Grammar parses for passage 5.13.8
Open translation for this passage
κατασκευασθῆναι δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους τοῦ Ἰδαίου λέγουσιν, οἱ δὲ ὑπὸ ἡρώων τῶν ἐπιχωρίων γενεαῖς δύο ὕστερον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους.
The sentence has two coordinated report clauses with μέν...δέ contrast; ὕστερον governs a genitive phrase of comparison/time, here analyzed with a dative temporal expression γενεαῖς δύο.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατασκευασθῆναι | κατασκευάζω | VERB | V-ANP | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 10 λέγουσιν | csubj | high | Complementary infinitive with passive meaning. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of the infinitive. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Article functioning as substantivized subject of λέγουσιν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | Marks agency with genitive. |
| 7 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | obl | high | Agent in prepositional phrase modifying infinitive. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Ἰδαίου | det | high | Article with adjectival proper-name epithet. |
| 9 | Ἰδαίου | Ἰδαῖος | ADJ | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἡρακλέους | amod | high | Epithet of Ἡρακλέους. |
| 10 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 οἱ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 15 ἡρώων | case | high | Marks agency. |
| 15 | ἡρώων | ἥρως | NOUN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | obl | high | Agent in second passive agent phrase. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | Article with adjective used substantively. |
| 17 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἡρώων | amod | high | Attributive adjective to ἡρώων. |
| 18 | γενεαῖς | γενεά | NOUN | N--DPF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ὕστερον | obl | medium | Dative of time/measure with ὕστερον. |
| 19 | δύο | δύο | NUM | N- | NumType=Card | 18 γενεαῖς | nummod | high | Modifies γενεαῖς. |
| 20 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D- | _ | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | advmod | medium | Adverb with genitive/dative phrase expressing later time. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | Article with genitive complement. |
| 22 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ὕστερον | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὕστερον. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
πεποίηται δὲ ἱερείων τῶν θυομένων τῷ Διὶ ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῶν μηρῶν, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἐν Περγάμῳ·
The main syntactic difficulty is the compact genitive/participle phrase ἱερείων τῶν θυομένων τῷ Διὶ, and the exact attachment of ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῶν μηρῶν to πεποίηται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-PRI--3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite perfect middle/passive form functioning as main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἱερείων | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 πεποίηται | obl | medium | Likely genitive dependent of πεποίηται; semantics somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RD-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 θυομένων | det | high | Article modifying θυομένων. |
| 5 | θυομένων | θύω | VERB | VPPP-PNGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ἱερείων | nmod | high | Attributive participle modifying ἱερείων. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RD--S-D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Διὶ | det | high | Article with Διί. |
| 7 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θυομένων | obl | medium | Dative with θυομένων, likely beneficiary/recipient. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 τέφρας | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RD-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 τέφρας | det | high | Article modifying τέφρας. |
| 10 | τέφρας | τέφρα | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | obl | high | Prepositional oblique dependent of πεποίηται. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RD-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 μηρῶν | det | high | Article modifying μηρῶν. |
| 12 | μηρῶν | μηρός | NOUN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τέφρας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τέφρας within the prepositional phrase. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 πεποίηται | advmod | high | Comparative adverb introducing comparison. |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 14 καθάπερ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle with καθάπερ. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction in the comparison phrase. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 1 πεποίηται | advmod | medium | Likely introduces locative comparison; UD relation approximate. |
| 18 | Περγάμῳ | Πέργαμος | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐν | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τέφρας γὰρ δή ἐστι καὶ τῇ Ἥρᾳ τῇ Σαμίᾳ βωμὸς οὐδέν τι ἐπιφανέστερος ἢ ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Ἀττικῇ ἃς αὐτοσχεδίας Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἐσχάρας.
The syntax is compressed: ἃς ... καλοῦσιν ἐσχάρας is a relative clause naming the things referred to by ἃς, while οὐδέν τι ἐπιφανέστερος and the comparative ἢ ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Ἀττικῇ form the predicate description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέφρας | τέφρα | NOUN | N-SF-PG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βωμός. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | δή | δή | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular verb. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | cc | medium | Links coordinated predication/phrase. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἥρᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Ἥρᾳ. |
| 7 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 βωμὸς | obl | high | Dative with ἐστι, likely predicative/locative association. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Σαμίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Σαμίᾳ. |
| 9 | Σαμίᾳ | Σάμιος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἥρᾳ | amod | high | Attributive adjective agreeing with Ἥρᾳ. |
| 10 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 11 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | advmod | medium | Used adverbially/intensifying with τι; analysis uncertain. |
| 12 | τι | τις | PRON | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | obl | medium | Indefinite/enclitic modifier with comparative; exact syntax uncertain. |
| 13 | ἐπιφανέστερος | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-NSM-CMP | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with copula. |
| 14 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | mark | high | Introduces comparison. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 17 χώρᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing χώρᾳ. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 χώρᾳ | det | high | Article modifying χώρᾳ. |
| 17 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | obl | high | Prepositional complement in the comparison. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀττικῇ | det | high | Article modifying Ἀττικῇ. |
| 19 | Ἀττικῇ | Ἀττική | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 χώρᾳ | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying χώρα. |
| 20 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 23 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 21 | αὐτοσχεδίας | αὐτοσχεδία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 ἐσχάρας | amod | medium | Likely adjective-like noun modifying ἐσχάρας; morphology/syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 22 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of καλοῦσιν. |
| 23 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 ἃς | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause verb modifying ἃς. |
| 24 | ἐσχάρας | ἐσχάρα | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Second object/predicate complement in the naming construction. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |