Grammar parses for passage 5.18.7
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ οὐδὲ ἀρχὴν ἀποδέξαιτο ἄν τις, ὡς ὁ τοῦ Κυψέλου πρόγονος Κορίνθιός τε ὢν καὶ τὴν λάρνακα αὑτῷ ποιούμενος κτῆμα, ὁπόσα μὲν Κορινθίοις ἦν ἐπιχώρια, ἑκὼν ὑπερέβαινεν, ἃ δὲ ξενικά τε καὶ οὐδὲ ἄλλως ἥκοντα ἐς δόξαν, ἐτεχνᾶτο ἐπὶ τῇ λάρνακι·
The sentence has a potential-optative matrix clause; ὡς introduces an explanatory content clause whose subject is ὁ τοῦ Κυψέλου πρόγονος. The relative/participial material contrasts customary Corinthian features with foreign, non-renowned ones.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd----na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | obj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G####### | _ | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G####### | _ | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C-------- | Polarity=Neg | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | advmod | medium | Negative scalar adverbial use: ‘not even’. |
| 5 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | advmod | high | Accusative of extent/idiom, ‘at all’. |
| 6 | ἀποδέξαιτο | ἀποδέχομαι | VERB | V---OM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἄν | ἄν | PART | G####### | Mood=Potential | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | aux | high | |
| 8 | τις | τις | PRON | P---NS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | mark | medium | Introduces the explanatory content extending to ἐτεχνᾶτο. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 πρόγονος | det | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Κυψέλου | det | high | |
| 13 | Κυψέλου | Κυψέλος | PROPN | N--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 πρόγονος | nmod | high | |
| 14 | πρόγονος | πρόγονος | NOUN | N--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὢν | nsubj | high | Subject of the participial clause. |
| 15 | Κορίνθιός | Κορίνθιος | ADJ | A--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ὢν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with ὢν. |
| 16 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Κορίνθιός | cc | high | |
| 17 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | advcl | medium | Participle within ὡς-explanatory construction. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ποιούμενος | cc | high | |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 λάρνακα | det | high | |
| 20 | λάρνακα | λάρναξ | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ποιούμενος | obj | high | |
| 21 | αὑτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P---DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 22 ποιούμενος | iobj | high | |
| 22 | ποιούμενος | ποιέω | VERB | V-PMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 ὢν | conj | high | Coordinated participle with ὢν. |
| 23 | κτῆμα | κτῆμα | NOUN | N--NSN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ποιούμενος | xcomp | high | Predicative complement: making the chest a possession. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ποιούμενος | punct | high | |
| 25 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P--NAN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural relative quantifier, subject of ἦν. |
| 26 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G####### | _ | 25 ὁπόσα | discourse | high | |
| 27 | Κορινθίοις | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N--DPM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐπιχώρια | obl | high | Dative with ἐπιχώρια: customary/local to the Corinthians. |
| 28 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 32 ὑπερέβαινεν | acl:relcl | high | |
| 29 | ἐπιχώρια | ἐπιχώριος | ADJ | A--NP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἦν | xcomp | high | |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ὑπερέβαινεν | punct | high | |
| 31 | ἑκὼν | ἑκών | ADJ | A--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ὑπερέβαινεν | advmod | high | Predicative/idiomatic adjective, ‘willingly’. |
| 32 | ὑπερέβαινεν | ὑπερβαίνω | VERB | V-IAI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | advcl | high | Main verb of the μέν relative clause. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | punct | high | |
| 34 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | P--NAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | obj | high | Relative object, paired with ὁπόσα μέν. |
| 35 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | cc | high | |
| 36 | ξενικά | ξενικός | ADJ | A--NPN--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 41 ἥκοντα | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ἥκοντα; nominally ‘foreign things’. |
| 37 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ξενικά | cc | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 οὐδὲ | cc | high | |
| 39 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | ADV | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 41 ἥκοντα | advmod | high | ‘Nor even’ modifies ἥκοντα. |
| 40 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 41 ἥκοντα | advmod | high | |
| 41 | ἥκοντα | ἥκω | VERB | V-PAPNPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | obj | medium | Participial adjective/relative-like phrase: things not otherwise tending toward renown. |
| 42 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 43 δόξαν | case | high | |
| 43 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 ἥκοντα | obl | high | |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | punct | high | |
| 45 | ἐτεχνᾶτο | τεχνάομαι | VERB | V-IMI3S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | ccomp | medium | Verb of the ὡς-content clause; subject understood as the πρόγονος. |
| 46 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 48 λάρνακι | case | high | |
| 47 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 48 λάρνακι | det | high | |
| 48 | λάρνακι | λάρναξ | NOUN | N--DSF--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 45 ἐτεχνᾶτο | obl | high | |
| 49 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀποδέξαιτο | punct | high |
αὐτῷ μέντοι παρίστατο ἐμοὶ ταῦτα εἰκάζειν.
