Grammar parses for passage 5.18.4
Open translation for this passage
πεποίηνται δὲ καὶ ᾄδουσαι Μοῦσαι καὶ Ἀπόλλων ἐξάρχων τῆς ᾠδῆς, καί σφισιν ἐπίγραμμα γέγραπται· Λατοΐδας οὗτος τάχʼ ἄναξ ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων· Μοῦσαι δʼ ἀμφʼ αὐτόν, χαρίεις χορός, αἷσι κατάρχει.
Main clause: πεποίηνται governs the coordinated participial phrase ᾄδουσαι Μοῦσαι καὶ Ἀπόλλων ἐξάρχων τῆς ᾠδῆς; γέγραπται introduces the quoted epigram. In the epigram, κατάρχει takes dative αἷσι, referring to the Muses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηνται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RPAI3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=MedPass | 15 γέγραπται | conj | medium | Perfect middle/passive form; context suggests ‘have been represented/made’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πεποίηνται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ᾄδουσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the participial subject phrase. |
| 4 | ᾄδουσαι | ᾄδω | VERB | V-PAPNP | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 πεποίηνται | advcl | high | Circumstantial/predicative participle agreeing with Μοῦσαι. |
| 5 | Μοῦσαι | Μοῦσα | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ᾄδουσαι | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Ἀπόλλων | cc | high | |
| 7 | Ἀπόλλων | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ᾄδουσαι | conj | high | Coordinated with Μοῦσαι as another depicted/participial participant. |
| 8 | ἐξάρχων | ἐξάρχω | VERB | V-PAPMSN | Aspect=Imp|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 Ἀπόλλων | acl | high | Attributive/predicative participle agreeing with Ἀπόλλων. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ᾠδῆς | det | high | |
| 10 | ᾠδῆς | ᾠδή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐξάρχων | obl | high | Genitive dependent on ἐξάρχων. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηνται | punct | high | |
| 12 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 γέγραπται | cc | high | Coordinates the second main predicate. |
| 13 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3PD | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 15 γέγραπται | iobj | high | Dative of possession/association with ἐπίγραμμα γέγραπται. |
| 14 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 15 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RMPI3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate; πεποίηνται is coordinated with it. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 γέγραπται | punct | high | |
| 17 | Λατοΐδας | Λατοΐδας | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀπόλλων | appos | high | Patronymic epithet in the quoted inscription, appositional to Ἀπόλλων. |
| 18 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 22 Ἀπόλλων | det | medium | Demonstrative determiner/pronominal modifier with Ἀπόλλων. |
| 19 | τάχʼ | τάχα | ADV | ADV | _ | 22 Ἀπόλλων | advmod | high | Elided τάχα. |
| 20 | ἄναξ | ἄναξ | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀπόλλων | appos | high | Appositional title of Ἀπόλλων. |
| 21 | ἑκάεργος | ἑκάεργος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ἀπόλλων | amod | high | Epithet modifying Ἀπόλλων. |
| 22 | Ἀπόλλων | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 κατάρχει | nsubj | medium | Subject of κατάρχει; quoted verbless identification has an implied copula. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 Ἀπόλλων | punct | high | |
| 24 | Μοῦσαι | Μοῦσα | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 30 χορός | nsubj | high | Subject of the verbless phrase χαρίεις χορός, with Μοῦσαι understood as associated participants. |
| 25 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 Μοῦσαι | cc | high | Elided δέ. |
| 26 | ἀμφʼ | ἀμφί | ADP | PREP | _ | 27 αὐτόν | case | high | Elided ἀμφί, governing accusative. |
| 27 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 24 Μοῦσαι | obl | high | Object of ἀμφί, referring to Apollo. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 χορός | punct | high | |
| 29 | χαρίεις | χαρίεις | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 χορός | amod | high | Modifies χορός. |
| 30 | χορός | χορός | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 κατάρχει | nsubj | medium | Subject of κατάρχει in apposition/coordination with the Apollo-centered subject phrase. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 κατάρχει | punct | high | |
| 32 | αἷσι | ὅς | PRON | P-RDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 33 κατάρχει | iobj | high | Relative dative referring to Μοῦσαι; recipient/participant of κατάρχει. |
| 33 | κατάρχει | κατάρχω | VERB | V-PAI3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 γέγραπται | parataxis | medium | Quoted epigram predicate; singular number is compatible with Apollo as subject, while χορός is appositional/secondary. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 γέγραπται | punct | high |
Ἄτλας δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν τῶν ὤμων κατὰ τὰ λεγόμενα οὐρανόν τε ἀνέχει καὶ γῆν, φέρει δὲ καὶ τὰ Ἑσπερίδων μῆλα.
