Grammar parses for passage 5.17.11
Open translation for this passage
κεῖνται δὲ καὶ τρίποδες, ἆθλα δὴ τοῖς νικῶσι, καὶ θυγατέρες εἰσὶν αἱ Πελίου· τὸ δὲ ὄνομα ἐπὶ τῇ Ἀλκήστιδι γέγραπται μόνῃ.
The syntax is a sequence of coordinated clauses with appositional nominative material in the first clause and a final passive perfect clause introduced by ἐπί + dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖνται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-3P-PRM | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 1 κεῖνται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 τρίποδες | cc | high | Connects τρίποδες with preceding clause content. |
| 4 | τρίποδες | τρίπους | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 κεῖνται | nsubj | high | Subject of κεῖνται. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 τρίποδες | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 6 | ἆθλα | ἆθλον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 κεῖνται | appos | medium | Likely appositional/explanatory predicate to τρίποδες. |
| 7 | δὴ | δή | PART | PCL | _ | 6 ἆθλα | discourse | medium | Emphatic particle attached to ἆθλα phrase. |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 νικῶσι | det | high | Article modifying νικῶσι. |
| 9 | νικῶσι | νικάω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἆθλα | nmod | high | Attributive participle in dative, with article. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 νικῶσι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 θυγατέρες | cc | high | Connects second finite clause to the first. |
| 12 | θυγατέρες | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσίν. |
| 13 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3P-IAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 κεῖνται | conj | high | Coordinated finite clause with κεῖνται. |
| 14 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | P-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 Πελίου | det | high | Article with Πελίου. |
| 15 | Πελίου | Πελίος | PROPN | N-APM? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θυγατέρες | nmod | medium | Genitive possessive/name modifier; form likely genitive singular of Πελίας/Πελίος. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἰσὶν | punct | high | Colon/medial punctuation. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PCL | _ | 23 γέγραπται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective for the final clause. |
| 19 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of γέγραπται. |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 22 Ἀλκήστιδι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 21 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἀλκήστιδι | det | high | Article with Ἀλκήστιδι. |
| 22 | Ἀλκήστιδι | Ἀλκήστις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 γέγραπται | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί. |
| 23 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-3S-PRM | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 13 εἰσὶν | conj | high | Final coordinated clause. |
| 24 | μόνῃ | μόνος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀλκήστιδι | amod | medium | Adjective agreeing with Ἀλκήστιδι, likely ‘alone/only’ in dative. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 γέγραπται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἰόλαος δέ, ὃς ἐθελοντὴς μετεῖχεν Ἡρακλεῖ τῶν ἔργων, ἔστιν ἵππων ἅρματι ἀνῃρημένος νίκην.
The clause ἔστιν ἵππων ἅρματι ἀνῃρημένος νίκην is syntactically compressed; ἀνῃρημένος is treated as a predicative participle with instrumental dative ἅρματι and genitive ἵππων modifying it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἰόλαος | Ἰόλαος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μετεῖχεν | nsubj | high | Subject of μετεῖχεν. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | D | _ | 6 μετεῖχεν | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 μετεῖχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 4 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 6 μετεῖχεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Ἰόλαος. |
| 5 | ἐθελοντὴς | ἐθελοντής | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μετεῖχεν | advcl | medium | Likely predicative/appositional phrase with ὃς; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | μετεῖχεν | μετέχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 Ἰόλαος | acl:relcl | high | Finite verb of the relative clause modifying Ἰόλαος. |
| 7 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μετεῖχεν | obl | high | Dative complement of μετέχω. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-PMF | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ἔργων | det | high | Article modifying ἔργων. |
| 9 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 μετεῖχεν | obj | high | Genitive complement with μετέχω. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb serving as sentence root. |
| 12 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἅρματι | nmod | medium | Genitive modifier of ἅρματι; relation somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | ἅρματι | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνῃρημένος | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument with ἀνῃρημένος. |
| 14 | ἀνῃρημένος | αἱρέω | VERB | V-RPM-SM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Predicative participle complementing ἔστιν. |
| 15 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνῃρημένος | obj | medium | Object of ἀνῃρημένος; sense likely 'winning a victory' or 'having won victory'. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἔστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου ἀγὼν μὲν ὁ ἐπὶ Πελίᾳ πέπαυται, τὴν ὕδραν δέ, τὸ ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ τῇ Ἀμυμώνῃ θηρίον, Ἡρακλεῖ τοξεύοντι Ἀθηνᾶ παρέστηκεν· ἅτε δὲ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους ὄντος οὐκ ἀγνώστου τοῦ τε ἄθλου χάριν καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ σχήματι, τὸ ὄνομα οὐκ ἔστιν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ γεγραμμένον.
