Grammar parses for passage 5.16.2
Open translation for this passage
διὰ πέμπτου δὲ ὑφαίνουσιν ἔτους τῇ Ἥρᾳ πέπλον αἱ ἓξ καὶ δέκα γυναῖκες· αἱ δὲ αὐταὶ τιθέασι καὶ ἀγῶνα Ἡραῖα.
The first clause has a temporal genitive phrase διά πέμπτου ἔτους and a coordinated subject γυναῖκες; the second clause coordinates τιθέασι with the first verb, with Ἡραῖα naming the contest ἀγών.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | case | high | With genitive, expressing recurrence ('every fifth year'). |
| 2 | πέμπτου | πέμπτος | ADJ | A--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔτους | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτους. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ὑφαίνουσιν | ὑφαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb; subject follows. |
| 5 | ἔτους | ἔτος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | obl | high | Genitive temporal expression with διά. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἥρᾳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 πέπλον | iobj | high | Recipient/dedicatee of the woven peplos. |
| 8 | πέπλον | πέπλος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of ὑφαίνουσιν. |
| 9 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 γυναῖκες | det | high | |
| 10 | ἓξ | ἕξ | NUM | M-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 γυναῖκες | nummod | medium | Cardinal agreeing syntactically with γυναῖκες; indeclinable in form. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 δέκα | cc | high | Coordinates the two numerals. |
| 12 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἓξ | conj | medium | Second coordinated numeral; numeral phrase means sixteen. |
| 13 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of both coordinated predicates. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | punct | high | |
| 15 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 αὐταὶ | det | high | Substantivizes αὐταί. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 τιθέασι | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the second clause. |
| 17 | αὐταὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 18 τιθέασι | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject, referring to the sixteen women. |
| 18 | τιθέασι | τίθημι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ὑφαίνουσιν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἀγῶνα | cc | high | Coordinates ἀγῶνα with the preceding object/predicate structure. |
| 20 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τιθέασι | obj | high | Direct object of τιθέασι. |
| 21 | Ἡραῖα | Ἡραῖα | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 ἀγῶνα | appos | high | Name of the contest, in apposition to ἀγῶνα. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 τιθέασι | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ ἀγών ἐστιν ἅμιλλα δρόμου παρθένοις· οὔτι που πᾶσαι ἡλικίας τῆς αὐτῆς,
The first clause is copular: “the contest is a race-competition for maidens.” After the semicolon, the text is elliptical; πᾶσαι likely begins a verbless qualification, with οὔτι and που modifying the omitted predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀγών | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἀγών | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγών | ἀγών | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἅμιλλα | ἅμιλλα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative/complement of εἰμί. |
| 6 | δρόμου | δρόμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἅμιλλα | nmod | high | Genitive of specification/type. |
| 7 | παρθένοις | παρθένος | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἅμιλλα | obl | medium | Dative associated with the contest, likely participants/interest. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 9 | οὔτι | οὔτι | PART | _ | _ | 11 πᾶσαι | advmod | medium | Negative particle/adverbial form; scope in the elliptical second clause is uncertain. |
| 10 | που | που | PART | _ | _ | 11 πᾶσαι | discourse | medium | Enclitic particle, perhaps softening the assertion. |
| 11 | πᾶσαι | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | low | Elliptical clause after the semicolon; likely subject of an unexpressed copula/predicate. |
| 12 | ἡλικίας | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πᾶσαι | nmod | medium | Genitive, likely specifying age/class. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἡλικίας | det | high | |
| 14 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἡλικίας | amod | high | Intensifying/identity adjective: of the same age. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 πᾶσαι | punct | high |
ἀλλὰ πρῶται μὲν αἱ νεώταται, μετὰ ταύτας δὲ αἱ τῇ ἡλικίᾳ δεύτεραι, τελευταῖαι δὲ θέουσιν ὅσαι πρεσβύταται τῶν παρθένων εἰσί.
Elliptical coordinated clauses: πρῶται/δεύτεραι/τελευταῖαι are predicative subjects with omitted finite verbs in the first two clauses; θέουσιν supplies the overt verb for the final clause. ὅσαι introduces a relative clause modifying παρθένων/its implied subject, while τῶν παρθένων is a partitive genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 θέουσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | πρῶται | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 θέουσιν | nsubj | medium | Predicative subject of an omitted πρώτη clause verb, coordinated with the overt final clause. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 2 πρῶται | discourse | high | |
| 4 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 νεώταται | det | high | |
| 5 | νεώταται | νέος | ADJ | A-NPF-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 πρῶται | nsubj | medium | Substantivized superlative; subject of the omitted first finite verb. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 πρῶται | punct | high | |
| 7 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 ταύτας | case | high | |
| 8 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | D-APF | Case=Acc|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 δεύτεραι | obl | high | Object of μετά, meaning 'after these'. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 δεύτεραι | cc | high | |
| 10 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 δεύτεραι | det | high | |
| 11 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἡλικίᾳ | det | high | |
| 12 | ἡλικίᾳ | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δεύτεραι | obl | high | Dative of respect: 'second in age'. |
| 13 | δεύτεραι | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 θέουσιν | conj | medium | Predicative subject of an omitted verb, coordinated with πρῶται and θέουσιν. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δεύτεραι | punct | high | |
| 15 | τελευταῖαι | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 θέουσιν | nsubj | high | Predicative subject of θέουσιν. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 θέουσιν | cc | high | |
| 17 | θέουσιν | θέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb governing the final coordinated clause. |
| 18 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | PRON | R-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 πρεσβύταται | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun, subject of εἰσί. |
| 19 | πρεσβύταται | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-NPF-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 εἰσί | xcomp | medium | Superlative predicate adjective in the relative clause. |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 παρθένων | det | high | |
| 21 | παρθένων | παρθένος | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 πρεσβύταται | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with the superlative. |
| 22 | εἰσί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 ὅσαι | acl:relcl | high | Copular verb of the relative clause. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 θέουσιν | punct | high |