Ἄτλας is the subject of coordinated predicates ἀνέχει and φέρει; ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων modifies ἀνέχει, while κατὰ τὰ λεγόμενα is parenthetical ('according to the account'). The object οὐρανόν τε καὶ γῆν is coordinated; τὰ Ἑσπερίδων μῆλα is the object of φέρει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄτλας | Ἄτλας | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνέχει | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 16 φέρει | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator introducing the second predicate. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 6 ὤμων | case | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 12 ἀνέχει | advmod | high | Correlative particle, paired loosely with δὲ at token 17. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ὤμων | det | high | |
| 6 | ὤμων | ὦμος | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνέχει | obl | high | |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 9 λεγόμενα | case | medium | With τὰ λεγόμενα, introducing an idiomatic 'according to what is said' phrase. |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 λεγόμενα | det | high | |
| 9 | λεγόμενα | λέγω | VERB | vpppana- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἀνέχει | advcl | medium | Substantivized passive participle; parenthetical/absolute-like construction. |
| 10 | οὐρανόν | οὐρανός | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνέχει | obj | high | |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | d-------- | _ | 10 οὐρανόν | cc | high | Coordinates οὐρανόν with γῆν. |
| 12 | ἀνέχει | ἀνέχω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 14 γῆν | cc | high | Coordinates γῆν with οὐρανόν. |
| 14 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνέχει | conj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέχει | punct | high | |
| 16 | φέρει | φέρω | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνέχει | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 16 φέρει | cc | high | Coordinates φέρει with the preceding predicate. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 21 μῆλα | cc | high | Adverbial/additive καί introducing the object phrase. |
| 19 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 μῆλα | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἑσπερίδων | Ἑσπερίς | PROPN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 μῆλα | nmod | high | Genitive plural name, 'of the Hesperides'. |
| 21 | μῆλα | μῆλον | NOUN | n-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 φέρει | obj | high | |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέχει | punct | high |
γέγραπται δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ τούτοις· Ἄτλας οὐρανὸν οὗτος ἔχει, τὰ δὲ μᾶλα μεθήσει.
The opening is a passive impersonal perfect, ‘it has been written’; ἐπὶ τούτοις is a dative phrase, while the quoted verse has οὗτος as subject of ἔχει and τὰ μᾶλα as the object of μεθήσει. The future μεθήσει is taken as ‘will let go/release’; lexical identification is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal passive perfect: ‘it has been written’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 γέγραπται | advmod | high | Additive adverb, ‘also’. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 τούτοις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 5 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | PD-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 1 γέγραπται | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί, ‘about/on these matters’. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high | |
| 7 | Ἄτλας | Ἄτλας | PROPN | NPM-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Prs|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχει | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔχει. |
| 8 | οὐρανὸν | οὐρανός | NOUN | NPM-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχει | obj | high | Object of ἔχει. |
| 9 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 10 ἔχει | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject, ‘this one’. |
| 10 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | parataxis | high | Finite verb of the quoted verse; coordinated/paratactic with the preceding written clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DA-NPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 μᾶλα | det | high | Article substantivizing or accompanying μᾶλα. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 μεθήσει | cc | high | Connective introducing the second quoted clause. |
| 14 | μᾶλα | μῆλον | NOUN | NPN-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 μεθήσει | obj | medium | Epic/poetic form for ‘apples’; exact lexical analysis is somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | μεθήσει | μεθίημι | VERB | V-FAI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 10 ἔχει | conj | medium | Future active, probably ‘will let go/release’; subject is understood from context, likely οὗτος/Ἄτλας. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἔχει | punct | high |