Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.12.8

← 5.12.7 5.13.1 →

Passage 5.12.8

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3sentences parsed

63Greek tokens

2,302input tokens

4,458output tokens

Sentence 1

5.12.8 sentence 1

Tokens: 22
Input: 766
Output: 1,547
Total: 2,313

ἐν δὲ τῷ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ ναῷ Νέρωνος ἀναθήματα τρεῖς μὲν ἐς κοτίνου φύλλα στέφανοι, τέταρτος δὲ ἐς δρυός ἐστι μεμιμημένος·

The sentence has a verbless first clause with ἀναθήματα as the predicate/topic and στέφανοι as its appositional specification; ἐστι governs μεμιμημένος in the second coordinated clause. The phrase ἐς κοτίνου φύλλα is elliptical for transformation/use as olive leaves, while ἐς δρυός likewise specifies the oak form; exact attachment of the prepositional phrases is somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	6 ναῷ	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	8 ἀναθήματα	cc	high
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	DA	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ναῷ	det	high
4	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	_	5 Ὀλυμπίᾳ	case	high
5	Ὀλυμπίᾳ	Ὀλυμπία	PROPN	Npfsl	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ναῷ	nmod	high
6	ναῷ	ναός	NOUN	Ncmsd	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἀναθήματα	obl	high
7	Νέρωνος	Νέρων	PROPN	Npmsg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ναῷ	nmod	high
8	ἀναθήματα	ἀνάθημα	NOUN	Npnna	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	high	Predicate/topic of the initial verbless clause.
9	τρεῖς	τρεῖς	NUM	Acfpa	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	14 στέφανοι	nummod	medium	Feminine form agrees with στέφανοι by sense/formal mismatch in the transmitted text; possibly substantival or textual variation.
10	μὲν	μέν	PART	Q	_	14 στέφανοι	discourse	high
11	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	13 φύλλα	case	high	Introduces the intended/formal material or shape.
12	κοτίνου	κότινος	NOUN	Ngmsg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 φύλλα	nmod	high
13	φύλλα	φύλλον	NOUN	Npnna	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 στέφανοι	obl	medium	Elliptical phrase meaning olive leaves; case is nominative as transmitted.
14	στέφανοι	στέφανος	NOUN	Nmpn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 ἀναθήματα	appos	medium	Appositional specification of ἀναθήματα; τρεῖς is formally mismatched in gender.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 στέφανοι	punct	high
16	τέταρτος	τέταρτος	ADJ	Amsn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 μεμιμημένος	nsubj	high	Subject of μεμιμημένος understood with στεφάνος.
17	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	20 ἐστι	cc	high
18	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	19 δρυός	case	high
19	δρυός	δρῦς	NOUN	Nfsg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 μεμιμημένος	obl	high	Genitive under elliptical ἐς phrase, specifying oak material/form.
20	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	21 μεμιμημένος	aux	high	Copular/auxiliary εἰμί with perfect participle.
21	μεμιμημένος	μιμέομαι	VERB	Vmpmpmn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	8 ἀναθήματα	conj	high	Second coordinated predicate, agreeing with τέταρτος.
22	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	21 μεμιμημένος	punct	high

Sentence 2

5.12.8 sentence 2

Tokens: 18
Input: 730
Output: 1,230
Total: 1,960

κεῖνται δὲ αὐτόθι καὶ ἀσπίδες χαλκαῖ πέντε καὶ εἴκοσι, τοῖς ὁπλιτεύουσιν εἶναι φορήματα ἐς τὸν δρόμον.

