Grammar parses for passage 5.2.4
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ ἕτερος ἔχει τῶν λόγων Προλάῳ παῖδας ἀνδρὶ παρὰ Ἠλείοις δοκίμῳ καὶ τῇ γυναικὶ αὐτοῦ Λυσίππῃ Φίλανθον καὶ Λάμπον γενέσθαι·
The construction means that one account says that Prolaos and his wife Lysippe had/produced Philanthus and Lampon; the dative phrase identifies Prolaos as a man esteemed among the Eleans.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article-nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἕτερος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 4 ἔχει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἕτερος | ἕτερος | PRON | a-nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔχει | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective/pronoun, subject of ἔχει. |
| 4 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | v3spiaa | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | article-gpm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 λόγων | det | high | |
| 6 | λόγων | λόγος | NOUN | n-gpm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἔχει | obl | high | Genitive with ἕτερος understood as ‘the other account/story’. |
| 7 | Προλάῳ | Πρόλαος | PROPN | n-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 παῖδας | nmod | medium | Dative possessive/associative with παῖδας. |
| 8 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | n-apm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 9 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 δοκίμῳ | nsubj | medium | Dative with δοκίμῳ, agreeing/appositional to Προλάῳ. |
| 10 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | prep | AdpType=Prep | 11 Ἠλείοις | case | high | |
| 11 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | a-dpm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 δοκίμῳ | obl | high | Dative complement of παρά. |
| 12 | δοκίμῳ | δόκιμος | ADJ | a-dsm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Προλάῳ | appos | medium | Adjective modifies/apposes Προλάῳ via ἀνδρί: a man esteemed among the Eleans. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 15 γυναικὶ | cc | high | |
| 14 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | article-dsf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γυναικὶ | det | high | |
| 15 | γυναικὶ | γυνή | NOUN | n-dsf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Προλάῳ | conj | medium | Coordinated dative participant with Προλάῳ. |
| 16 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | p-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 γυναικὶ | nmod:poss | high | |
| 17 | Λυσίππῃ | Λυσίππη | PROPN | n-dsf | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 γυναικὶ | appos | high | |
| 18 | Φίλανθον | Φίλανθος | PROPN | n-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | obj | high | First accusative predicate/name in the infinitival clause. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 20 Λάμπον | cc | high | |
| 20 | Λάμπον | Λάμπων | PROPN | n-asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Second coordinated accusative predicate/name. |
| 21 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | v3aamn | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 ἔχει | ccomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔχει; παῖδας is its accusative subject. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχει | punct | high |
τούτους ἐπὶ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐλθόντας τῶν Ἰσθμίων παγκρατιάσοντας ἐν παισί, τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν παλαίσοντα, ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνταγωνιστῶν, πρὶν ἢ ἐς τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐσελθεῖν, ἀποπνιγῆναι σφᾶς ἢ καὶ ἄλλῳ τῷ τρόπῳ διαχρησθῆναι·
The sentence is a verbless/elliptical infinitival continuation: ἀποπνιγῆναι is the principal infinitive, with τούτους as its accusative subject; διαχρησθῆναι is coordinated, while the participles specify the contestants and the temporal clause modifies the infinitives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | obj | medium | Accusative demonstrative, understood subject of the infinitival construction. |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R- | _ | 4 ἀγῶνα | case | high | |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 4 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐλθόντας | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐλθόντας. |
| 5 | ἐλθόντας | ἔρχομαι | VERB | VAAPPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | advcl | medium | Aorist participle agreeing with τούτους. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | R-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 Ἰσθμίων | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἴσθμια | PROPN | Neut-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 παγκρατιάσοντας | nmod | high | Genitive of the Isthmian games. |
| 8 | παγκρατιάσοντας | παγκρατιάω | VERB | VFAAPMA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἐλθόντας | xcomp | medium | Future participle expressing intended participation. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 10 παισί | case | high | |
| 10 | παισί | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 παγκρατιάσοντας | obl | medium | Likely ‘among/in the boys’ as complement of παγκρατιάσοντας. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐλθόντας | punct | high | |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παλαίσοντα | det | high | |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 15 παλαίσοντα | cc | high | |
| 14 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | PGPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 παλαίσοντα | nmod:poss | high | |
