Grammar parses for passage 5.13.8
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ὁ τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου βωμὸς ἴσον μὲν μάλιστα τοῦ Πελοπίου τε καὶ τοῦ ἱεροῦ τῆς Ἥρας ἀπέχων, προκείμενος μέντοι καὶ πρὸ ἀμφοτέρων·
βωμός is the subject of existential ἔστι; the participles ἀπέχων and προκείμενος are coordinated predicates modifying it. Genitives with ἀπέχων express the two reference points, while πρὸ ἀμφοτέρων means ‘in front of both.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular use: ‘there is/is’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 βωμὸς | det | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Διὸς | det | high | |
| 5 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 βωμὸς | nmod | high | |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ὀλυμπίου | det | high | |
| 7 | Ὀλυμπίου | Ὀλύμπιος | PROPN | A-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Διὸς | amod | high | Proper-name adjective modifying Ζεύς. |
| 8 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Subject of existential εἰμί. |
| 9 | ἴσον | ἴσος | ADJ | A-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέχων | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘equally’; agrees formally with implied measure/result. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 20 ἀπέχων | discourse | high | |
| 11 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 9 ἴσον | advmod | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Πελοπίου | det | high | |
| 13 | Πελοπίου | Πελόπιον | PROPN | N-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέχων | obl | high | Genitive with ἀπέχων indicating reference point. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Πελοπίου | cc | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἱεροῦ | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive reference points. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 17 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέχων | obl | high | Genitive with ἀπέχων, coordinated with Πελοπίου. |
| 18 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἥρας | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἱεροῦ | nmod | high | |
| 20 | ἀπέχων | ἀπέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 βωμὸς | acl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying βωμός: ‘being equally distant’. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέχων | punct | high | |
| 22 | προκείμενος | πρόκειμαι | VERB | V-PMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 βωμὸς | acl | high | Coordinated circumstantial participle modifying βωμός. |
| 23 | μέντοι | μέντοι | ADV | ADV | _ | 22 προκείμενος | advmod | high | |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 προκείμενος | cc | high | Connects the second participial predicate. |
| 25 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 ἀμφοτέρων | case | high | |
| 26 | ἀμφοτέρων | ἀμφότερος | PRON | A-GMN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 22 προκείμενος | obl | high | Genitive complement of πρό. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
κατασκευασθῆναι δὲ αὐτὸν οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους τοῦ Ἰδαίου λέγουσιν, οἱ δὲ ὑπὸ ἡρώων τῶν ἐπιχωρίων γενεαῖς δύο ὕστερον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους.
Accusative-and-infinitive construction: αὐτόν is the infinitival subject of κατασκευασθῆναι, with two coordinated οἱ μέν/οἱ δέ groups as λέγουσιν subjects; the second ὑπό phrase is modified by γενεαῖς δύο ὕστερον τοῦ Ἡρακλέους, an ablative/instrumental-style temporal expression meaning two generations later than Heracles.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατασκευασθῆναι | κατασκευάζω | VERB | V--ANP- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 10 λέγουσιν | csubj | high | Infinitive in reported-content construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P3ASM---- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P----NM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 10 λέγουσιν | nsubj | medium | Substantival article, paired with μέν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 οἱ | discourse | high | First member of μέν/δέ contrast. |
| 6 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 7 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | NeMSG---- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Agent of passive infinitive. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P----GMS- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 9 Ἰδαίου | det | high | Article modifying Ἰδαίου. |
| 9 | Ἰδαίου | Ἰδαῖος | PROPN | NeMSG---- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 7 Ἡρακλέους | appos | high | Appositional epithet of Heracles. |
| 10 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite reporting verb governing the infinitive. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P----NM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 10 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Substantival article, paired with δέ. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 οἱ | cc | high | Second member of μέν/δέ contrast. |
| 14 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ἡρώων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 15 | ἡρώων | ἥρως | NOUN | NOMPGM--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | obl:agent | high | Agent of passive infinitive in the second alternative. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | P----GPM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 17 ἐπιχωρίων | det | high | Article modifying ἐπιχωρίων. |
| 17 | ἐπιχωρίων | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A--GPM--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 15 ἡρώων | amod | high | Adjective substantivally/attributively modifying local heroes. |
| 18 | γενεαῖς | γενεά | NOUN | N--D feminine? | Case=Dative|Gender=Fem|Number=Plural | 20 ὕστερον | obl:tmod | medium | Dative of measure/time span: two generations later. |
| 19 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-------- | Case=Uninflected|Number=Plural | 18 γενεαῖς | nummod | high | Cardinal modifying γενεαῖς. |
| 20 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | A-S---N--- | Degree=Pos | 1 κατασκευασθῆναι | advmod | high | Temporal adverb governing the measure phrase. |
| 21 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | P----GMS- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 22 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | Article modifying Ἡρακλέους. |