The phrase τοῖς ὁπλιτεύουσιν is a substantival dative ('for those competing as hoplites'); φορήματα ... εἶναι is an explanatory/predicative infinitival complement to the shields being suitable equipment for the race.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	κεῖνται	κεῖμαι	VERB	V-3PPI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 κεῖνται	cc	high
3	αὐτόθι	αὐτόθι	ADV	ADV	_	1 κεῖνται	advmod	high
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἀσπίδες	cc	high
5	ἀσπίδες	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 κεῖνται	nsubj	high
6	χαλκαῖ	χαλκοῦς	ADJ	A-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 ἀσπίδες	amod	high
7	πέντε	πέντε	NUM	ADJ-N	Case=Nom\|Number=Plur	5 ἀσπίδες	nummod	high	indeclinable numeral modifying ἀσπίδες
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	9 εἴκοσι	cc	high
9	εἴκοσι	εἴκοσι	NUM	ADJ-N	Case=Nom\|Number=Plur	7 πέντε	conj	high	indeclinable numeral coordinated with πέντε
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 κεῖνται	punct	high
11	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ὁπλιτεύουσιν	det	high
12	ὁπλιτεύουσιν	ὁπλιτεύω	VERB	V-PAP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 φορήματα	nmod	high	substantival dative present participle
13	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 φορήματα	cop	medium	infinitive in the construction φορήματα ... εἶναι
14	φορήματα	φόρημα	NOUN	N-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 κεῖνται	xcomp	medium	predicative accusative-like complement with infinitive; agreement is nominative in the transmitted wording
15	ἐς	ἐς	ADP	PREP	_	17 δρόμον	case	high
16	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 δρόμον	det	high
17	δρόμον	δρόμος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 φορήματα	obl	high
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 κεῖνται	punct	high

Sentence 3

5.12.8 sentence 3

Tokens: 23
Input: 806
Output: 1,681
Total: 2,487

στῆλαι δὲ ἄλλαι τε ἑστήκασι καὶ ἡ πρὸς Ἀθηναίους καὶ Ἀργείους τε καὶ Μαντινέας ἔχουσα ὅρκον παρὰ Ἠλείων ἐς συμμαχίαν ἐτῶν ἑκατόν.

The sentence coordinates plural στῆλαι ἑστήκασι with a substantivized singular article-participle ἡ … ἔχουσα; the latter refers to an additional stele and governs the oath phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	στῆλαι	στήλη	NOUN	N—F—NP—Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 ἑστήκασι	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἑστήκασι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἄλλαι	ἄλλος	ADJ	A—F—NP—Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 στῆλαι	amod	high
4	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἄλλαι	cc	medium	Correlative τε with the later καί.
5	ἑστήκασι	ἵστημι	VERB	V—Perf—Act—Ind—3Pl	Aspect=Perfective\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect active, stative sense ‘stand’.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	5 ἑστήκασι	cc	high	Coordinates the second subject/construction.
7	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T—F—S—Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἔχουσα	det	high	Article substantivizes the participle.
8	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	PREP	_	9 Ἀθηναίους	case	high
9	Ἀθηναίους	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A—M—P—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 ἔχουσα	obl	high	Object of πρὸς in the phrase modifying ὅρκον.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 Ἀργείους	cc	high
11	Ἀργείους	Ἀργεῖος	PROPN	A—M—P—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 Ἀθηναίους	conj	high
12	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 καὶ	cc	medium	Correlative coordination in the list.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 Μαντινέας	cc	high
14	Μαντινέας	Μαντινεύς	PROPN	A—M—P—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 Ἀργείους	conj	high
15	ἔχουσα	ἔχω	VERB	V—Pres—Act—Ptc—F—S—Nom	Aspect=Imperfective\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	5 ἑστήκασι	conj	high	Substantivized nominative participle, coordinated with στῆλαι; its singular subject is ἡ … ἔχουσα.
16	ὅρκον	ὅρκος	NOUN	N—M—S—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἔχουσα	obj	high
17	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	PREP	_	18 Ἠλείων	case	high
18	Ἠλείων	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	A—M—P—Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 ὅρκον	nmod	high	Genitive of source with παρά.
19	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	20 συμμαχίαν	case	high
20	συμμαχίαν	συμμαχία	NOUN	N—F—S—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ὅρκον	nmod	high	Purpose/result specification: an oath for alliance.
21	ἐτῶν	ἔτος	NOUN	N—N—P—Gen	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	22 ἑκατόν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἑκατόν, expressing duration.
22	ἑκατόν	ἑκατόν	NUM	A—N—S—Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|NumType=Card\|Number=Sing	20 συμμαχίαν	nmod	medium	Substantival numeral phrase ‘of one hundred years’; case/form is lexically fixed and syntactically somewhat compressed.
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἑστήκασι	punct	high

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