Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.15.5

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Passage 5.15.5

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3sentences parsed

69Greek tokens

2,368input tokens

5,190output tokens

Sentence 1

5.15.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 16
Input: 720
Output: 1,237
Total: 1,957

ἰόντι δὲ ἐπὶ τὴν ἄφεσιν τῶν ἵππων ἔστι βωμός, ἐπίγραμμα δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Μοιραγέτα·

The sentence has an impersonal/dative-participial construction: ἰόντι is a dative singular participle with an understood traveler, while ἐπίγραμμα is a verbless nominal clause (‘the inscription [is] ...’); Μοιραγέτα is the inscription’s name/title.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἰόντι	εἶμι	VERB	V- Ptcp Dat Sg Pres Act	Case=Dat\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	8 ἔστι	advcl	high	Dative circumstantial participle, with an understood person proceeding.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἰόντι	cc	high
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	5 ἄφεσιν	case	high	Takes the accusative here, expressing direction.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ἄφεσιν	det	high
5	ἄφεσιν	ἄφεσις	NOUN	N-AFS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἰόντι	obl	high	Goal/directional complement of ἰόντι.
6	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 ἵππων	det	high
7	ἵππων	ἵππος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 ἄφεσιν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ἄφεσιν: release of the horses.
8	ἔστι	εἰμί	VERB	V-PIA3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Existential/presentative verb introducing βωμός.
9	βωμός	βωμός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἔστι	nsubj	high	Subject of existential ἔστι.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔστι	punct	high
11	ἐπίγραμμα	ἐπίγραμμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 Μοιραγέτα	nsubj	medium	Subject of a verbless nominal clause, understood ‘the inscription [is] Μοιραγέτα’; alternatively appositional/predicative analysis is possible.
12	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 ἐπίγραμμα	cc	high
13	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	14 αὐτῷ	case	high	Elided form of ἐπί; takes dative with locative sense.
14	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	11 ἐπίγραμμα	obl	high	Refers to the altar (βωμός), ‘on it’.
15	Μοιραγέτα	Μοιραγέτης	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἔστι	parataxis	medium	Proper name/title in the verbless inscription clause; form is indeclinable or may represent a nominative masculine name.
16	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔστι	punct	high

Sentence 2

5.15.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 21
Input: 776
Output: 1,757
Total: 2,533

δῆλα οὖν ἐστιν ἐπίκλησιν εἶναι Διὸς ὃς τὰ ἀνθρώπων οἶδεν, ὅσα διδόασιν αἱ Μοῖραι καὶ ὅσα μὴ πέπρωταί σφισι.

The construction is impersonal δῆλα ἐστίν with an accusative-and-infinitive complement (ἐπίκλησιν εἶναι Διός); ὅς refers to Ζεύς/Διός, and the two ὅσα clauses are coordinated objects of οἶδεν, with πέπρωται governing dative σφισι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	δῆλα	δῆλος	ADJ	A-P---NA-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	3 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Neuter plural subject/predicate adjective in impersonal construction.
2	οὖν	οὖν	ADV	D--------	_	3 ἐστιν	advmod	high	Inferential particle.
3	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V3SPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular/impersonal finite predicate.
4	ἐπίκλησιν	ἐπίκλησις	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 εἶναι	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive in ACI.
5	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PNA---	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	3 ἐστιν	ccomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἐστιν.
6	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	N-GSM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 ἐπίκλησιν	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on ἐπίκλησιν, ‘invocation/name of Zeus’.
7	ὃς	ὅς	PRON	P-RNS---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	10 οἶδεν	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun referring to Zeus.
8	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ἀνθρώπων	det	high	Article in substantivized phrase τὰ ἀνθρώπων.
9	ἀνθρώπων	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-GPM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 οἶδεν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on substantivized τὰ, ‘human affairs/things’.
10	οἶδεν	οἶδα	VERB	V3S完IA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	5 εἶναι	acl:relcl	high	Perfect-form verb with present meaning, governing τὰ ἀνθρώπων and the following ὅσα clauses.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 οἶδεν	punct	high
12	ὅσα	ὅσος	PRON	P-APN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	13 διδόασιν	obj	high	Free relative object, ‘as many things as’; coordinated with the next ὅσα clause.
13	διδόασιν	δίδωμι	VERB	V3PPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 οἶδεν	conj	high	Verb of first coordinated free-relative clause.
14	αἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPF---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 Μοῖραι	det	high	Article modifying Μοῖραι.
15	Μοῖραι	Μοῖρα	PROPN	N-NPF---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 διδόασιν	nsubj	high	The Fates as subject of διδόασιν.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	19 πέπρωταί	cc	high	Coordinates the two ὅσα clauses.
17	ὅσα	ὅσος	PRON	P-NPN---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	19 πέπρωταί	nsubj	medium	Neuter plural subject of πέπρωται in the second free-relative clause; alternatively treated as an accusative-like free relative by some analyses.
18	μὴ	μή	PART	Q--------	Polarity=Neg	19 πέπρωταί	advmod	high	Negative particle.
19	πέπρωταί	πορτάω	VERB	V3SΡRIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Pass	10 οἶδεν	conj	medium	Impersonal/passive perfect ‘has been allotted’; lemma and agreement are morphologically irregular in the transmitted form.
20	σφισι	σφεῖς	PRON	PXP-DPM---	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	19 πέπρωταί	iobj	high	Dative of reference with πέπρωται, ‘for them’.
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	3 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 4

