs with an elided or substantivized masculine plural expression, likely τοὺς [λαούς/τόπους] ὑπὲρ Θρᾴκης. |
| 7 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 8 Θρᾴκης | case | high | |
| 8 | Θρᾴκης | Θρᾴκη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 προσεκτήσατο | obj | medium | Together with τοὺς ὑπὲρ Θρᾴκης, an elliptical/substantivized accusative object of προσεκτήσατο. |
| 9 | Ὀσρόῃ | Ὀσρόης | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀπογόνῳ | appos | high | Name in apposition to ἀπογόνῳ. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C- | _ | 9 Ὀσρόῃ | cc | medium | Correlative τε coordinates the dative phrase with Πάρθοις. |
| 11 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀπογόνῳ | det | high | |
| 12 | ἀπογόνῳ | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπολέμησεν | obl | high | Dative complement/target of ἐπολέμησεν. |
| 13 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Ἀρσάκου | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀρσάκου | Ἀρσάκης | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀπογόνῳ | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic/descent modifier of ἀπογόνῳ; the intervening article is concordantly irregular or textual. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 16 Πάρθοις | cc | high | |
| 16 | Πάρθοις | Πάρθος | PROPN | N-DMP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἐπολέμησεν | obl | high | Coordinated dative object/target of ἐπολέμησεν. |
| 17 | ἐπολέμησεν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 2 προσεκτήσατο | conj | high | Coordinated with προσεκτήσατο. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 προσεκτήσατο | punct | high |
ὁπόσα δὲ ἐς ἔργων ἔχει οἱ κατασκευήν, ἀξιολογώτατά ἐστι λουτρὰ ἐπώνυμα αὐτοῦ καὶ θέατρον μέγα κυκλοτερὲς πανταχόθεν καὶ οἰκοδόμημα ἐς ἵππων δρόμους προῆκον καὶ ἐς δύο σταδίων μῆκος, καὶ ἡ Ῥωμαίων ἀγορὰ κόσμου τε ἕνεκα τοῦ λοιποῦ θέας ἀξία καὶ μάλιστα ἐς τὸν ὄροφον χαλκοῦ πεποιημένον.
The sentence has a relative quantifier clause followed by a nominal catalogue under ἐστι; the final πεποιημένον is elliptical and agrees with ὄροφον rather than with the feminine ἀγορά.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχει | obj | medium | Neuter plural substantive relative quantifier; scope is the works/equipment clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 ἔργων | case | high | |
| 4 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 κατασκευήν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on κατασκευήν in the idiom ἐς ἔργων κατασκευήν. |
| 5 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 ἐστι | csubj | medium | Relative-clause predicate; construction is impersonal/idiomatic with κατασκευήν and οἱ. |
| 6 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 ἔχει | iobj | medium | Dative of reference, probably referring to the subject of the preceding context. |
| 7 | κατασκευήν | κατασκευή | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἀξιολογώτατά | ἀξιολόγος | ADJ | A-NPN-SUP | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστι | amod | high | Neuter plural predicate adjective agreeing with the listed structures. |
| 10 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular copula with a neuter plural subject, a regular Greek construction. |
| 11 | λουτρὰ | λουτρόν | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 12 | ἐπώνυμα | ἐπώνυμος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 λουτρὰ | amod | high | |
| 13 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 12 ἐπώνυμα | obl | medium | Genitive of reference/association: named after him. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 θέατρον | cc | high | |
| 15 | θέατρον | θέατρον | NOUN | N-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Coordinated nominative singular neuter, with plural collective predicate adjective. |
| 16 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 θέατρον | amod | high | |
| 17 | κυκλοτερὲς | κυκλοτερής | ADJ | A-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 θέατρον | amod | high | |
| 18 | πανταχόθεν | πανταχόθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 17 κυκλοτερὲς | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier, ‘on/all sides’. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 οἰκοδόμημα | cc | high | |
| 20 | οἰκοδόμημα | οἰκοδόμημα | NOUN | N-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 δρόμους | case | high | |
| 22 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 δρόμους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δρόμους. |
| 23 | δρόμους | δρόμος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 προῆκον | obl | high | |
| 24 | προῆκον | προήκω | VERB | V-PAP-NNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 οἰκοδόμημα | acl | high | Participial modifier of οἰκοδόμημα. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 μῆκος | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 μῆκος | case | high | |
| 27 | δύο | δύο | NUM | ADJ-NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 28 σταδίων | nummod | high | |
| 28 | σταδίων | στάδιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 29 μῆκος | nmod | high | Genitive of measure. |
| 29 | μῆκος | μῆκος | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 οἰκοδόμημα | obl | high | Accusative of extent/measure coordinated with the preceding destination phrase. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 μῆκος | punct | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 34 ἀγορὰ | cc | high | |
| 32 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἀγορὰ | det | high | |
| 33 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 ἀγορὰ | nmod | high | Attributive genitive, ‘of the Romans’. |
| 34 | ἀγορὰ | ἀγορά | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 35 | κόσμου | κόσμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 ἀξία | obl | medium | Genitive of cause/quality with ἀξία, ‘worthy because of ornament/beauty’. |
| 36 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 41 ἀξία | cc | high | |
| 37 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 κόσμου | case | high | Postposition governing τοῦ λοιποῦ. |
| 38 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 λοιποῦ | det | high | |
| 39 | λοιποῦ | λοιπός | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 37 ἕνεκα | pobj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the rest/remaining’. |
| 40 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | N-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 ἀξία | obl | medium | Genitive of respect or value with ἀξία, ‘worthy of viewing’. |
| 41 | ἀξία | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 ἀγορὰ | conj | high | Predicate adjective coordinated with καὶ ἀξιολογώτατα; agrees with ἀγορά. |
| 42 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 48 πεποιημένον | cc | high | |
| 43 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 48 πεποιημένον | advmod | high | |
| 44 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 46 ὄροφον | case | high | |
| 45 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-AMS | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 46 ὄροφον | det | high | |
| 46 | ὄροφον | ὄροφος | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 48 πεποιημένον | obl | high | Prepositional phrase specifying the especially notable roof. |
| 47 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 48 πεποιημένον | obl | high | Material genitive with πεποιημένον. |
| 48 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | V-RPP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 41 ἀξία | conj | medium | Predicative/elliptical participle; masculine singular accusative agrees with ὄροφον, with an understood ἐστίν. |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστι | punct | high |