Grammar parses for passage 5.19.6
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ Οἰδίποδος παίδων Πολυνείκει πεπτωκότι ἐς γόνυ ἔπεισιν Ἐτεοκλῆς.
Main clause: Ἐτεοκλῆς ἔπεισιν Πολυνείκει πεπτωκότι ἐς γόνυ; τῶν ... παίδων is a partitive genitive phrase, with δὲ connective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----G-P | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 παίδων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἔπεισιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Οἰδίποδος | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 4 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔπεισιν | obl | medium | Partitive genitive: ‘of the sons/children’. |
| 5 | Πολυνείκει | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-----D-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πεπτωκότι | obl | high | |
| 6 | πεπτωκότι | πίπτω | VERB | V--RAPMD-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἔπεισιν | acl | high | Perfect active participle agreeing with Πολυνείκει. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 γόνυ | case | high | |
| 8 | γόνυ | γόνυ | NOUN | N-----A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 πεπτωκότι | obl | high | Accusative with ἐς, in the idiom ‘falling to the knee’. |
| 9 | ἔπεισιν | ἔπειμι | VERB | V- PAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Contextual sense is ‘attacks/advances against’; form may be parsed as ἔπειμι. |
| 10 | Ἐτεοκλῆς | Ἐτεοκλῆς | PROPN | N-----N-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔπεισιν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔπεισιν | punct | high |
τοῦ Πολυνείκους δὲ ὄπισθεν γυνὴ ἕστηκεν ὀδόντας τε ἔχουσα οὐδὲν ἡμερωτέρους θηρίου καί οἱ τῶν χειρῶν εἰσιν ἐπικαμπεῖς οἱ ὄνυχες·
Two coordinated clauses: γυνή is subject of ἕστηκεν, with ὀδόντας ἔχουσα as a participial adjunct; οἱ ὄνυχες is subject of εἰσιν, with οἱ dative referring to the woman and τῶν χειρῶν a genitive of relation/partitive. The initial τοῦ Πολυνείκους is a genitive spatial/associative phrase modifying ὄπισθεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 Πολυνείκους | det | high | |
| 2 | Πολυνείκους | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | Nb----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὄπισθεν | nmod | high | Proper name in the genitive. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ὄπισθεν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἕστηκεν | advmod | high | Postposition-like adverb governing the genitive phrase. |
| 5 | γυνὴ | γυνή | NOUN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V--RAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with stative meaning, ‘stands/is standing’. |
| 7 | ὀδόντας | ὀδούς | NOUN | N-----AP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχουσα | obj | high | |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἔχουσα | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V--PAPNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἕστηκεν | advcl | high | Adverbial/participial adjunct agreeing with γυνή. |
| 10 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἡμερωτέρους | advmod | medium | Adverbial neuter accusative, ‘not at all’; alternatively analyzed as an accusative object-like complement. |
| 11 | ἡμερωτέρους | ἥμερος | ADJ | A----APM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ὀδόντας | amod | high | Comparative adjective agreeing with ὀδόντας. |
| 12 | θηρίου | θηρίον | NOUN | N-----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἡμερωτέρους | obl | high | Genitive of comparison with the comparative adjective. |
| 13 | καί | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 εἰσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 14 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-----3DM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 17 εἰσιν | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely referring to the woman; form is homographic with the article. |
| 15 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 χειρῶν | det | high | |
| 16 | χειρῶν | χείρ | NOUN | N-----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἐπικαμπεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive of relation: the nails of the hands. |
| 17 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | conj | high | Coordinated with the preceding root clause. |
| 18 | ἐπικαμπεῖς | ἐπικαμπής | ADJ | A----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective. |
| 19 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ὄνυχες | det | high | |
| 20 | ὄνυχες | ὄνυξ | NOUN | N-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἕστηκεν | punct | high |
ἐπίγραμμα δὲ ἐπʼ αὐτῇ εἶναί φησι Κῆρα, ὡς τὸν μὲν ὑπὸ τοῦ πεπρωμένου τὸν Πολυνείκην ἀπαχθέντα, Ἐτεοκλεῖ δὲ γενομένης καὶ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ τῆς τελευτῆς.