| 15 | παλαίσοντα | παλαίω | VERB | VFAAPMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | conj | medium | Future participle with singular accusative referent, contrasting with the plural group. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 παλαίσοντα | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-G | _ | 19 ἀνταγωνιστῶν | case | high | |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | R-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἀνταγωνιστῶν | det | high | |
| 19 | ἀνταγωνιστῶν | ἀνταγωνιστής | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | obl:agent | high | |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἀνταγωνιστῶν | punct | high | |
| 21 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | D- | _ | 26 ἐσελθεῖν | mark | high | |
| 22 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 21 πρὶν | cc | medium | Part of the fixed temporal expression πρὶν ἢ. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 25 ἀγῶνα | case | high | |
| 24 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 ἀγῶνα | det | high | |
| 25 | ἀγῶνα | ἀγών | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐσελθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 26 | ἐσελθεῖν | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | VAAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | advcl | high | Aorist infinitive in the temporal clause. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἐσελθεῖν | punct | high | |
| 28 | ἀποπνιγῆναι | ἀποπνίγω | VERB | VAOPN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive infinitive, with τούτους as accusative subject. |
| 29 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | PP-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 35 διαχρησθῆναι | obj | medium | Accusative pronoun, subject of the coordinated infinitive διαχρησθῆναι; antecedent likely τούτους. |
| 30 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 35 διαχρησθῆναι | cc | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D- | _ | 35 διαχρησθῆναι | advmod | high | Additive particle. |
| 32 | ἄλλῳ | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 τρόπῳ | amod | high | |
| 33 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 τρόπῳ | det | high | |
| 34 | τρόπῳ | τρόπος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 διαχρησθῆναι | obl | high | Dative of manner. |
| 35 | διαχρησθῆναι | διαχράομαι | VERB | VAOPN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | conj | high | Coordinated aorist passive infinitive: ‘be destroyed/killed in another way’. |
| 36 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἀποπνιγῆναι | punct | high |
καὶ οὕτω τὰς ἐπὶ τοῖς Ἠλείοις, ἢν Ἰσθμίων μὴ ἑκόντες εἴργωνται, Λυσίππης ἀρὰς εἶναι.
Infinitival clause εἶναι has an understood subject and predicate ἀρὰς, with τὰς ... as its accusative complement; ἢν introduces a conditional clause whose subject is Ἰσθμίων and whose finite verb is εἴργωνται. The exact attachment of τὰς to the omitted/elliptical noun is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 οὕτω | cc | high | |
| 2 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | ADV | PronType=Dem | 16 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 3 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἀρὰς | det | medium | Article substantivizes or determines an elliptical feminine plural noun. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 6 Ἠλείοις | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Ἠλείοις | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prop | 15 ἀρὰς | obl | high | With ἐπί, dative means circumstances/concerning the Eleans. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἢν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Int | 12 εἴργωνται | mark | medium | Conditional particle, conventionally ἐάν with subjunctive; token form is ἢν. |
| 9 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἰσθμιακός | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εἴργωνται | nsubj | low | Likely substantivized genitive plural, ‘of the Isthmian [contests]’; exact syntax is elliptical. |
| 10 | μὴ | μή | PART | T_PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 εἴργωνται | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἑκόντες | ἑκών | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 εἴργωνται | advmod | high | Predicative circumstantial adjective, ‘willingly’. |
| 12 | εἴργωνται | εἴργω | VERB | V-PAS-3P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 16 εἶναι | advcl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 εἴργωνται | punct | high | |
| 14 | Λυσίππης | Λυσίππη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prop | 15 ἀρὰς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀρὰς. |
| 15 | ἀρὰς | ἀρά | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 16 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 εἶναι | punct | high |
δείκνυται δὲ καὶ ὅδε εὐήθης ὢν ὁ λόγος.
The demonstrative ὅδε and the articular noun ὁ λόγος form a nominative subject phrase; εὐήθης ὢν is its predicate, with ὢν analyzed as a copular participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δείκνυται | δείκνυμι | VERB | V-3SG-PRES-MP-IND | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle/passive indicative, here passive: ‘is shown/proved’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ὅδε | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 4 | ὅδε | ὅδε | PRON | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 δείκνυται | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject, agreeing with λόγος. |
| 5 | εὐήθης | εὐήθης | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγος | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with λόγος. |
| 6 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 εὐήθης | cop | high | Present active participle of εἰμί, functioning copularly in the predicate. |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 λόγος | det | high | Article modifying λόγος. |
| 8 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὅδε | appos | medium | Nominative noun in apposition to ὅδε; also semantic subject of the predicate εὐήθης ὢν. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 δείκνυται | punct | high |