| 22 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | NeMSG---- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Singular | 20 ὕστερον | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ὕστερον, marking comparison/reference point. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ ἱερείων τῶν θυομένων τῷ Διὶ ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῶν μηρῶν, καθάπερ γε καὶ ἐν Περγάμῳ·
The passive πεποίηται has an understood subject (the monument/structure) and takes ἱερείων as a genitive of material or composition; τῶν θυομένων modifies ἱερείων, while τῷ Διί is the dative of the sacrificial recipient. The final καθάπερ-clause is a comparison with an elided predicate, referring to the practice at Pergamum.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive, with an understood neuter singular subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | P，不 | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἱερείων | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 πεποίηται | obl | medium | Genitive of material/content with πεποίηται; form may also be read as an unusual contracted spelling. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 θυομένων | det | high | Article agreeing with θυομένων. |
| 5 | θυομένων | θύω | VERB | V-PMP-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 3 ἱερείων | acl | high | Present middle/passive participle modifying ἱερείων. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Διὶ | det | high | Article for the dative recipient. |
| 7 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-DAT-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 θυομένων | obl | high | Dative of the deity to whom the victims are sacrificed. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-GEN | _ | 10 τέφρας | case | high | Preposition governing τῆς τέφρας. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τέφρας | det | high | Article agreeing with τέφρας. |
| 10 | τέφρας | τέφρα | NOUN | N-GEN-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | obl | high | Object of ἀπό, indicating source/material. |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 μηρῶν | det | high | Article agreeing with μηρῶν. |
| 12 | μηρῶν | μηρός | NOUN | N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τέφρας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τέφρας: ash of the thighs. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 14 | καθάπερ | καθάπερ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Comparative subordinator introducing an elliptical comparison. |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 14 καθάπερ | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 καθάπερ | cc | medium | Additive particle within the comparative phrase. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P-DAT | _ | 18 Περγάμῳ | case | high | Preposition governing Περγάμῳ. |
| 18 | Περγάμῳ | Πέργαμος | PROPN | N-DAT-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 καθάπερ | obl | high | Locative dative governed by ἐν; name of Pergamum. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high |
τέφρας γὰρ δή ἐστι καὶ τῇ Ἥρᾳ τῇ Σαμίᾳ βωμὸς οὐδέν τι ἐπιφανέστερος ἢ ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Ἀττικῇ ἃς αὐτοσχεδίας Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἐσχάρας.
The sentence asserts that a Samian Hera altar is no more conspicuous than the ash altars/hearths in Attica, which Athenians call improvised escharai; ἃς has a contextually supplied antecedent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τέφρας | τέφρα | NOUN | N-GEN-PL-F | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive of material/description: an altar of ashes. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐστι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | δή | δή | PART | PART | _ | 4 ἐστι | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 βωμὸς | cc | high | Coordinates the subject phrase with the following parallel phrase. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἥρᾳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Dative of dedication. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Σαμίᾳ | det | high | |
| 9 | Σαμίᾳ | Σάμιος | ADJ | A-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἥρᾳ | amod | high | Ethnic adjective agreeing with Ἥρᾳ. |
| 10 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NOM-S-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 11 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-NOM-S-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | advmod | medium | Adverbial neuter, ‘not at all’; form is neuter nominative/accusative. |
| 12 | τι | τις | PRON | X-NOM-S-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 11 οὐδέν | advmod | medium | Indefinite strengthening particle/pronoun in the adverbial expression οὐδέν τι. |
| 13 | ἐπιφανέστερος | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-NOM-S-M-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Comparative predicate adjective agreeing with βωμός. |
| 14 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | cc | high | Comparative conjunction introducing the standard of comparison. |
| 15 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 χώρᾳ | case | high | |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 χώρᾳ | det | high | |
| 17 | χώρᾳ | χώρα | NOUN | N-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | obl | high | Prepositional standard of comparison. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἀττικῇ | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀττικῇ | Ἀττικός | ADJ | A-DAT-S-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 χώρᾳ | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with χώρᾳ. |
| 20 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-ACC-PL-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 23 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Relative object of καλοῦσιν; antecedent is implied or contextually supplied altars/hearths. |
| 21 | αὐτοσχεδίας | αὐτοσχέδιος | ADJ | A-ACC-PL-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἃς | amod | high | Agrees with ἃς; ‘improvised’. |
| 22 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NOM-PL-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἐπιφανέστερος | advcl | high | Relative clause verb, with ἃς as object. |
| 24 | ἐσχάρας | ἐσχάρα | NOUN | N-ACC-PL-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative after καλοῦσιν, naming the objects. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high |