Grammar parses for passage 5.19.9
Open translation for this passage
παρθένους δὲ ἐπὶ ἡμιόνων τὴν μὲν ἔχουσαν τὰς ἡνίας, τὴν δὲ ἐπικειμένην κάλυμμα ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ, Ναυσικᾶν τε νομίζουσιν εἶναι τὴν Ἀλκίνου καὶ τὴν θεράπαιναν, ἐλαυνούσας ἐπὶ τοὺς πλυνούς.
The syntax is a series of accusative participial phrases coordinated with μέν/δέ and later appositive objects of νομίζουσιν; ἐπὶ τοὺς πλυνούς is somewhat semantically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρθένους | παρθένος | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 νομίζουσιν | obj | high | Object of νομίζουσιν with participial modifiers. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 1 παρθένους | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 4 ἡμιόνων | case | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 4 | ἡμιόνων | ἡμίονος | NOUN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 παρθένους | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἐπί. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχουσαν | det | high | Article with participle functioning substantively. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 5 τὴν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 7 | ἔχουσαν | ἔχω | VERB | v-papafa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 παρθένους | acl | high | Participle modifying παρθένους. |
| 8 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | l-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἡνίας | det | high | Article with direct object. |
| 9 | ἡνίας | ἡνία | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἔχουσαν | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσαν. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔχουσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπικειμένην | det | high | Article with participle functioning substantively. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 11 τὴν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 13 | ἐπικειμένην | ἐπίκειμαι | VERB | v-pppfsa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 παρθένους | acl | medium | Participle modifying παρθένους; deponent/middle form. |
| 14 | κάλυμμα | κάλυμμα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπικειμένην | obj | high | Object of ἐπικειμένην. |
| 15 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 17 κεφαλῇ | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κεφαλῇ | det | high | Article with κεφαλῇ. |
| 17 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπικειμένην | obl | high | Locative oblique complement of ἐπικειμένην. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐπικειμένην | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | Ναυσικᾶν | Ναυσικάα | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 νομίζουσιν | obj | high | Accusative object of νομίζουσιν. |
| 20 | τε | τε | PART | g-------- | _ | 19 Ναυσικᾶν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 21 | νομίζουσιν | νομίζω | VERB | v3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 22 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | v--pnea--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 νομίζουσιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive with object-accusative construction. |
| 23 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 θεράπαιναν | det | high | Article with θεράπαιναν. |
| 24 | Ἀλκίνου | Ἀλκίνοος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 θεράπαιναν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of θεράπαιναν ('Alcinous's maidservant'). |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 19 Ναυσικᾶν | cc | high | Coordination marker between accusative predicates/objects. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 θεράπαιναν | det | high | Article with θεράπαιναν. |
| 27 | θεράπαιναν | θεράπαινα | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ναυσικᾶν | conj | high | Coordinated with Ναυσικᾶν. |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 θεράπαιναν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 29 | ἐλαυνούσας | ἐλαύνω | VERB | v-papafa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 παρθένους | acl | high | Participial modifier of παρθένους. |
| 30 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 32 πλυνούς | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 31 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 πλυνούς | det | high | Article with πλυνούς. |
| 32 | πλυνούς | πλυνός | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐλαυνούσας | obl | medium | Likely object of ἐπὶ in the participial clause; semantic reference somewhat uncertain. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 νομίζουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοξεύοντα δὲ ἄνδρα Κενταύρους, τοὺς δὲ καὶ ἀπεκτονότα ἐξ αὐτῶν, δῆλα Ἡρακλέα τε τὸν τοξεύοντα καὶ Ἡρακλέους εἶναι τὸ ἔργον.
The sentence is highly elliptical and appositional; the first clause is compressed, and the second clause uses an accusative-infinitive construction with δῆλα as predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοξεύοντα | τοξεύω | VERB | PAP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 Κενταύρους | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying ἄνδρα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 δῆλα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Κενταύρους | obj | high | Object of the participle τοξεύοντα. |
| 4 | Κενταύρους | Κένταυρος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 τοξεύοντα | obj | medium | Likely appositive to ἄνδρα, in accusative plural; text is syntactically compressed and somewhat irregular. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δῆλα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 ἀπεκτονότα | det | high | Article with implied object. |
| 7 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 δῆλα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἀπεκτονότα | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 9 | ἀπεκτονότα | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-RAP-?? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 δῆλα | conj | low | Perfect active participle; form is unusual/possibly dialectal or corrupt, but most likely agrees with an omitted masculine plural noun. |
| 10 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 11 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 11 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | A-P---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἀπεκτονότα | obl | high | Object of ἐξ. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δῆλα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | δῆλα | δῆλος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate adjective, syntactic root. |
| 14 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Subject of infinitive εἶναι in accusative-infinitive construction. |
| 15 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 14 Ἡρακλέα | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 τοξεύοντα | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 17 | τοξεύοντα | τοξεύω | VERB | PAP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 Ἡρακλέα | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying Ἡρακλέα. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 19 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-SMG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἔργον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἔργον. |
| 20 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | P--N-- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δῆλα | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of δῆλα. |
| 21 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ἔργον | det | high | Article with ἔργον. |
| 22 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject/predicate within the infinitival clause; simplified as obj of εἶναι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 δῆλα | punct | high | Punctuation. |