Grammar parses for passage 5.16.3
Open translation for this passage
θέουσι δὲ οὕτω· καθεῖταί σφισιν ἡ κόμη, χιτὼν ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ γόνατος καθήκει, τὸν ὦμον ἄχρι τοῦ στήθους φαίνουσι τὸν δεξιόν.
The sentence contains coordinated clauses: θέουσι is the root predicate; καθεῖταί introduces a second clause with κόμη as subject and σφισιν as dative possessor/experiencer. χιτών is a verbless/nominative continuation with καθήκει as predicate; φαίνουσι has an implicit subject and takes τὸν δεξιόν ὦμον as object, with ἄχρι τοῦ στήθους as extent phrase. The exact parsing of καθεῖταί is somewhat uncertain because the form is orthographically contracted/variant.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θέουσι | θέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 1 θέουσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D | _ | 1 θέουσι | advmod | high | Form οὕτω is the apocopated adverb. |
| 4 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 θέουσι | punct | high | |
| 5 | καθεῖταί | καθίημι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 1 θέουσι | conj | low | Orthographic/lexical form is uncertain; interpreted as a middle/passive predicate meaning 'is let down/hangs'. |
| 6 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3DPN | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 5 καθεῖταί | iobj | high | Third-person plural dative pronoun, functioning as possessor/affected participant. |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 κόμη | det | high | |
| 8 | κόμη | κόμη | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 καθεῖταί | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 καθεῖταί | punct | high | |
| 10 | χιτὼν | χιτών | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 καθήκει | nsubj | medium | Nominative subject of καθήκει in a verbless/continuative clause. |
| 11 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ὑπὲρ | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, modifying the extent expression. |
| 12 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 13 γόνατος | case | high | |
| 13 | γόνατος | γόνυ | NOUN | N-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὀλίγον | nmod | high | |
| 14 | καθήκει | καθήκω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 καθεῖταί | parataxis | medium | Predicate of the nominative χιτών clause; relation to καθεῖταί may also be analyzed as coordination. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 14 καθήκει | punct | high | |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὦμον | det | high | |
| 17 | ὦμον | ὦμος | NOUN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 φαίνουσι | obj | high | |
| 18 | ἄχρι | ἄχρι | ADP | P | _ | 20 στήθους | case | high | |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 στήθους | det | high | |
| 20 | στήθους | στῆθος | NOUN | N-GNS | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 φαίνουσι | obl | high | Extent/endpoint phrase with ἄχρι. |
| 21 | φαίνουσι | φαίνω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 καθήκει | conj | high | Coordinated predicate with implicit plural subject. |
| 22 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 δεξιόν | det | high | |
| 23 | δεξιόν | δεξιός | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὦμον | amod | high | Adjective agrees with ὦμον; determiner τὸν is token 22. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 21 φαίνουσι | punct | high |
ἀποδεδειγμένον μὲν δὴ ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνά ἐστι καὶ ταύταις τὸ Ὀλυμπικὸν στάδιον, ἀφαιροῦσι δὲ αὐταῖς ἐς τὸν δρόμον τοῦ σταδίου τὸ ἕκτον μάλιστα·
The first clause is elliptical: ἀποδεδειγμένον ἐστι takes a predicative/measurement expression, with τὸ Ὀλυμπικὸν στάδιον coordinated to the dative ταύταις; the second clause explicitly states subtraction of the sixth part.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποδεδειγμένον | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | V-RAP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 7 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Perfect passive participle, predicative with ἐστι; neuter nominative singular. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 7 ἐστι | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PTCL | _ | 7 ἐστι | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἀγῶνά | case | high | Epic/poetic variant of εἰς. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀγῶνά | det | high | |
| 6 | ἀγῶνά | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀποδεδειγμένον | obl | medium | Prepositional phrase with ἐς; semantic complement of ἀποδεδειγμένον. |
| 7 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ταύταις | cc | high | |
| 9 | ταύταις | οὗτος | PRON | D-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἐστι | obl | medium | Dative of respect/association, ‘for these/as regards these’; antecedent is understood plural feminine. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 στάδιον | det | high | |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπικὸν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | A-SNN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 στάδιον | amod | high | |
| 12 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ταύταις | conj | medium | Accusative noun coordinated with an omitted/complementary predicate idea; syntactic attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἀφαιροῦσι | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐστι | parataxis | high | New coordinated clause after the comma. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἀφαιροῦσι | cc | high | |
| 16 | αὐταῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἀφαιροῦσι | iobj | high | Dative object/recipient with ἀφαιροῦσι. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 δρόμον | case | high | Epic/poetic variant of εἰς. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 δρόμον | det | high | |
| 19 | δρόμον | δρόμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀφαιροῦσι | obl | high | |
| 20 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 σταδίου | det | high | |
