Grammar parses for passage 5.18.1
Open translation for this passage
τῆς χώρας δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ λάρνακι τῆς δευτέρας ἐξ ἀριστερῶν μὲν γίνοιτο ἂν ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς περιόδου.
The sentence is elliptical/descriptive: ἡ ἀρχὴ τῆς περιόδου is the subject of γίνοιτο ἄν; τῆς χώρας is a partitive/genitival frame, and ἐπὶ τῇ λάρνακι τῆς δευτέρας specifies location/reference. The μὲν is correlative or left loosely adversative without an expressed δέ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 χώρας | det | high | |
| 2 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀρχὴ | nmod | medium | Genitive frame/partitive relation; exact attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 γίνοιτο | cc | medium | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 λάρνακι | case | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S--DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 λάρνακι | det | high | |
| 6 | λάρνακι | λάρναξ | NOUN | N--DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γίνοιτο | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐπί. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 δευτέρας | det | high | |
| 8 | δευτέρας | δεύτερος | ADJ | A--GFS | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 λάρνακι | amod | medium | Substantival adjective, likely modifying an elided λάρνακος or related noun. |
| 9 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἀριστερῶν | case | high | |
| 10 | ἀριστερῶν | ἀριστερός | ADJ | A--GPN | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 γίνοιτο | obl | medium | Substantival neuter plural, ‘from the left’; gender/number supported by form but construction is elliptical. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Q-------- | _ | 12 γίνοιτο | discourse | medium | Correlative particle; no overt δέ follows in this sentence. |
| 12 | γίνοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SMMIA | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Potential optative with ἄν. |
| 13 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | Q-------- | _ | 12 γίνοιτο | aux | high | Modal particle marking potentiality. |
| 14 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S--NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἀρχὴ | det | high | |
| 15 | ἀρχὴ | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γίνοιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 περιόδου | det | high | |
| 17 | περιόδου | περίοδος | NOUN | N--GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀρχὴ | nmod | high | |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γίνοιτο | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ γυνὴ παῖδα λευκὸν καθεύδοντα ἀνέχουσα τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρί, τῇ δὲ ἑτέρᾳ μέλανα ἔχει παῖδα καθεύδοντι ἐοικότα, ἀμφοτέρους διεστραμμένους τοὺς πόδας.
The first participial phrase describes the woman holding a white sleeping child; the second clause has an understood subject γυνή and an accusative παῖδα with participial/comparative modifiers. The final accusatives ἀμφοτέρους τοὺς πόδας are a shared object of the depiction/holding construction; attachment of διεστραμμένους is treated as predicative modifier of πόδας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect middle, likely ‘is made/depicted’; subject γυνή. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέχουσα | obj | high | Object of ἀνέχουσα. |
| 5 | λευκὸν | λευκός | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παῖδα | amod | high | |
| 6 | καθεύδοντα | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 παῖδα | acl | high | |
| 7 | ἀνέχουσα | ἀνέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 πεποίηται | advcl | high | Predicated of γυνή; takes παῖδα as object. |
| 8 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δεξιᾷ | det | high | |
| 9 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 χειρί | amod | high | |
| 10 | χειρί | χείρ | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέχουσα | obl | high | Instrumental/locative dative: with/in the right hand. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέχουσα | punct | high | |
| 12 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἑτέρᾳ | det | high | |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἔχει | cc | high | Correlative contrast with τῇ δεξιᾷ χειρί. |
| 14 | ἑτέρᾳ | ἕτερος | ADJ | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἔχει | obl | high | Dative of instrument/association, with χειρί understood. |
| 15 | μέλανα | μέλας | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παῖδα | amod | high | |
| 16 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 πεποίηται | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate with γυνή as understood subject. |
| 17 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 18 | καθεύδοντι | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἐοικότα | obl | medium | Dative form is textually/grammatically difficult with accusative παῖδα; perhaps a transmitted agreement anomaly or instrumental/locative dative. |
| 19 | ἐοικότα | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 παῖδα | acl | medium | Perfect participle ‘resembling’; καθεύδοντι may belong with the comparison but its dative agreement is anomalous. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 21 | ἀμφοτέρους | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | A--AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 πόδας | det | high | Substantival adjective, modifying τοὺς πόδας. |
| 22 | διεστραμμένους | διαστρέφω | VERB | V-RPP-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 24 πόδας | amod | high | Perfect passive participle modifying πόδας. |
| 23 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P--AMP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 πόδας | det | high | |
| 24 | πόδας | πούς | NOUN | N--AMP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἔχει | obj | medium | Accusative likely coordinated/shared object in the descriptive construction; exact attachment is syntactically uncertain. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high |
δηλοῖ μὲν δὴ καὶ τὰ ἐπιγράμματα, συνεῖναι δὲ καὶ ἄνευ τῶν ἐπιγραμμάτων ἔστι Θάνατόν τε εἶναι σφᾶς καὶ Ὕπνον καὶ ἀμφοτέροις Νύκτα αὐτοῖς τροφόν.
The sentence contrasts δηλοῖ with an impersonal ἔστι + infinitival construction: the figures are understood as Θάνατος, Ὕπνος, with Νύξ as τροφός; some parsers may attach the second infinitival clause differently.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | discourse | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἐπιγράμματα | cc | high | Coordinates the subject phrase with the following infinitival construction. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐπιγράμματα | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐπιγράμματα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | punct | high | |
| 8 | συνεῖναι | σύνειμι | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἔστι | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in the impersonal construction with ἔστι. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 συνεῖναι | cc | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 συνεῖναι | cc | high | Adds the second evidential/possibility statement. |
| 11 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἐπιγραμμάτων | case | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπιγραμμάτων | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐπιγραμμάτων | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 συνεῖναι | obl | high | |
| 14 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 δηλοῖ | conj | medium | Impersonal ἔστι governs the infinitive συνεῖναι. |
| 15 | Θάνατόν | Θάνατος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι; personified name. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Θάνατόν | cc | high | Coordinates the personified figures. |
| 17 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 συνεῖναι | ccomp | high | Infinitive under συνεῖναι/ἔστι construction. |
| 18 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 17 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 Ὕπνον | cc | high | |
| 20 | Ὕπνον | ὕπνος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate accusative/personified name. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 Νύκτα | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | PRON | A-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 25 τροφόν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/possessor with τροφόν. |
| 23 | Νύκτα | Νύξ | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | conj | high | Third coordinated predicate accusative/personified name. |
| 24 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 τροφόν | iobj | medium | Dative complement with τροφόν; number follows the plural referent σφᾶς. |
| 25 | τροφόν | τροφος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative, coordinated with the named figures; Νύκτα is their nourisher. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δηλοῖ | punct | high |