Grammar parses for passage 5.15.3
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει τοῦ Λεωνιδαίου περᾶν μέλλοντι ἐς ἀριστερὰν Ἀφροδίτης βωμὸς καὶ Ὡρῶν μετʼ αὐτόν.
Existential βωμός is the root subject; the dative μέλλοντι περᾶν phrase is a compressed circumstantial route description, with some uncertainty over the precise semantic attachment of Λεωνιδαίου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 βωμὸς | cop | high | Existential/copular εἰμί with postposed subject βωμός. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 βωμὸς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἄλτει | case | high | Preposition governing τῇ Ἄλτει. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ἄλτει | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἄλτει. |
| 5 | Ἄλτει | Ἄλτις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 βωμὸς | obl | high | Toponym, locative dative after ἐν. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Λεωνιδαίου | det | high | Article agreeing with Λεωνιδαίου. |
| 7 | Λεωνιδαίου | Λεωνίδαιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 περᾶν | obl | medium | Genitive with περᾶν, likely the person/place passed by or associated with the route. |
| 8 | περᾶν | περάω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 μέλλοντι | xcomp | medium | Present infinitive dependent on μέλλοντι; exact construction is somewhat compressed. |
| 9 | μέλλοντι | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 βωμὸς | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely circumstantial and agreeing with an understood traveler/person. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀριστερὰν | case | high | Preposition governing ἀριστεράν. |
| 11 | ἀριστερὰν | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 βωμὸς | obl | high | Substantivized directional adjective, 'to/on the left'. |
| 12 | Ἀφροδίτης | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 βωμὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on βωμός. |
| 13 | βωμὸς | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Postposed existential subject. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ὡρῶν | cc | high | Coordinates Ὡρῶν with Ἀφροδίτης as dependent genitives. |
| 15 | Ὡρῶν | Ὥραι | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 βωμὸς | conj | high | Genitive plural, coordinated with Ἀφροδίτης. |
| 16 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 αὐτόν | case | high | Elided preposition μετά governing αὐτόν. |
| 17 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 βωμὸς | obl | high | With μετά, 'after it/him'; antecedent is likely the preceding altar. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 βωμὸς | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
κατὰ δὲ τὸν ὀπισθόδομον μάλιστά ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ πεφυκὼς κότινος·
The subject κότινος is a nominative noun with copular ἐστιν; πεφυκώς is a perfect active participle agreeing with κότινος and predicating its natural position. The phrase κατὰ τὸν ὀπισθόδομον is spatial, likely ‘along/by the opisthodomos’; δεξιᾷ is a substantivized dative feminine adjective under ἐν. μάλιστα modifies the predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 ὀπισθόδομον | case | high | Accusative-governing spatial preposition. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 6 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 ὀπισθόδομον | det | high | |
| 4 | ὀπισθόδομον | ὀπισθόδομος | NOUN | NAMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 πεφυκὼς | obl | medium | Accusative spatial complement of κατά; the noun denotes the rear chamber/porch. |
| 5 | μάλιστά | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 9 πεφυκὼς | advmod | high | Superlative adverb modifying the positional predication. |
| 6 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | VSPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 8 δεξιᾷ | case | high | Dative-governing preposition. |
| 8 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πεφυκὼς | obl | high | Substantivized feminine dative, ‘on the right’. |
| 9 | πεφυκὼς | φύω | VERB | V-RAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Perfect active participle, predicative with the copula; πεφυκώς can mean ‘naturally situated/growing’. |
| 10 | κότινος | κότινος | NOUN | NNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 πεφυκὼς | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular participial predicate. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐστιν | punct | high |
καλεῖται δὲ ἐλαία Καλλιστέφανος, καὶ τοῖς νικῶσι τὰ Ὀλύμπια καθέστηκεν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς δίδοσθαι τοὺς στεφάνους.
Two coordinated clauses: καλεῖται takes ἐλαία Καλλιστέφανος as its naming complement; καθέστηκεν governs the articular infinitive δίδοσθαι, with τοῖς νικῶσι as a dative beneficiary and τοὺς στεφάνους as the infinitive's object. The form καθέστηκεν is perfect active 3sg of καθίστημι, here meaning ‘it has been established/ordained’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καλεῖται | καλέω | VERB | V-3PM/S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 11 καθέστηκεν | conj | high | Present middle/passive indicative, ‘is called’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 1 καλεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | ἐλαία | ἐλαία | NOUN | N-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of καλεῖται. |
| 4 | Καλλιστέφανος | Καλλιστέφανος | PROPN | A--NSF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 καλεῖται | xcomp | medium | Feminine name/title agreeing with ἐλαία; predicative complement of καλεῖται. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 καλεῖται | punct | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P---MDP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 νικῶσι | det | high | Article substantivizing νικῶσι. |
| 8 | νικῶσι | νικάω | VERB | V-PAPMDP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 καθέστηκεν | iobj | high | Substantival dative participle, ‘to those who win’. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P---NPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 Ὀλύμπια | det | high | Article with Ὀλύμπια. |
| 10 | Ὀλύμπια | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | N-----NPN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 νικῶσι | obj | high | Object of νικῶσι, the Olympic games. |
| 11 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | V-3PRA-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active, ‘has been established/ordained’. |
| 12 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 13 αὐτῆς | case | high | Elided preposition governing αὐτῆς. |
| 13 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P-----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 14 δίδοσθαι | obl | high | Genitive source with ἀπό; refers to the olive tree. |
| 14 | δίδοσθαι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PNM/P--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 11 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Articular infinitival complement, passive ‘to be given’. |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---MAP--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 στεφάνους | det | high | Article with στεφάνους. |
| 16 | στεφάνους | στέφανος | NOUN | N-----MAP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 δίδοσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the passive infinitive or, equivalently, its promoted object. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 καθέστηκεν | punct | high |
τούτου πλησίον τοῦ κοτίνου πεποίηται Νύμφαις βωμός·
The phrase πλησίον τούτου ... τοῦ κοτίνου gives the altar’s location; Νύμφαις is a dative of dedication, ‘for/to the Nymphs.’
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | DSGNN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 2 πλησίον | obl | high | Genitive of reference/location after πλησίον. |
| 2 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | ADV | _ | 5 πεποίηται | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘near’; governs the following genitive phrase. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DGSNM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 κοτίνου | det | high | |
| 4 | κοτίνου | κότινος | NOUN | NGSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 πλησίον | obl | high | Genitive complement of πλησίον. |
| 5 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle/passive form, here impersonal/passive ‘has been made/set up’. |
| 6 | Νύμφαις | Νύμφη | PROPN | N-DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 βωμός | nmod | medium | Dative of dedication; treated as a proper-name plural for the Nymphs. |
| 7 | βωμός | βωμός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive construction: ‘an altar has been made’. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πεποίηται | punct | high |