Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.2.2

← 5.2.1 5.2.3 →

Passage 5.2.2

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3sentences parsed

70Greek tokens

2,374input tokens

4,988output tokens

Sentence 1

5.2.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 22
Input: 793
Output: 1,545
Total: 2,338

ὡς δὲ ἔμαθεν, ἐνταῦθα οἱ Ἠλεῖοι δίκας τοῦ φόνου παρὰ Ἀργείων ἀπῄτουν· τηνικαῦτα γὰρ ἔτυχεν Ἡρακλῆς ἐν Τίρυνθι οἰκῶν.

The sentence has two main clauses coordinated only by punctuation, with ὡς ἔμαθεν introducing a temporal subordinate clause and οἰκῶν forming a participial modifier of Ἡρακλῆς.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	_	_	3 ἔμαθεν	mark	high	Subordinating conjunction introducing temporal clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	3 ἔμαθεν	advmod	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ἔμαθεν	μανθάνω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	13 ἀπῄτουν	advcl	high	Finite verb of subordinate temporal clause.
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	3 ἔμαθεν	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
5	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	_	_	13 ἀπῄτουν	advmod	high	Locative adverb modifying the main clause.
6	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	7 Ἠλεῖοι	det	high	Definite article with substantive adjective.
7	Ἠλεῖοι	Ἠλεῖος	ADJ	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπῄτουν	nsubj	high	Substantivized adjective, 'the Eleans'.
8	δίκας	δίκη	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπῄτουν	obj	high	Direct object of ἀπῄτουν.
9	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 φόνου	det	high	Article.
10	φόνου	φόνος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 δίκας	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of δίκας.
11	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	12 Ἀργείων	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
12	Ἀργείων	Ἀργεῖος	ADJ	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ἀπῄτουν	obl	high	Prepositional object with παρὰ.
13	ἀπῄτουν	ἀπαιτέω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the sentence.
14	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἀπῄτουν	punct	high	Middle dot punctuation.
15	τηνικαῦτα	τηνικαῦτα	ADV	_	_	17 ἔτυχεν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
16	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	17 ἔτυχεν	discourse	high	Postpositive explanatory particle.
17	ἔτυχεν	τυγχάνω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Root of second coordinated/main clause.
18	Ἡρακλῆς	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ἔτυχεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔτυχεν.
19	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	20 Τίρυνθι	case	high	Preposition.
20	Τίρυνθι	Τίρυνς	PROPN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 οἰκῶν	obl	high	Locative complement with ἐν.
21	οἰκῶν	οἰκέω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	17 ἔτυχεν	advcl	high	Present participle modifying Ἡρακλῆς.
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	17 ἔτυχεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

5.2.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 20
Input: 754
Output: 1,411
Total: 2,165

ὡς δὲ ἡμάρτανον καὶ τούτου, Μολίνην θέσθαι φασὶν ἐπὶ τοῖς πολίταις κατάρας, ἢν Ἰσθμίων μὴ θέλωσιν εἴργεσθαι.

The syntax is dominated by indirect speech after φασίν, with a subordinate ὡς-clause and a conditional clause introduced by ἢν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	_	_	3 ἡμάρτανον	mark	high	Subordinating/introducing conjunction for the clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	3 ἡμάρτανον	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ἡμάρτανον	ἁμαρτάνω	VERB	VIAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	9 φασὶν	advcl	high	Verb of the subordinate clause governed by φασίν.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	5 τούτου	cc	high	Connects to τούτου.
5	τούτου	οὗτος	PRON	PD-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	3 ἡμάρτανον	obj	high	Genitive object/complement with ἁμαρτάνω ('err in/with this').
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 φασὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.
7	Μολίνην	Μολίνη	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 θέσθαι	obj	high	Accusative subject/name with infinitive.
8	θέσθαι	τίθημι	VERB	VAMN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	9 φασὶν	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive after φασί.
9	φασὶν	φημί	VERB	VPAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the sentence.
10	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	13 κατάρας	case	high	Preposition governing κατάρας.
11	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	T-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 πολίταις	det	high	Article modifying πολίταις.
12	πολίταις	πολίτης	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 κατάρας	obl	high	Dative object of ἐπί.
13	κατάρας	κατάρα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 θέσθαι	obj	medium	Accusative noun dependent on the infinitive; likely object of θέσθαι.
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 φασὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.
15	ἢν	ἐάν	SCONJ	_	_	18 θέλωσιν	mark	high	Conditional subordinating particle.
16	Ἰσθμίων	Ἰσθμία	PROPN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 θέλωσιν	obj	low	Likely genitive with verbal idea 'refrain from the Isthmian games'; form is ambiguous.
17	μὴ	μή	PART	_	_	18 θέλωσιν	advmod	high	Negative particle.
18	θέλωσιν	ἐθέλω	VERB	VPSA3P	Mood=Sub\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	19 εἴργεσθαι	advcl	high	Verb in the conditional clause.
19	εἴργεσθαι	εἴργω	VERB	VPN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	18 θέλωσιν	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive.
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9 φασὶν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 4

