Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.19.9

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Passage 5.19.9

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3sentences parsed

83Greek tokens

2,531input tokens

5,986output tokens

Sentence 1

5.19.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 27
Input: 835
Output: 2,032
Total: 2,867

λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐς τὸν Κένταυρον ὡς Χίρων, ἀπηλλαγμένος ἤδη παρὰ ἀνθρώπων καὶ ἠξιωμένος εἶναι σύνοικος θεοῖς, ῥᾳστώνην τινὰ ἥκοι τοῦ πένθους Ἀχιλλεῖ παρασκευάσων.

The sentence has λέγεται as the matrix impersonal verb, with ὡς introducing an embedded report whose subject is Χίρων; the participles ἀπηλλαγμένος and ἠξιωμένος are circumstantial/predicative, εἶναι completes ἠξιωμένος, and ἥκοι with future participle παρασκευάσων expresses the reported purpose/result. The syntax of ἐς τὸν Κένταυρον is somewhat elliptical (likely ‘concerning the Centaur’).

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	λέγεται	λέγω	VERB	V-PII-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal passive ‘it is said’.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	advmod	high	Additive particle.
4	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	6 Κένταυρον	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 Κένταυρον	det	high
6	Κένταυρον	Κένταυρος	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ὡς	obl	medium	Elliptical object of ἐς, likely ‘concerning the Centaur’.
7	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	1 λέγεται	mark	high	Introduces the reported clause.
8	Χίρων	Χείρων	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 ἥκοι	nsubj	high	Subject of ἥκοι.
9	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	10 ἀπηλλαγμένος	punct	high
10	ἀπηλλαγμένος	ἀπαλλάσσω	VERB	V-RMP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	22 ἥκοι	advcl	high	Circumstantial perfect passive participle, agreeing with Χίρων.
11	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	ADV	_	10 ἀπηλλαγμένος	advmod	high
12	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	PREP	_	13 ἀνθρώπων	case	high	With genitive, ‘from’.
13	ἀνθρώπων	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 ἀπηλλαγμένος	obl	high
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	15 ἠξιωμένος	cc	high	Coordinates participles.
15	ἠξιωμένος	ἀξιόω	VERB	V-RMP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	10 ἀπηλλαγμένος	conj	high	Coordinates with ἀπηλλαγμένος; governs εἶναι.
16	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	15 ἠξιωμένος	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἠξιωμένος.
17	σύνοικος	σύνοικος	ADJ	A-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with εἶναι; nominative by attraction/agreement with Χίρων.
18	θεοῖς	θεός	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 σύνοικος	obl	high	Dative complement of σύνοικος.
19	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	22 ἥκοι	punct	high
20	ῥᾳστώνην	ῥᾳστώνη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 παρασκευάσων	obj	high	Object of παρασκευάσων.
21	τινὰ	τις	DET	X-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ῥᾳστώνην	det	high	Indefinite determiner.
22	ἥκοι	ἥκω	VERB	V-PAO-3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	7 ὡς	ccomp	high	Optative in reported speech under λέγεται.
23	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	24 πένθους	det	high
24	πένθους	πένθος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ῥᾳστώνην	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on ῥᾳστώνην, ‘relief from grief’.
25	Ἀχιλλεῖ	Ἀχιλλεύς	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 παρασκευάσων	iobj	high	Benefactive dative with παρασκευάσων.
26	παρασκευάσων	παρασκευάζω	VERB	V-FAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Fut\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	22 ἥκοι	advcl	high	Future participle expressing intended purpose, agreeing with Χίρων.
27	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	1 λέγεται	punct	high

Sentence 2

5.19.9 sentence 2

Tokens: 33
Input: 910
Output: 2,309
Total: 3,219

παρθένους δὲ ἐπὶ ἡμιόνων τὴν μὲν ἔχουσαν τὰς ἡνίας, τὴν δὲ ἐπικειμένην κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ, Ναυσικᾶν τε νομίζουσιν εἶναι τὴν Ἀλκίνου καὶ τὴν θεράπαιναν, ἐλαυνούσας ἐπὶ τοὺς πλυνούς.