| 21 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 δρόμον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δρόμον. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἕκτον | det | high | Article substantivizing the ordinal numeral. |
| 23 | ἕκτον | ἕκτος | NUM | A-SNN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀφαιροῦσι | obj | medium | Substantivized ordinal, ‘the sixth [part]’; object of ἀφαιροῦσι. |
| 24 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-SUP | Degree=Sup | 23 ἕκτον | advmod | high | |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀφαιροῦσι | punct | high |
ταῖς δὲ νικώσαις ἐλαίας τε διδόασι στεφάνους καὶ βοὸς μοῖραν τεθυμένης τῇ Ἥρᾳ,
The main construction is διδόασι with dative recipient νικώσαις and coordinated accusative gifts; βοὸς μοῖραν τεθυμένης τῇ Ἥρᾳ is a compressed sacrificial phrase, so attachment of the participial group is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | D-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 νικώσαις | det | high | Article with νικώσαις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 διδόασι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | νικώσαις | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 διδόασι | iobj | medium | Present active dative participle, substantivized: to the victorious women. |
| 4 | ἐλαίας | ἐλαία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 διδόασι | obj | high | Accusative object of διδόασι. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐλαίας | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 6 | διδόασι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb; subject is implicit third-person plural. |
| 7 | στεφάνους | στέφανος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 διδόασι | obj | high | Second accusative object of διδόασι, coordinated with ἐλαίας. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 στεφάνους | cc | high | Coordinates the two gifts. |
| 9 | βοὸς | βοῦς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 μοῖραν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μοῖραν. |
| 10 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 διδόασι | obj | high | Accusative object of διδόασι: a portion. |
| 11 | τεθυμένης | θύω | VERB | V-RPP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 9 βοὸς | acl | medium | Perfect passive genitive participle agreeing with βοός; elliptical or semantically difficult construction, likely relating to the sacrificed ox. |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | D-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἥρᾳ | det | high | Article with Ἥρᾳ. |
| 13 | Ἥρᾳ | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τεθυμένης | obl | medium | Dative of sacrificial dedication with τεθυμένης; syntactically the phrase is somewhat compressed. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 διδόασι | punct | high | Comma. |
καὶ δὴ ἀναθεῖναί σφισιν ἔστι γραψαμέναις εἰκόνας.
The infinitive ἀναθεῖναί is the syntactic subject of existential ἔστι; σφισιν is a dative of reference. γραψαμέναις is formally aorist middle participle, dative feminine plural, agreeing with an understood feminine plural noun (likely the women/subjects) and semantically linked to εἰκόνας; the exact attachment is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | _ | 5 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | ἄρα δή | {}= | 5 ἔστι | discourse | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἀναθεῖναί | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V--NAI-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἔστι | nsubj | high | Articular-less infinitival subject of ἔστι. |
| 4 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3D | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 3 ἀναθεῖναί | iobj | high | Dative of reference/beneficiary. |
| 5 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentive construction. |
| 6 | γραψαμέναις | γράφω | VERB | V-ADP-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ἀναθεῖναί | advcl | low | Dative feminine plural aorist middle participle; attachment and understood controller are uncertain. |
| 7 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 γραψαμέναις | obj | medium | Accusative plural object of γράψασθαι/γραψαμέναις in the compressed construction. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔστι | punct | high |
εἰσὶ δὲ καὶ αἱ διακονούμεναι ταῖς ἑκκαίδεκα κατὰ ταὐτὰ ταῖς ἀγωνοθετούσαις γυναῖκες.
εἰσὶ is existential/copular with postposed subject γυναῖκες; the two participles are attributive, coordinated by the shared κατὰ ταὐτά comparison. The form ἑκκαίδεκα is indeclinable; ταῖς ἑκκαίδεκα is dative plural, governed by διακονέω.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | cc | high | Additive conjunction. |
| 4 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPF | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 γυναῖκες | det | high | |
| 5 | διακονούμεναι | διακονέω | VERB | V-PPNFP | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 γυναῖκες | acl | high | Attributive passive participle, agreeing with γυναῖκες. |
| 6 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἑκκαίδεκα | det | high | |
| 7 | ἑκκαίδεκα | ἑκκαίδεκα | NUM | ADJ-DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 5 διακονούμεναι | obl | medium | Indeclinable numeral; dative is syntactically governed by διακονέω, with feminine plural agreement supplied by the article. |
| 8 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 9 ταὐτὰ | case | high | Accusative-governing preposition. |
| 9 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | PRON | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 11 ἀγωνοθετούσαις | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural; means 'the same things/manner' in the comparison. |
| 10 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἀγωνοθετούσαις | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀγωνοθετούσαις | ἀγωνοθετέω | VERB | V-PAP-DFP | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 γυναῖκες | acl | high | Attributive active participle, agreeing with γυναῖκες. |
| 12 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | Postposed nominative subject of εἰσὶ. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰσὶ | punct | high |