Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 5.19.2

← 5.19.15.19.3 →

Passage 5.19.2

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
71Greek tokens
2,963input tokens
5,475output tokens
Sentence 1

5.19.2 sentence 1

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ἔστι δὲ καὶ Μελανίων καὶ Ἀταλάντη παρʼ αὐτὸν ἔχουσα ἐλάφου νεβρόν.

Existential ἔστι introduces Μελανίων and Ἀταλάντη; ἔχουσα is a nominative participle most naturally attached to Ἀταλάντη, with παρά + accusative referring to Μελανίων.

punct nsubj acl conj obj cc cc cc case obl nmod root 1 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 Μελανίων Μελανίων / PROPN 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Ἀταλάντη Ἀταλάντη / PROPN 7 παρʼ παρά / ADP 8 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 9 ἔχουσα ἔχω / VERB 10 ἐλάφου ἔλαφος / NOUN 11 νεβρόν νεβρός / NOUN 12 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἔστιεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighExistential/copular verb.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 ἔστιcchighPostpositive connective.
3καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_4 ΜελανίωνcchighCoordinates the named subject with the following coordinated subject.
4ΜελανίωνΜελανίωνPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 ἔστιnsubjmediumFirst coordinated nominative subject; proper name.
5καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_6 ἈταλάντηcchighCoordinates the two nominative subjects.
6ἈταλάντηἈταλάντηPROPNN-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 ΜελανίωνconjhighSecond coordinated nominative subject.
7παρʼπαράADPPREP_8 αὐτὸνcasehighElided form of παρά, governing accusative.
8αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONP-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs9 ἔχουσαoblhighAccusative object of παρά with reference to Μελανίων.
9ἔχουσαἔχωVERBV-PAP-NSFCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act6 ἈταλάντηaclhighCircumstantial/attributive present participle agreeing with Ἀταλάντη.
10ἐλάφουἔλαφοςNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 νεβρόνnmodhighGenitive dependent on νεβρόν.
11νεβρόννεβρόςNOUNN-ASMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἔχουσαobjhighAccusative object of ἔχουσα.
12..PUNCT__1 ἔστιpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 2

5.19.2 sentence 2

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μονομαχοῦντος δὲ Αἴαντι Ἕκτορος κατὰ τὴν πρόκλησιν, μεταξὺ ἕστηκεν αὐτῶν Ἔρις αἰσχίστη τὸ εἶδος ἐοικυῖα·

Genitive absolute μονομαχοῦντος ... Ἕκτορος introduces the circumstance; Αἴαντι is dative with μονομαχοῦντος. Ἔρις is the subject of ἕστηκεν, with αἰσχίστη agreeing predicatively and ἐοικυῖα modifying it; τὸ εἶδος is an accusative of respect.

cc punct punct obl acl advcl nsubj iobj case obl nsubj det advmod amod det obl root 1 μονομαχοῦντος μονομαχέω / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 Αἴαντι Αἴας / PROPN 4 Ἕκτορος Ἕκτωρ / PROPN 5 κατὰ κατά / ADP 6 τὴν ὁ / DET 7 πρόκλησιν πρόκλησις / NOUN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 μεταξὺ μεταξύ / ADV 10 ἕστηκεν ἵστημι / VERB 11 αὐτῶν αὐτός / PRON 12 Ἔρις Ἔρις / PROPN 13 αἰσχίστη αἰσχρός / ADJ 14 τὸ ὁ / DET 15 εἶδος εἶδος / NOUN 16 ἐοικυῖα ἔοικα / VERB 17 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1μονομαχοῦντοςμονομαχέωVERBV-PAP-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act4 ἝκτοροςadvclhighGenitive absolute participle.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_10 ἕστηκενcchighPostpositive connective.
3ΑἴαντιΑἴαςPROPNN-PM-S-DCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 μονομαχοῦντοςiobjmediumDative participant with μονομαχοῦντος.
4ἝκτοροςἝκτωρPROPNN-PM-S-GCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing1 μονομαχοῦντοςnsubjhighGenitive-absolute subject.
5κατὰκατάADPP_7 πρόκλησινcasehighAccusative-governing preposition.
6τὴνDETT-FA-SCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 πρόκλησινdethigh
7πρόκλησινπρόκλησιςNOUNN-FS-ACase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing1 μονομαχοῦντοςoblhighAccusative object of κατά.
8,,PUNCT__1 μονομαχοῦντοςpuncthigh
9μεταξὺμεταξύADVD_10 ἕστηκενadvmodhighAdverbial ‘between’.
10ἕστηκενἵστημιVERBV-RAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighPerfect active, intransitive ‘stands/has stood’.
11αὐτῶναὐτόςPRONP-GM-PCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs9 μεταξὺoblhighGenitive complement of μεταξύ.
12ἜριςἜριςPROPNN-FS-NCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ἕστηκενnsubjhighPersonified Eris.
13αἰσχίστηαἰσχρόςADJA-F-S-N-SCase=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 ἜριςamodhighSuperlative adjective describing Eris.
14τὸDETT-SN-S-ACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing15 εἶδοςdethigh
15εἶδοςεἶδοςNOUNN-SN-S-ACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing16 ἐοικυῖαoblhighAccusative of respect with ἐοικυῖα.
16ἐοικυῖαἔοικαVERBV-RAP-FSNCase=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act12 ἜριςaclhighPerfect active participle, agreeing with Ἔρις.
17··PUNCT__10 ἕστηκενpuncthigh
Sentence 3

5.19.2 sentence 3

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πρὸς δὲ ταύτῃ καὶ Καλλιφῶν Σάμιος ἐν Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερῷ τῆς Ἐφεσίας ἐποίησεν Ἔριν, τὴν μάχην γράψας τὴν ἐπὶ ταῖς ναυσὶν Ἑλλήνων.

The phrase πρὸς δὲ ταύτῃ means ‘besides/in addition to this’; Καλλιφῶν Σάμιος is the subject, with Σάμιος appositional. Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερῷ τῆς Ἐφεσίας is a locative dative phrase, and the final accusative phrase is the object of γράψας, specifying the depicted battle.

punct cc obl nsubj advcl nmod obl amod det case case punct case cc appos nmod det obj det obj det nmod root 1 πρὸς πρός / ADP 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ταύτῃ οὗτος / PRON 4 καὶ καί / CCONJ 5 Καλλιφῶν Καλλιφῶν / PROPN 6 Σάμιος Σάμιος / PROPN 7 ἐν ἐν / ADP 8 Ἀρτέμιδος Ἄρτεμις / PROPN 9 ἱερῷ ἱερόν / NOUN 10 τῆς ὁ / DET 11 Ἐφεσίας Ἐφέσιος / ADJ 12 ἐποίησεν ποιέω / VERB 13 Ἔριν Ἔρις / PROPN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 τὴν ὁ / DET 16 μάχην μάχη / NOUN 17 γράψας γράφω / VERB 18 τὴν ὁ / DET 19 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 20 ταῖς ὁ / DET 21 ναυσὶν ναῦς / NOUN 22 Ἑλλήνων Ἕλλην / PROPN 23 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1πρὸςπρόςADPPREPAdpType=Prep3 ταύτῃcasehigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_12 ἐποίησενcchighPostpositive connective.
3ταύτῃοὗτοςPRONPD--DSF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem12 ἐποίησενoblhighDative complement of πρός, functioning adverbially: ‘in addition to this’.
4καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_5 Καλλιφῶνcchigh
5ΚαλλιφῶνΚαλλιφῶνPROPNNE--NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἐποίησενnsubjhighPersonal name; subject of ἐποίησεν.
6ΣάμιοςΣάμιοςPROPNNE--NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ΚαλλιφῶνapposhighEthnic/place designation in apposition to Καλλιφῶν.
7ἐνἐνADPPREPAdpType=Prep9 ἱερῷcasehigh
8ἈρτέμιδοςἌρτεμιςPROPNNE--GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing9 ἱερῷnmodhighPossessive genitive: ‘temple of Artemis’.
9ἱερῷἱερόνNOUNNB--DSN-Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing12 ἐποίησενoblhighDative location governed by ἐν.
10τῆςDETDA--GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 Ἐφεσίαςdethigh
11ἘφεσίαςἘφέσιοςADJA--GSF-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 ἈρτέμιδοςamodhighAgrees with Ἀρτέμιδος: ‘of Ephesus/Ephesian’.
12ἐποίησενποιέωVERBV--IAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13ἜρινἜριςPROPNNE--ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 ἐποίησενobjmediumProper/divine name ‘Strife’; alternatively common noun ἔρις, but capitalization supports the name.
14,,PUNCT__12 ἐποίησενpuncthigh
15τὴνDETDA--ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art16 μάχηνdethigh
16μάχηνμάχηNOUNNb--ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 γράψαςobjhighObject of γράψας.
17γράψαςγράφωVERBV--AAP-NSMAspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act12 ἐποίησενadvclhighAorist participle agreeing with Καλλιφῶν; manner/accompanying action.
18τὴνDETDA--ASF-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art21 ναυσὶνdethigh
19ἐπὶἐπίADPPREPAdpType=Prep21 ναυσὶνcasehighTakes dative here.
20ταῖςDETDA--DPF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art21 ναυσὶνdethigh
21ναυσὶνναῦςNOUNN----DPF-Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur16 μάχηνnmodhighObject of ἐπί; dependent on μάχην in the phrase ‘battle at/on the ships’.
22ἙλλήνωνἝλληνPROPNNE--GP--Case=Gen|Number=Plur21 ναυσὶνnmodhighGenitive dependent on ναυσίν: ‘of the Greeks’; gender is morphologically underspecified here.
23..PUNCT__12 ἐποίησενpuncthigh
Sentence 4

5.19.2 sentence 4

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εἰσὶ δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ λάρνακι Διόσκουροι, ὁ ἕτερος οὐκ ἔχων πω γένεια, μέση δὲ αὐτῶν Ἑλένη·

The sentence has an existential/presentational εἰσί with Διόσκουροι as subject and ἐπί plus dative as locative. The participial phrase ὁ ἕτερος οὐκ ἔχων πω γένεια is supplementary, while the second clause is an elliptical presentational construction: μέση δὲ αὐτῶν Ἑλένη, with μέση agreeing predicatively with Ἑλένη and αὐτῶν as genitive of relation/partition.

punct conj cop advcl cc punct amod case nsubj obj cc det obl punct det advmod advmod nmod root 1 εἰσὶ εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 4 τῇ ὁ / DET 5 λάρνακι λάρναξ / NOUN 6 Διόσκουροι Διόσκουρος / PROPN 7 , , / PUNCT 8 ὁ / DET 9 ἕτερος ἕτερος / PRON 10 οὐκ οὐ / PART 11 ἔχων ἔχω / VERB 12 πω πω / ADV 13 γένεια γένεον / NOUN 14 , , / PUNCT 15 μέση μέσος / ADJ 16 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 17 αὐτῶν αὐτός / PRON 18 Ἑλένη Ἑλένη / PROPN 19 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1εἰσὶεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act6 ΔιόσκουροιcophighPresent existential/copular verb.
2δὲδέCCONJ--------_6 ΔιόσκουροιcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἐπὶἐπίADP--------_5 λάρνακιcasehighTakes the dative here, locative.
4τῇDETD--------Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 λάρνακιdethigh
5λάρνακιλάρναξNOUNN--------Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ΔιόσκουροιoblhighLocative complement of εἰσί via ἐπί.
6ΔιόσκουροιΔιόσκουροςPROPNNb--------Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur0 ROOTroothighSubject of the existential clause.
7,,PUNCT__6 Διόσκουροιpuncthigh
8DETD--------Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 ἕτεροςdethighArticle substantivizing ἕτερος.
9ἕτεροςἕτεροςPRONA-PNSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind11 ἔχωνnsubjmediumSubstantivized adjective/pronominal form; subject of ἔχων.
10οὐκοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg11 ἔχωνadvmodhighNegative particle.
11ἔχωνἔχωVERBV-PAP-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act6 ΔιόσκουροιadvclmediumSupplementary participle, predicated of ὁ ἕτερος.
12πωπωADVD--------_11 ἔχωνadvmodhighAdverb ‘yet’.
13γένειαγένεονNOUNN--------Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur11 ἔχωνobjmediumAccusative object of ἔχων; form can also be parsed as a neuter plural noun meaning beard(s).
14,,PUNCT__11 ἔχωνpuncthigh
15μέσημέσοςADJA--NSFCase=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing18 ἙλένηamodmediumPredicative adjective in an elliptical presentational clause; linked to Ἑλένη.
16δὲδέCCONJ--------_18 ἙλένηcchighPostpositive connective.
17αὐτῶναὐτόςPRONP----G-PCase=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs18 ἙλένηnmodmediumGenitive of relation/partition: ‘between/of them’.
18ἙλένηἙλένηPROPNNb--------Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 ΔιόσκουροιconjmediumSecond coordinated presentational subject/predicate nucleus; understood εἰσί is omitted.
19··PUNCT__6 Διόσκουροιpuncthigh
← 5.19.15.19.3 →