Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.18.6

← 5.18.5 5.18.7 →

Passage 5.18.6

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3sentences parsed

108Greek tokens

2,766input tokens

7,696output tokens

Sentence 1

5.18.6 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 794
Output: 1,801
Total: 2,595

στρατιωτικὰ δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ τρίτῃ χώρᾳ τῆς λάρνακος· τὸ μὲν πολύ εἰσιν ἐν αὐτοῖς οἱ πεζοί, πεποίηνται δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ συνωρίδων ἱππεῖς.

Coordination with two clauses: first nominal/existential clause describing military men in the ship-lid/drawer; second clause with πεποίηνται and a prepositional phrase of cavalry on chariots. The first clause has ellipsis of an explicit copula-like structure around τὸ πολύ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	στρατιωτικὰ	στρατιωτικός	ADJ	A---APN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 εἰσιν	obj	medium	Likely adverbial/accusative neuter plural used predicatively with εἰσιν; parsed as object-like nominal in the clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G---------	_	13 εἰσιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R---------	_	6 χώρᾳ	case	high	Introduces locative phrase.
4	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-S---FD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 χώρᾳ	det	high	Article with χώρᾳ.
5	τρίτῃ	τρίτος	ADJ	A-DS--FD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 χώρᾳ	amod	high	Modifier of χώρᾳ.
6	χώρᾳ	χώρα	NOUN	N-DS---F-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 εἰσιν	obl	high	Prepositional oblique with ἐπὶ.
7	τῆς	ὁ	DET	L-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 λάρνακος	det	high	Article with λάρνακος.
8	λάρνακος	λάρναξ	NOUN	N-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 χώρᾳ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of χώρᾳ.
9	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	13 εἰσιν	punct	high	Middle punctuation mark.
10	τὸ	ὁ	DET	L-S---AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 πολύ	det	high	Article with πολύ.
11	μὲν	μέν	PART	G---------	_	10 τὸ	discourse	high	Correlative particle, paired with δέ.
12	πολύ	πολύς	ADJ	A-S---AN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 εἰσιν	obl	medium	Likely adverbial accusative of measure/extent with εἰσιν.
13	εἰσιν	εἰμί	AUX	V3PPIA---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of first clause.
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R---------	_	13 εἰσιν	case	high	Introduces locative phrase.
15	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	A-P---DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	13 εἰσιν	obl	high	Prepositional object of ἐν.
16	οἱ	ὁ	DET	L-P---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 πεζοί	det	high	Article with πεζοί.
17	πεζοί	πεζός	NOUN	A-P---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 εἰσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of εἰσιν.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 πεποίηνται	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
19	πεποίηνται	ποιέω	VERB	V3PPRM---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of second clause.
20	δὲ	δέ	PART	G---------	_	19 πεποίηνται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
21	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G---------	_	22 ἐπὶ	cc	high	Connects the second prepositional phrase element.
22	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R---------	_	19 πεποίηνται	case	high	Introduces oblique phrase.
23	συνωρίδων	συνωρίς	NOUN	N-P---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 πεποίηνται	obl	medium	Genitive plural after ἐπὶ; likely partitive or idiomatic with direction/position.
24	ἱππεῖς	ἱππεύς	NOUN	N-P---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 πεποίηνται	nsubj	medium	Nominal subject of πεποίηνται, though syntax is somewhat compressed.
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	19 πεποίηνται	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

5.18.6 sentence 2

Tokens: 21
Input: 774
Output: 1,523
Total: 2,297

ἐπὶ δὲ τοῖς στρατιώταις ἔστιν εἰκάζειν συνιέναι μὲν σφᾶς ἐς μάχην, συνιέναι δὲ καὶ ἀσπασομένους τε καὶ ἀναγνωριοῦντας ἀλλήλους.