5.15.5 sentence 4

Tokens: 32
Input: 872
Output: 2,196
Total: 3,068

ἐν δὲ τῶν ἵππων τῇ ἀφέσει ἐν μὲν τῷ ὑπαίθρῳ, τῆς ἀφέσεως κατὰ μέσον που μάλιστα, Ποσειδῶνος Ἱππίου καὶ Ἥρας εἰσὶν Ἱππίας βωμοί, πρὸς δὲ τῷ κίονι Διοσκούρων.

The sentence has an omitted/copular locative construction: βωμοί εἰσίν is the predicate, with preceding ἐν-phrases locating the altars; Διοσκούρων after πρὸς τῷ κίονι is a genitive dependent on an elliptical altar designation. The first ἐν phrase modifies ἀφέσει, while τῶν ἵππων is genitive dependent on ἀφέσει.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	6 ἀφέσει	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 εἰσὶν	cc	high
3	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T- GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 ἵππων	det	high
4	ἵππων	ἵππος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 ἀφέσει	nmod	high
5	τῇ	ὁ	DET	T- DFS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 ἀφέσει	det	high
6	ἀφέσει	ἄφεσις	NOUN	N- DFS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 εἰσὶν	obl	high	Locative reference: 'at the starting-place/release of the horses'.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	10 ὑπαίθρῳ	case	high
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	PTCL	_	23 εἰσὶν	discourse	high	Correlative μέν anticipates δέ.
9	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T- DNS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 ὑπαίθρῳ	det	high
10	ὑπαίθρῳ	ὕπαιθρος	ADJ	A- DNS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 εἰσὶν	obl	high	Substantivized adjective: 'in the open air/outdoors'.
11	,	,	PUNCT	PUNC	_	23 εἰσὶν	punct	high
12	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T- GFS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	13 ἀφέσεως	det	high
13	ἀφέσεως	ἄφεσις	NOUN	N- GFS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 μέσον	nmod	high
14	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	15 μέσον	case	high
15	μέσον	μέσος	ADJ	A- ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 μάλιστα	obl	medium	Adverbial/substantivized accusative: 'toward/in the middle'.
16	που	πού	ADV	ADV	_	17 μάλιστα	advmod	high	Indefinite/adverbial particle, 'somewhere/about'.
17	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV	_	23 εἰσὶν	advmod	high	Superlative adverb modifying the positional phrase.
18	,	,	PUNCT	PUNC	_	23 εἰσὶν	punct	high
19	Ποσειδῶνος	Ποσειδῶν	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 Ἱππίας	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on Ἱππίας βωμοί.
20	Ἱππίου	Ἵππιος	PROPN	A-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 Ποσειδῶνος	amod	high	Divine epithet agreeing with Ποσειδῶνος.
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	22 Ἥρας	cc	high
22	Ἥρας	Ἥρα	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 Ἱππίας	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on Ἱππίας βωμοί.
23	εἰσὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V- PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copula with postposed plural subject βωμοί.
24	Ἱππίας	Ἵππιος	ADJ	A- NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	25 βωμοί	amod	high	Feminine plural epithet agreeing with βωμοί.
25	βωμοί	βωμός	NOUN	N-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 εἰσὶν	nsubj	high
26	,	,	PUNCT	PUNC	_	23 εἰσὶν	punct	high
27	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	30 κίονι	case	high
28	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	30 κίονι	cc	medium	Connects the second locative phrase, with an elliptical continuation of the altar description.
29	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T- DMS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 κίονι	det	high
30	κίονι	κίων	NOUN	N- DMS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 εἰσὶν	obl	high	Locative phrase: 'by/beside the column'.
31	Διοσκούρων	Διόσκουροι	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	30 κίονι	nmod	medium	Genitive likely specifies the column or an elliptical altar/shrine associated with the Dioscuri.
32	.	.	PUNCT	PUNC	_	23 εἰσὶν	punct	high

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