Grammar parses for passage 5.19.8
Open translation for this passage
ἑξῆς καὶ ἵππων συνωρίδες καὶ γυναῖκες ἐπὶ τῶν συνωρίδων εἰσὶν ἑστῶσαι· πτερὰ δὲ τοῖς ἵπποις χρυσᾶ ἐστι, καὶ ἀνὴρ δίδωσιν ὅπλα μιᾷ τῶν γυναικῶν.
The first clause has an existential construction: συνωρίδες and γυναῖκες are coordinated subjects of εἰσίν, with ἑστῶσαι predicative and ἐπὶ τῶν συνωρίδων locative. In the final clause, μιᾷ τῶν γυναικῶν is the recipient of δίδωσιν; χρυσᾶ agrees with πτερά, while ἐστι is existential/copular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἑξῆς | ἑξῆς | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 συνωρίδες | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 συνωρίδες | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 συνωρίδες | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on συνωρίδες: pairs/teams of horses. |
| 4 | συνωρίδες | συνωρίς | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 γυναῖκες | cc | high | |
| 6 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 συνωρίδες | conj | high | Coordinated with συνωρίδες. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 9 συνωρίδων | case | high | |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 συνωρίδων | det | high | |
| 9 | συνωρίδων | συνωρίς | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἑστῶσαι | obl | high | Locative complement of ἑστῶσαι with ἐπί. |
| 10 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἑστῶσαι | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 10 εἰσὶν | xcomp | medium | Perfect active participle, predicative with εἰσίν; semantically 'standing'. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἰσὶν | punct | high | |
| 13 | πτερὰ | πτερόν | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 15 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἵπποις | det | high | |
| 16 | ἵπποις | ἵππος | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐστι | iobj | high | Dative of possession/reference with ἐστι. |
| 17 | χρυσᾶ | χρυσοῦς | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 πτερὰ | amod | high | |
| 18 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 δίδωσιν | parataxis | high | Copular/existential clause coordinated after the semicolon. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 δίδωσιν | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 δίδωσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | δίδωσιν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second coordinated finite clause; treated as a root after punctuation. |
| 23 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 δίδωσιν | obj | high | |
| 24 | μιᾷ | εἷς | NUM | A-D1SF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 δίδωσιν | iobj | high | Dative recipient, 'to one'. |
| 25 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 γυναικῶν | det | high | |
| 26 | γυναικῶν | γυνή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 μιᾷ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with μιᾷ. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 δίδωσιν | punct | high |
ταῦτα ἐς τὴν Πατρόκλου τελευτὴν ἔχειν τεκμαίρονται· Νηρηίδας τε γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν συνωρίδων εἶναι καὶ Θέτιν τὰ ὅπλα λαμβάνειν παρὰ Ἡφαίστου.
τεκμαίρονται governs an accusative-and-infinitive construction: ταῦτα is the subject of ἔχειν, while the following γάρ clause coordinates explanatory infinitives dependent on the same evidential context; ἐπὶ τῶν συνωρίδων is locative, and τὰ ὅπλα is the object of λαμβάνειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD--NPA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 ἔχειν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 τελευτὴν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DAFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 τελευτὴν | det | high | |
| 4 | Πατρόκλου | Πάτροκλος | PROPN | NEGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τελευτὴν | nmod | high | |
| 5 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | NAFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔχειν | obl | high | Accusative with ἐς. |
| 6 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 τεκμαίρονται | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by τεκμαίρονται; ταῦτα is its accusative-and-infinitive subject in form nominative neuter plural. |
| 7 | τεκμαίρονται | τεκμαίρομαι | VERB | V3PPMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice, ‘infer/conclude’; subject is implicit or contextually supplied. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 τεκμαίρονται | punct | high | |
| 9 | Νηρηίδας | Νηρηίς | NOUN | NAFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 10 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 εἶναι | cc | high | Correlative τε with the later τε. |
| 11 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 εἶναι | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 12 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 συνωρίδων | case | high | With genitive, locative sense. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DAGP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 συνωρίδων | det | high | |
| 14 | συνωρίδων | συνωρίς | NOUN | NGFP | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 εἶναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 15 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 τεκμαίρονται | conj | high | Explanatory infinitive coordinated with λαμβάνειν; Νηρηίδας is its accusative subject. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 λαμβάνειν | cc | high | Coordinates the second explanatory infinitive. |
| 17 | Θέτιν | Θέτις | PROPN | NAFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 λαμβάνειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of λαμβάνειν. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | DANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ὅπλα | det | high | |
| 19 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | NANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 20 λαμβάνειν | obj | high | |
| 20 | λαμβάνειν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 εἶναι | conj | high | Second explanatory infinitive; coordinated with εἶναι. |
| 21 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 22 Ἡφαίστου | case | high | With genitive, source sense. |
| 22 | Ἡφαίστου | Ἥφαιστος | PROPN | NEGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 λαμβάνειν | obl | high | |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 τεκμαίρονται | punct | high |
καὶ δὴ καὶ ἄλλως ὁ τὰ ὅπλα διδοὺς οὔτε τοὺς πόδας ἐστὶν ἐρρωμένος καὶ ὄπισθεν οἰκέτης ἕπεταί οἱ πυράγραν ἔχων·
The sentence has a coordinated predicate: the weapon-giver is not strong in the feet, while a slave follows him behind carrying tongs; οἱ is dative singular pronoun referring to the weapon-giver.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 διδοὺς | cc | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 8 διδοὺς | discourse | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἄλλως | advmod:emph | medium | Emphatic καί, functioning with ἄλλως. |
| 4 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 διδοὺς | det | high | Article substantivizes the participle. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ὅπλα | det | high | |
| 7 | ὅπλα | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 διδοὺς | obj | high | |
| 8 | διδοὺς | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Substantivized present participle: ‘the one giving the weapons’. |
| 9 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πόδας | det | high | |
| 11 | πόδας | πούς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἐρρωμένος | obl | high | Accusative of respect with ἐρρωμένος. |
| 12 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἐρρωμένος | ῥώννυμι | VERB | V-RPP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 12 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Perfect middle/passive participle used predicatively with εἰμί. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἕπεταί | cc | high | |
| 15 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | ADV | _ | 17 ἕπεταί | advmod | high | |
| 16 | οἰκέτης | οἰκέτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἕπεταί | nsubj | high | |
| 17 | ἕπεταί | ἕπομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 12 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate. |
| 18 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 17 ἕπεταί | iobj | high | Dative of accompaniment/reference with ἕπομαι; refers to the weapon-giver. |
| 19 | πυράγραν | πυράγρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἔχων | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἕπεταί | advcl | high | Participial adjunct, co-referential with οἰκέτης. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐστὶν | punct | high |