The syntax is a main existential clause with two infinitival complements; the second infinitival clause is coordinated and contains participial elaboration.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	AdpType=Prep	5 ἔστιν	obl	high	Preposition with dative object.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	5 ἔστιν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	l-s---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	4 στρατιώταις	det	high	Article modifying στρατιώταις.
4	στρατιώταις	στρατιώτης	NOUN	n-p---md-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἐπὶ	obj	high	Object of ἐπὶ in dative.
5	ἔστιν	εἰμί	AUX	v3spia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Copular/existential main verb.
6	εἰκάζειν	εἰκάζω	VERB	v--pna---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	5 ἔστιν	xcomp	high	Complement of ἔστιν.
7	συνιέναι	συνίημι	VERB	v--pna---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	6 εἰκάζειν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of εἰκάζειν.
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	G	_	7 συνιέναι	discourse	high	Correlative particle paired with δέ.
9	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	p-p---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	7 συνιέναι	obj	high	Object of συνιέναι.
10	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	AdpType=Prep	7 συνιέναι	obl	high	Preposition introducing goal.
11	μάχην	μάχη	NOUN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 ἐς	obj	high	Object of ἐς.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 συνιέναι	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
13	συνιέναι	συνίημι	VERB	v--pna---	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	5 ἔστιν	xcomp	medium	Second infinitive coordinated/parallel to first; attachment to ἔστιν is most likely.
14	δὲ	δέ	PART	G	_	13 συνιέναι	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G	_	16 ἀσπασομένους	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
16	ἀσπασομένους	ἀσπάζομαι	VERB	v-pmpma---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Fut\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	13 συνιέναι	xcomp	high	Participial complement of συνιέναι.
17	τε	τε	PART	G	_	16 ἀσπασομένους	discourse	high	Enclitic connective particle.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G	_	19 ἀναγνωριοῦντας	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
19	ἀναγνωριοῦντας	ἀναγνωρίζω	VERB	v-papma---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	16 ἀσπασομένους	conj	high	Coordinated participle with ἀσπασομένους.
20	ἀλλήλους	ἀλλήλων	PRON	a-p---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rcp	19 ἀναγνωριοῦντας	obj	high	Object of ἀναγνωριοῦντας.
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἔστιν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

5.18.6 sentence 3

Tokens: 62
Input: 1,198
Output: 4,372
Total: 5,570

λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐς ἀμφότερα ὑπὸ τῶν ἐξηγητῶν, καὶ τοῖς μέν ἐστιν εἰρημένον Αἰτωλοὺς τοὺς μετὰ Ὀξύλου καὶ Ἠλείους εἶναι τοὺς ἀρχαίους, ἀπαντᾶν δὲ σφᾶς γένους τε μνήμῃ τοῦ ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ εὔνοιαν ἐνδεικνυμένους ἐς ἀλλήλους· οἱ δὲ συνιέναι φασὶν ἐς ἀγῶνα τὰ στρατιωτικά, Πυλίους δὲ εἶναι καὶ Ἀρκάδας παρά τε Φειὰν πόλιν καὶ ποταμὸν μαχουμένους Ἰάρδανον.

The sentence consists of a main report verb with several coordinated indirect-speech clauses; some case relations are compressed and a few dative/accusative assignments are interpretive.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	λέγεται	λέγω	VERB	V-3S-PPM-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of reported speech.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	Ptc	_	1 λέγεται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	4 ἐς	cc	high	Links coordinated adverbial phrase.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	1 λέγεται	obl	high	Introduces prepositional complement.
5	ἀμφότερα	ἀμφότερος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	4 ἐς	obj	high	Accusative neuter plural used substantively.
6	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	PREP	_	1 λέγεται	obl	high	Introduces agent phrase.
7	τῶν	ὁ	DET	L-APG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	8 ἐξηγητῶν	det	high	Article modifying ἐξηγητῶν.
8	ἐξηγητῶν	ἐξηγητής	NOUN	N-PMG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 ὑπὸ	obl	high	Agent of passive λέγεται.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high	Punctuation.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 ἐστιν	cc	high	Coordinates two reported clauses.
11	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	L-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 ἐστιν	iobj	medium	Likely dative with ἐστιν, though syntax is compressed.
12	μέν	μέν	PART	Ptc	_	11 τοῖς	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
13	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-3S-PAI-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 λέγεται	parataxis	medium	Finite copula in reported clause.
14	εἰρημένον	λέγω	VERB	V-SPP-ANM	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	13 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Predicative participle with infinitival content following.
15	Αἰτωλοὺς	Αἰτωλός	PROPN	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 εἶναι	obj	high	Subject accusative of εἶναι in indirect statement.
16	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	20 Ἠλείους	det	high	Article with Ἠλείους.
17	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	PREP	_	21 εἶναι	obl	high	Preposition with Oxylus.
18	Ὀξύλου	Ὄξυλος	PROPN	N-SMG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 μετὰ	obl	high	Genitive complement of μετά.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 Ἠλείους	cc	high	Coordinates two accusative predicates.
20	Ἠλείους	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 Αἰτωλοὺς	conj	high	Coordinate with Αἰτωλοὺς.
21	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN-	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	14 εἰρημένον	xcomp	high	Infinitive complement of εἰρημένον.
22	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	23 ἀρχαίους	det	high	Article with ἀρχαίους.
23	ἀρχαίους	ἀρχαῖος	ADJ	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 Αἰτωλοὺς	amod	high	Predicate/attributive adjective in indirect statement.
24	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐστιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
25	ἀπαντᾶν	ἀπαντάω	VERB	V--PAN-	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	13 ἐστιν	xcomp	high	Second infinitival content clause.
26	δὲ	δέ	PART	Ptc	_	25 ἀπαντᾶν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
27	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P-PAM3	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	25 ἀπαντᾶν	obj	medium	Accusative pronoun as object of ἀπαντᾶν; person/gender somewhat uncertain.
28	γένους	γένος	NOUN	N-SNG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 μνήμῃ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on μνήμῃ.
29	τε	τε	PART	Ptc	_	30 μνήμῃ	cc	high	Enclitic connective.
30	μνήμῃ	μνήμη	NOUN	N-SFD	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἀπαντᾶν	obl	high	Dative of respect/association.
31	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	33 ἀρχῆς	det	high	Article with ἀρχῆς.
32	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	33 ἀρχῆς	case	high	Preposition governing ἀρχῆς.
33	ἀρχῆς	ἀρχή	NOUN	N-SFG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 γένους	nmod	high	Genitive phrase modifying γένους.
34	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	35 εὔνοιαν	cc	high	Coordinates with μνήμῃ phrase.
35	εὔνοιαν	εὔνοια	NOUN	N-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἀπαντᾶν	obj	high	Second coordinated object/complement of ἐνδεικνυμένους.
36	ἐνδεικνυμένους	ἐνδείκνυμι	VERB	V-PMP-AMM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	25 ἀπαντᾶν	advcl	high	Participial modifier agreeing with σφᾶς.
37	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	36 ἐνδεικνυμένους	case	high	Preposition with ἀλλήλους.
38	ἀλλήλους	ἀλλήλων	PRON	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	36 ἐνδεικνυμένους	obl	high	Reciprocal object of ἐνδεικνυμένους with ἐς.
39	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high	Punctuation.
40	οἱ	ὁ	DET	L-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	43 φασὶν	nsubj	high	Article used substantively with implied noun.
41	δὲ	δέ	PART	Ptc	_	40 οἱ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
42	συνιέναι	συνίημι	VERB	V--PAN-	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	43 φασὶν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement in indirect speech.
43	φασὶν	φημί	VERB	V-3PPAI-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 λέγεται	parataxis	high	Reporting verb for the second interpretation.
44	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	43 φασὶν	obl	high	Preposition with ἀγῶνα.
45	ἀγῶνα	ἀγών	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	44 ἐς	obj	high	Complement of εἰς.
46	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	47 στρατιωτικά	det	high	Article with στρατιωτικά.
47	στρατιωτικά	στρατιωτικός	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	45 ἀγῶνα	amod	high	Substantivized adjective, object-like complement of ἐς ἀγῶνα.
48	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	43 φασὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.
49	Πυλίους	Πύλιος	PROPN	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	51 εἶναι	obj	high	Subject accusative of εἶναι.
50	δὲ	δέ	PART	Ptc	_	49 Πυλίους	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
51	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V--PAN-	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	43 φασὶν	xcomp	high	Infinitive in indirect statement.
52	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	53 Ἀρκάδας	cc	high	Coordinates Πυλίους and Ἀρκάδας.
53	Ἀρκάδας	Ἀρκάς	PROPN	A-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	49 Πυλίους	conj	high	Coordinate subject accusative.
54	παρά	παρά	ADP	PREP	_	60 μαχουμένους	case	high	Preposition with locality phrase.
55	τε	τε	PART	Ptc	_	54 παρά	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
56	Φειὰν	Φειά	PROPN	N-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	57 πόλιν	nmod	high	Attributive apposition to πόλιν.
57	πόλιν	πόλις	NOUN	N-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	60 μαχουμένους	obl	high	Locative phrase with παρά.
58	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	59 ποταμὸν	cc	high	Coordinates πόλιν and ποταμὸν.
59	ποταμὸν	ποταμός	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	57 πόλιν	conj	high	Coordinate with πόλιν in prepositional phrase.
60	μαχουμένους	μάχομαι	VERB	V-PMP-AMP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	51 εἶναι	advcl	high	Participial adjunct dependent on infinitive.
61	Ἰάρδανον	Ἰάρδανος	PROPN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	60 μαχουμένους	obl	high	Object/complement with participle μαχουμένους.
62	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high	Punctuation.

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