Grammar parses for passage 5.18.5
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Ἄρης ὅπλα ἐνδεδυκώς, Ἀφροδίτην ἄγων·
Existential ἔστι introduces Ἄρης; ὅπλα ἐνδεδυκώς is an accusative-plus-participial idiom, with ὅπλα as the object of ἐνδύω and Ἀφροδίτην as the object of ἄγων. The exact attachment of the participial phrases is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 Ἄρης | advmod | high | Adverbial/additive καί. |
| 4 | Ἄρης | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐνδεδυκώς | obj | high | Accusative object with ἐνδεδυκώς in the idiom ‘wearing arms/armor’. |
| 6 | ἐνδεδυκώς | ἐνδύω | VERB | V-RAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 4 Ἄρης | advcl | medium | Perfect active participle; syntax is predicative/depictive with Ἄρης, while taking ὅπλα as object. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἐνδεδυκώς | punct | high | |
| 8 | Ἀφροδίτην | Ἀφροδίτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγων | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἄγων | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 Ἄρης | advcl | high | Coordinated/added depictive participle, sharing Ἄρης as understood subject. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
ἐπίγραμμα δὲ Ἐνυάλιός ἐστιν αὐτῷ.
Predicate nominal construction: Ἐνυάλιος is the nominative predicate of ἐστιν, while αὐτῷ is a dative of possession/reference; ἐπίγραμμα is the nominative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N--SN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἐνυάλιός | Ἐνυάλιος | PROPN | N--SMN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | predicative | high | Predicate nominative; Ἐνυάλιος is an epithet/name of Ares. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-SMD3S- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 4 ἐστιν | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ Θέτις παρθένος, λαμβάνεται δὲ αὐτῆς Πηλεύς, καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς χειρὸς τῆς Θέτιδος ὄφις ἐπὶ τὸν Πηλέα ἐστὶν ὁρμῶν.
Two coordinated clauses: Θέτις is predicated as παρθένος; Πηλεύς is the subject of λαμβάνεται (passive/medium, interpretation uncertain). In the final clause, ὄφις is subject of ἐστὶν ὁρμῶν, with ἀπὸ τῆς χειρὸς τῆς Θέτιδος as source and ἐπὶ τὸν Πηλέα as goal.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 4 Θέτις | conj | medium | Perfect middle/passive, coordinated with λαμβάνεται; subject Θέτις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C------ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | Coordinates the two predicates/clausal descriptions. |
| 4 | Θέτις | Θέτις | PROPN | N---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 λαμβάνεται | nsubj:pass | medium | Subject of πεποίηται and likely discourse subject of the first coordinated clause; attached here to the following predicate. |
| 5 | παρθένος | παρθένος | NOUN | N---NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative with πεποίηται. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 7 | λαμβάνεται | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-PEI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Morphologically passive; context may permit a middle-like sense. Πηλεύς is the syntactic subject. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C------ | _ | 7 λαμβάνεται | cc | high | |
| 9 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | P----GS3- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 7 λαμβάνεται | obl | medium | Genitive associated with λαμβάνεται, likely partitive or possessive/relational; exact construction uncertain. |
| 10 | Πηλεύς | Πηλεύς | PROPN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λαμβάνεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λαμβάνεται | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C------ | _ | 18 ὄφις | cc | high | Coordinates the final clause with the preceding clause. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R------ | _ | 18 ὄφις | case | high | |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 χειρὸς | det | high | |
| 15 | χειρὸς | χείρ | NOUN | N---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὄφις | obl | high | Object of ἀπό. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Θέτιδος | det | high | |
| 17 | Θέτιδος | Θέτις | PROPN | N---GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 χειρὸς | nmod | high | Dependent genitive specifying whose hand. |
| 18 | ὄφις | ὄφις | NOUN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R------ | _ | 21 Πηλέα | case | high | With accusative, marks goal/direction. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Πηλέα | det | high | |
| 21 | Πηλέα | Πηλεύς | PROPN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὁρμῶν | obl | high | Goal of ὁρμῶν with ἐπί. |
| 22 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Copular/auxiliary verb in the final clause; the sentence contains coordinated finite predicates, so this is analyzed as a second root-like conjunct. |
| 23 | ὁρμῶν | ὁρμάω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Predicative present participle with ἐστίν. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἐστὶν | punct | high |
αἱ δὲ ἀδελφαὶ Μεδούσης ἔχουσαι πτερὰ πετόμενον Περσέα εἰσὶ διώκουσαι·
The subject αἱ ἀδελφαὶ Μεδούσης is nominative plural; ἔχουσαι and διώκουσαι are coordinated/associated present participles, with πετόμενον agreeing with Περσέα as a predicative participle. εἰσὶ is the finite copula, and the participial predicate is somewhat compressed; attachment of πετόμενον is interpreted as predicative to Περσέα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | P---NFPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 ἀδελφαὶ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἀδελφαὶ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀδελφαὶ | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N--NFPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | Μεδούσης | Μέδουσα | PROPN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀδελφαὶ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀδελφαί. |
| 5 | ἔχουσαι | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NFPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 διώκουσαι | advcl | medium | Present participle associated with the subject; possibly coordinated with διώκουσαι. |
| 6 | πτερὰ | πτερόν | NOUN | N--NPA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχουσαι | obj | high | |
| 7 | πετόμενον | πέτομαι | VERB | V-PMP-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 Περσέα | acl | low | Interpreted as agreeing with Περσέα and predicating flight; form/attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 8 | Περσέα | Περσεύς | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 διώκουσαι | obj | high | |
| 9 | εἰσὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | διώκουσαι | διώκω | VERB | V-PAP-NFPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 εἰσὶ | xcomp | medium | Predicative participle complement of εἰσί. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσὶ | punct | high |