The accusative παρθένους is the subject-like accusative of the infinitive εἶναι; Ναυσικᾶν and τὴν θεράπαιναν are coordinated predicative accusatives. The participles ἔχουσαν, ἐπικειμένην, and ἐλαυνούσας describe the maidens; ἐπικειμένην has a neuter accusative object κάλυμμα, while ἐλαυνούσας is coordinated with the preceding descriptions and agrees with παρθένους.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	παρθένους	παρθένος	NOUN	n-p---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	21 νομίζουσιν	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	21 νομίζουσιν	cc	high
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	4 ἡμιόνων	case	high
4	ἡμιόνων	ἡμίονος	NOUN	n-p---fg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἔχουσαν	obl	medium	Genitive after ἐπί is possible with a locative sense; alternatively the phrase may modify the whole scene.
5	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἔχουσαν	det	high
6	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	7 ἔχουσαν	advmod	high
7	ἔχουσαν	ἔχω	VERB	v-sapafa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 νομίζουσιν	acl	high
8	τὰς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	9 ἡνίας	det	high
9	ἡνίας	ἡνία	NOUN	n-p---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἔχουσαν	obj	high
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἔχουσαν	punct	high
11	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἐπικειμένην	det	high
12	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	13 ἐπικειμένην	cc	high
13	ἐπικειμένην	ἐπίκειμαι	VERB	v-sppafa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	21 νομίζουσιν	acl	medium	Middle/deponent lexical analysis is possible; the participle is feminine accusative singular.
14	κάλυμμα	κάλυμμα	NOUN	n-s---na-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ἐπικειμένην	obj	high
15	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	17 κεφαλῇ	case	high
16	τῇ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 κεφαλῇ	det	high
17	κεφαλῇ	κεφαλή	NOUN	n-s---fd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἐπικειμένην	obl	high
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἐπικειμένην	punct	high
19	Ναυσικᾶν	Ναυσικάα	PROPN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Accusative predicative complement of εἶναι.
20	τε	τε	CCONJ	_	_	27 θεράπαιναν	cc	high
21	νομίζουσιν	νομίζω	VERB	v3ppia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
22	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	vnpainf-	Mood=Ind\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	21 νομίζουσιν	xcomp	high	Infinitive with accusative subject παρθένους and predicate accusatives.
23	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 Ἀλκίνου	det	high
24	Ἀλκίνου	Ἀλκίνοος	PROPN	n-s---fg-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 Ναυσικᾶν	nmod	high	Genitive patronymic/possessive relation: Nausicaa, daughter of Alcinoos.
25	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	27 θεράπαιναν	cc	high
26	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 θεράπαιναν	det	high
27	θεράπαιναν	θεράπαινα	NOUN	n-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 Ναυσικᾶν	conj	high	Coordinated with Ναυσικᾶν as a predicate accusative of εἶναι.
28	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἐλαυνούσας	punct	high
29	ἐλαυνούσας	ἐλαύνω	VERB	v-papafa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 νομίζουσιν	acl	medium	Accusative feminine plural participle, agreeing with παρθένους; semantically coordinated with the preceding participial descriptions.
30	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	32 πλυνούς	case	high
31	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	32 πλυνούς	det	high
32	πλυνούς	πλυνός	NOUN	n-p---ma-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 ἐλαυνούσας	obl	high
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	21 νομίζουσιν	punct	high

Sentence 3

5.19.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 23
Input: 786
Output: 1,645
Total: 2,431

τοξεύοντα δὲ ἄνδρα Κενταύρους, τοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπεκτονότα ἐξ αὐτῶν, δῆλα Ἡρακλέα τε τὸν τοξεύοντα καὶ Ἡρακλέους εἶναι τὸ ἔργον.

Elliptical descriptive syntax: δῆλα introduces coordinated accusative-and-infinitive content, with Ἡρακλέα as accusative subject of εἶναι and τὸ ἔργον as its nominal predicate; the initial accusatives belong to the depicted scenes.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοξεύοντα	τοξεύω	VERB	PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	3 ἄνδρα	amod	high	Substantival participle modifying ἄνδρα.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	13 δῆλα	cc	high
3	ἄνδρα	ἀνήρ	NOUN	NASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Κενταύρους	obj	medium	Accusative subject/object in an elliptical construction; paired with Κενταύρους.
4	Κενταύρους	Κένταυρος	NOUN	NAPM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 δῆλα	obj	medium	Accusative object of the understood/elliptical depiction claim.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	4 Κενταύρους	punct	high
6	τοὺς	ὁ	PRON	RP-AM-P	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἀπεκτονότα	obj	medium	Substantival relative-like article, coordinated with the first depiction.
7	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 τοὺς	cc	high
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	9 ἀπεκτονότα	cc	high
9	ἀπεκτονότα	ἀποκτείνω	VERB	PAP-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	4 Κενταύρους	conj	medium	Perfect active participle, agreeing with τοὺς and coordinated with the first participial depiction.
10	ἐξ	ἐκ	ADP	PREP	_	11 αὐτῶν	case	high
11	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	RP-GP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἀπεκτονότα	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἐξ.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 δῆλα	punct	high
13	δῆλα	δῆλος	ADJ	A-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	medium	Predicative adjective governing an accusative-and-infinitive construction.
14	Ἡρακλέα	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of εἶναι.
15	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 Ἡρακλέα	cc	high
16	τὸν	ὁ	DET	DA-SM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 τοξεύοντα	det	high
17	τοξεύοντα	τοξεύω	VERB	PAP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 Ἡρακλέα	appos	high	Participial apposition identifying Ἡρακλέα.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	20 εἶναι	cc	high
19	Ἡρακλέους	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 ἔργον	nmod	high	Possessive genitive: the work is Heracles'.
20	εἶναι	εἰμί	AUX	VNP	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	13 δῆλα	ccomp	high	Infinitive in accusative-and-infinitive construction.
21	τὸ	ὁ	DET	DA-SN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	22 ἔργον	det	high
22	ἔργον	ἔργον	NOUN	NNSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 εἶναι	nsubj	high	Subject/predicative nominal of εἶναι.
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	13 δῆλα	punct	high

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