5.2.2 sentence 4

Tokens: 28
Input: 827
Output: 2,032
Total: 2,859

φυλάσσουσι δὲ τῆς Μολίνης καὶ ἐς τόδε ἔτι τὰς κατάρας, καὶ ὅσοι τὰ σώματα ἀσκοῦσιν Ἠλείων, οὔ σφισιν ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐσελθεῖν καθέστηκε τὸν Ἰσθμικόν.

The syntax is paratactic: the first finite verb governs the opening clause, then a relative-clause segment and a final infinitival complement clause with καθέστηκε as the main predicate.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	φυλάσσουσι	φυλάσσω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	1 φυλάσσουσι	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 Μολίνης	det	high	Article modifying Μολίνης.
4	Μολίνης	Μολίνη	PROPN	N-ASF?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 φυλάσσουσι	obj	medium	Likely genitive object of φυλάσσουσι, though case/form is somewhat unexpected.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	6 ἐς	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
6	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	10 κατάρας	case	high	Preposition governing τόδε.
7	τόδε	ὅδε	DET	PD-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	6 ἐς	obl	high	Demonstrative object of ἐς.
8	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	1 φυλάσσουσι	advmod	high	Adverbial modifier.
9	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	10 κατάρας	det	high	Article modifying κατάρας.
10	κατάρας	κατάρα	NOUN	N-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 φυλάσσουσι	obj	high	Second object/complement of φυλάσσουσι.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 φυλάσσουσι	punct	high	Punctuation.
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	25 καθέστηκε	cc	high	Coordinates the next clause with the prior clause.
13	ὅσοι	ὅσος	PRON	RI-APM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	16 ἀσκοῦσιν	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun functioning as subject.
14	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	15 σώματα	det	high	Article modifying σώματα.
15	σώματα	σῶμα	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 ἀσκοῦσιν	obj	high	Object of ἀσκοῦσιν.
16	ἀσκοῦσιν	ἀσκέω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	25 καθέστηκε	advcl	high	Finite verb in relative clause modifying the following main clause.
17	Ἠλείων	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	A--GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 ἀσκοῦσιν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of σώματα/ἀσκοῦσιν, indicating people of Elis.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	25 καθέστηκε	punct	high	Punctuation.
19	οὔ	οὐ	PART	_	_	25 καθέστηκε	advmod	high	Negation particle.
20	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-3DP	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	25 καθέστηκε	iobj	high	Dative personal pronoun.
21	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	24 ἐσελθεῖν	case	high	Preposition governing ἀγῶνα.
22	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	23 ἀγῶνα	det	high	Article modifying ἀγῶνα.
23	ἀγῶνα	ἀγών	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 ἐσελθεῖν	obj	high	Object of ἐσελθεῖν.
24	ἐσελθεῖν	εἰσέρχομαι	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	25 καθέστηκε	xcomp	high	Complement infinitive of καθέστηκε.
25	καθέστηκε	καθίστημι	VERB	V-RAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Likely main verb of second clause; perfect form with stative/resultative sense.
26	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	27 Ἰσθμικόν	det	high	Article modifying Ἰσθμικόν.
27	Ἰσθμικόν	Ἰσθμικός	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 ἀγῶνα	amod	high	Attributive adjective modifying ἀγῶνα.
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	25 καθέστηκε	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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