The construction is φησι + accusative-and-infinitive: Κῆρα εἶναι, with ὡς introducing an explanatory/quoted account. The second coordinated participial phrase is elliptical and textually awkward: Πολυνείκην is governed by ἀπαχθέντα, while Ἐτεοκλεῖ is dative with γενομένης, likely with an omitted corresponding participle or noun phrase; γενομένης is feminine singular genitive/dative-form ambiguity in isolation, here analyzed conservatively as genitive absolute-like/elliptical, low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-ANSN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 φησι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 φησι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 αὐτῇ | case | high | Elided form of ἐπί. |
| 4 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P3FDS | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|Person=3 | 1 ἐπίγραμμα | obl | high | |
| 5 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 6 φησι | xcomp | high | Infinitive of the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 6 | φησι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | Κῆρα | Κήρ | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 εἶναί | obj | high | Proper name/personification, predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φησι | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 φησι | mark | medium | Introduces an explanatory account of the inscription. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | det | high | |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | discourse | high | |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 πεπρωμένου | case | high | |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 14 πεπρωμένου | det | high | |
| 14 | πεπρωμένου | πορτύω | VERB | V-RPP-GSN | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|Tense=Perfect|VerbForm=Participle|Voice=Passive | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | obl | medium | Substantivized perfect passive participle, ‘what has been fated’; lemma assignment is uncertain in lexica. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 Πολυνείκην | det | high | |
| 16 | Πολυνείκην | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | obj | high | |
| 17 | ἀπαχθέντα | ἀπάγω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Participle|Voice=Passive | 9 ὡς | advcl | high | Accusative participle in the ὡς account, agreeing with Πολυνείκην. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | punct | high | |
| 19 | Ἐτεοκλεῖ | Ἐτεοκλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 21 γενομένης | iobj | medium | Dative associated with the elliptical second member; exact attachment is uncertain. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 γενομένης | cc | high | |
| 21 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADP-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Participle|Voice=Middle | 17 ἀπαχθέντα | conj | low | Form is genitive feminine singular; syntactic construction is elliptical/uncertain and does not straightforwardly agree with Ἐτεοκλεῖ. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 δικαίῳ | cc | high | |
| 23 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 δικαίῳ | case | high | |
| 24 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 25 δικαίῳ | det | high | |
| 25 | δικαίῳ | δίκαιος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 21 γενομένης | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective after σύν, likely ‘with what was just/right’. |
| 26 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 27 τελευτῆς | det | high | |
| 27 | τελευτῆς | τελευτή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 25 δικαίῳ | nmod | high | |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φησι | punct | high |
δένδρα δὲ ἄμπελοι περὶ αὐτὸν καὶ μηλέαι τέ εἰσι καὶ ῥόαι.
Existential εἰσι has coordinated nominal subjects: δένδρα, ἄμπελοι, μηλέαι, and ῥόαι; περὶ αὐτόν is a prepositional modifier of the omitted/understood referent around which the trees are situated. The exact scope of περὶ αὐτόν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δένδρα | δένδρον | NOUN | N---PNN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 δένδρα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄμπελοι | ἄμπελος | NOUN | N---PFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Coordinated subject; δένδρα is also a broad antecedent/subject-like noun. |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 5 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 9 εἰσι | obl | medium | Object of περί; refers to an understood masculine singular referent, likely supplied by context. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 μηλέαι | cc | high | |
| 7 | μηλέαι | μηλέα | NOUN | N---PFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Coordinated nominal subject. |
| 8 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ῥόαι | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle, paired with καί at token 10. |
| 9 | εἰσι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ῥόαι | cc | high | Correlative with τε at token 8. |
| 11 | ῥόαι | ῥόα | NOUN | N---PFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Final member of the τε ... καί coordination. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εἰσι | punct | high |