The sentence has two main clauses (πέπαυται, παρέστηκεν) and then a genitive absolute introducing a causal explanation for why the name is not inscribed on it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγὼν | det | high | Article with ἀγών. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 10 πέπαυται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 4 τούτου | case | high | Introduces source/origin phrase. |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | p-s---gn- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἀγὼν | nmod | high | Dependent of ἀγών. |
| 5 | ἀγὼν | ἀγών | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πέπαυται | nsubj | high | Subject of πέπαυται. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 5 ἀγὼν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀγὼν | det | high | Article with embedded phrase ἐπὶ Πελίᾳ. |
| 8 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 9 Πελίᾳ | case | high | With dative, locative/associative. |
| 9 | Πελίᾳ | Πελίας | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀγὼν | nmod | high | Proper name in dative. |
| 10 | πέπαυται | παύω | VERB | v3sria-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate, perfect middle/passive form. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 πέπαυται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ὕδραν | det | high | Article with ὕδραν. |
| 13 | ὕδραν | ὕδρα | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέστηκεν | obj | medium | Object/theme of παρέστηκεν, with appositive explanation following. |
| 14 | δέ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 27 παρέστηκεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὕδραν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 θηρίον | det | high | Article with θηρίον. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 19 ποταμῷ | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 18 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ποταμῷ | det | high | Article with ποταμῷ. |
| 19 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 θηρίον | nmod | high | Head of prepositional modifier. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Ἀμυμώνῃ | det | high | Article with Ἀμυμώνῃ. |
| 21 | Ἀμυμώνῃ | Ἀμυμώνη | PROPN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ποταμῷ | nmod | high | Proper name dependent on ποταμῷ. |
| 22 | θηρίον | θηρίον | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ὕδραν | appos | high | Apposition to ὕδραν. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὕδραν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | Ἡρακλεῖ | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 παρέστηκεν | obl | high | Dative of reference/agent with παρέστηκεν. |
| 25 | τοξεύοντι | τοξεύω | VERB | v-sppamd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 Ἡρακλεῖ | acl | high | Participial modifier of Ἡρακλεῖ. |
| 26 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 παρέστηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέστηκεν. |
| 27 | παρέστηκεν | παρίστημι | VERB | v3sria-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause predicate; perfect with present result. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 παρέστηκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 33 ὄντος | mark | high | Causal/comparative particle with participial clause. |
| 30 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 33 ὄντος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 31 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 Ἡρακλέους | det | high | Article with Ἡρακλέους. |
| 32 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ὄντος | nsubj | high | Subject of participle ὄντος. |
| 33 | ὄντος | εἰμί | VERB | v-sppagm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 48 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 34 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | g-------- | _ | 35 ἀγνώστου | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 35 | ἀγνώστου | ἄγνωστος | ADJ | a-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ὄντος | advcl | medium | Likely linked in genitive absolute phrase with omitted copula; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 36 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 38 ἄθλου | det | high | Article with ἄθλου. |
| 37 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 38 ἄθλου | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 38 | ἄθλου | ἄθλος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 ἀγνώστου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀγνώστου. |
| 39 | χάριν | χάρις | ADP | r-------- | _ | 38 ἄθλου | case | high | Postposition taking genitive. |
| 40 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 41 ἐπὶ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 41 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 43 σχήματι | case | high | With dative, basis/reference. |
| 42 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 43 σχήματι | det | high | Article with σχήματι. |
| 43 | σχήματι | σχῆμα | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 ἄθλου | nmod | high | Coordinated with ἄθλου under χάριν. |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 35 ἀγνώστου | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 45 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 46 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 46 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 48 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστιν. |
| 47 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | g-------- | _ | 48 ἔστιν | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 48 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 49 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 50 αὐτῷ | case | high | With dative αὐτῷ. |
| 50 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | p-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 48 ἔστιν | obl | high | Oblique complement with ἐπί. |
| 51 | γεγραμμένον | γράφω | VERB | v-srppana- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 46 ὄνομα | amod | high | Predicative participle modifying ὄνομα. |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 48 ἔστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Φινεύς τε ὁ Θρᾷξ ἐστι, καὶ οἱ παῖδες οἱ Βορέου τὰς Ἁρπυίας ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ διώκουσιν.
Two coordinated clauses share the copular predicate structure in the first and the finite verb in the second; Φινεύς/Θρᾷξ form a nominal apposition, and οἱ παῖδες οἱ Βορέου is the subject of διώκουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Φινεύς | Φινεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 1 Φινεύς | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 Θρᾷξ | det | high | Article modifying Θρᾷξ. |
| 4 | Θρᾷξ | Θρᾷξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 Φινεύς | appos | high | Appositive predicate nominal with Φινεύς. |
| 5 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root of first clause. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 διώκουσιν | cc | high | Coordinator of the second clause. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 παῖδες | det | high | Article modifying παῖδες. |
| 9 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 16 διώκουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of διώκουσιν. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Definite=Def|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 11 Βορέου | det | high | Article modifying Βορέου. |
| 11 | Βορέου | Βορέας | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 παῖδες | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παῖδες. |
| 12 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Definite=Def|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 13 Ἁρπυίας | det | high | Article modifying Ἁρπυίας. |
| 13 | Ἁρπυίας | Ἁρπυῖα | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 16 διώκουσιν | obj | high | Direct object of διώκουσιν. |
| 14 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | Case=Genitive | 15 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτοῦ. |
| 15 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Person=Third | 16 διώκουσιν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique expressing source. |
| 16 | διώκουσιν | διώκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 5 ἐστι | conj | high | Second coordinated clause with καὶ. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |