Grammar parses for passage 5.19.4
Open translation for this passage
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ τὸ ἔπος οὕτω πεποίηται· Ἰφιδάμαντος δὲ τοῦ Ἀντήνορος κειμένου μαχόμενος πρὸς Ἀγαμέμνονα ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ Κόων ἐστί·
The first clause is a passive periphrastic-style statement, ‘this saying has been made thus’; the following nominal/genitive absolute construction identifies Κόων as fighting for the fallen Ιφιδάμας against Agamemnon. The participial linkage is somewhat compressed, so attachment of μαχόμενος is interpreted with Κόων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἔπος | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 7 πεποίηται | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G- | _ | 7 πεποίηται | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἔπος | det | high | |
| 5 | ἔπος | ἔπος | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 6 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 7 πεποίηται | advmod | high | |
| 7 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RIM-S-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle perfect is interpreted as ‘has been made/composed’. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἰφιδάμαντος | Ἰφιδάμας | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 κειμένου | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 ἐστί | cc | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἀντήνορος | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀντήνορος | Ἀντήνωρ | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἰφιδάμαντος | nmod | high | Patronymic/possessive genitive: ‘son/kinsman of Antenor’. |
| 13 | κειμένου | κεῖμαι | VERB | V--PGM-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 Κόων | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute participle, ‘lying/fallen’; semantically linked to Ιφιδάμαντος. |
| 14 | μαχόμενος | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PNMS-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 Κόων | acl | medium | Predicative participle with Κόων: ‘fighting’. |
| 15 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Ἀγαμέμνονα | case | high | |
| 16 | Ἀγαμέμνονα | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | N--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 μαχόμενος | obl | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 αὐτοῦ | case | high | |
| 18 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM3S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 14 μαχόμενος | obl | high | ‘For/on behalf of him’, referring to Ιφιδάμας. |
| 19 | Κόων | Κόων | PROPN | N--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐστί | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | ἐστί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAS-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 πεποίηται | parataxis | medium | Copular/existential clause coordinated after the preceding statement; Κόων is the subject and the participial phrase supplies its characterization. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐστί | punct | high |
ἐπιγράμματα δὲ ὑπὲρ μὲν τοῦ Ἰφιδάμαντος νεκροῦ, Ἰφιδάμας οὗτός τε Κόων περιμάρναται αὐτοῦ· τοῦ Ἀγαμέμνονος δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσπίδι,
Elliptical inscription description: ἐπιγράμματα governs the two coordinated inscription phrases; the clause Ἰφιδάμας … Κόων περιμάρναται αὐτοῦ is a quoted/parenthetical explanatory statement, with Κόων as subject and αὐτοῦ referring to Ἰφιδάμαντος. The second phrase is likewise elliptical after ἐπιγράμματα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιγράμματα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N--NAP-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Head noun; nominative plural, with omitted/implicit copular or existential construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Ἰφιδάμαντος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 3 ὑπὲρ | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ at token 18. |
| 5 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἰφιδάμαντος | det | high | Article modifying Ἰφιδάμαντος. |
| 6 | Ἰφιδάμαντος | Ἰφιδάμας | PROPN | Ne-smg-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 νεκροῦ | nmod | high | Genitive personal name governed by ὑπέρ and modified by νεκροῦ. |
| 7 | νεκροῦ | νεκρός | ADJ | A--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | nmod | medium | Substantivized or attributive adjective, ‘dead/deceased’; syntactically dependent within the ὑπέρ phrase. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἰφιδάμας | Ἰφιδάμας | PROPN | Ne-snm-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 περιμάρναται | nsubj | high | Subject of περιμάρναται. |
| 10 | οὗτός | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--nm-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 Ἰφιδάμας | appos | high | Demonstrative apposition/anaphoric identification of Ἰφιδάμας. |
| 11 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Κόων | cc | medium | Coordinates οὗτος and Κόων in the explanatory clause. |
| 12 | Κόων | Κόων | PROPN | Ne-snm-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 περιμάρναται | nsubj | medium | Likely coordinated subject/name in the parenthetical clause; the syntax is textually elliptical. |
| 13 | περιμάρναται | περιμάρναμαι | VERB | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | parataxis | medium | Present middle/passive-form verb in an explanatory paratactic clause; exact lexical sense and subject coordination are uncertain. |
| 14 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 περιμάρναται | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on περιμάρναται, likely referring to Ἰφιδάμαντος. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 περιμάρναται | punct | high | |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀγαμέμνονος | det | high | Article modifying Ἀγαμέμνονος. |
| 17 | Ἀγαμέμνονος | Ἀγαμέμνων | PROPN | Ne-smg-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπὶ | obl | high | Genitive object of ἐπί in the elliptical second inscription phrase. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | cc | high | Second member of μέν–δέ correlation. |
| 19 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 ἀσπίδι | case | high | Preposition governing dative here. |
| 20 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀσπίδι | det | high | Article modifying ἀσπίδι. |
| 21 | ἀσπίδι | ἀσπίς | NOUN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπιγράμματα | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί; elliptical continuation describing the location/inscription. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἀσπίδι | punct | high |