The impersonal παρίστατο takes a dative experiencer/possessor (ἐμοί) and an articular infinitival complement; αὐτῷ is a dative adjunct referring to the circumstance or subject involved. The exact semantic attachment of αὐτῷ is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3smd_ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 3 παρίστατο | obl | medium | Dative adjunct; may be construed as a circumstantial or possessive dative with παρίστατο. |
| 2 | μέντοι | μέντοι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 παρίστατο | advmod | high | Concessive/contrastive discourse adverb. |
| 3 | παρίστατο | παρίστημι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal middle: ‘it occurred to / presented itself to’. |
| 4 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | Pp1smd_ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 3 παρίστατο | iobj | high | Dative experiencer of the impersonal verb. |
| 5 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-pna | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 εἰκάζειν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural subject of the infinitive εἰκάζειν; alternatively a nominative/accusative ambiguity is possible in neuter plural. |
| 6 | εἰκάζειν | εἰκάζω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 παρίστατο | xcomp | high | Present active infinitive complement of παρίστατο. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 παρίστατο | punct | high |
Κυψέλῳ καὶ τοῖς προγόνοις ἐκ τῶνδε Γονούσσης ἦν γένος ἐξ ἀρχῆς γονούσης τῆς ὑπὲρ Σικυῶνος, καὶ πρόγονός σφισιν ἦν Μέλας ὁ Ἀντάσου·
The first clause has a dative possessor/association with ἦν γένος; γονούσης is a genitive absolute, while the second clause predicates Μέλας as πρόγονος. The exact antecedent and syntactic force of ἐκ τῶνδε are somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κυψέλῳ | Κυψέλος | PROPN | Ne.DAT.SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 γένος | nmod | medium | Dative of association/possession with γένος; proper name. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 προγόνοις | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Fd-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 προγόνοις | det | high | |
| 4 | προγόνοις | πρόγονος | NOUN | Ne.DAT.PL | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 γένος | nmod | high | Coordinated with Κυψέλῳ. |
| 5 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 τῶνδε | case | high | |
| 6 | τῶνδε | ὅδε | PRON | Pd.GEN.PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 γένος | obl | medium | Genitive with ἐκ; exact referent is context-dependent. |
| 7 | Γονούσσης | Γονούσσα | PROPN | Ne.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γένος | nmod | medium | Proper name in genitive, likely specifying the lineage/name relation of γένος. |
| 8 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 9 γένος | cop | high | |
| 9 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | Ne.NOM.SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Predicative nominal subject of the first clause; ἦν is copular. |
| 10 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | Ne.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γονούσης | obl | high | Genitive of temporal starting point with γονούσης. |
| 12 | γονούσης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--PGA--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 20 ἦν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; lexical form may be analyzed as present participle of γίγνομαι/γονέω, with contextual uncertainty. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Fd.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Σικυῶνος | det | high | |
| 14 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Σικυῶνος | case | high | |
| 15 | Σικυῶνος | Σικυών | PROPN | Ne.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γονούσης | obl | high | ὑπέρ + genitive, ‘above/beyond Sicyon’; dependent within the genitive absolute. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 ἦν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 18 | πρόγονός | πρόγονος | NOUN | Ne.NOM.SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject/predicate nominal with ἦν; accent reflects following enclitic. |
| 19 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-DP--- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 18 πρόγονός | nmod | medium | Dative of possession/association with πρόγονος. |
| 20 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | Μέλας | Μέλας | PROPN | Ne.NOM.SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρόγονός | appos | high | Appositional identification of πρόγονος. |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Fd.NOM.SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀντάσου | det | high | |
| 23 | Ἀντάσου | Ἀντάσος | PROPN | Ne.GEN.SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Μέλας | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on Μέλας, ‘Melas son of Antasos’. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἦν | punct | high |