Grammar parses for passage 5.2.5
Open translation for this passage
Τίμωνι γὰρ ἀνδρὶ Ἠλείῳ γεγόνασι πεντάθλου νῖκαι τῶν ἐν Ἕλλησιν ἀγώνων, καί οἱ καὶ εἰκών ἐστιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἐλεγεῖον, στεφάνους τε ὁπόσους ἀνείλετο ὁ Τίμων λέγον καὶ δὴ καὶ αἰτίαν διʼ ἥντινα Ἰσθμικῆς οὐ μέτεστιν αὐτῷ νίκης·
The first clause has postposed/implicit subject νῖκαι with Τίμωνι as ethical/dative possessor or reference; εἰκών and ἐλεγεῖον are coordinated subjects of ἐστιν. The final participial phrase λέγον depends on ἐλεγεῖον and introduces its contents; ἥντινα is an accusative relative determiner modifying αἰτίαν, while διʼ governs the causal accusative relative clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τίμωνι | Τίμων | PROPN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 γεγόνασι | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possessor with γεγόνασι. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | G---- | _ | 5 γεγόνασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Τίμωνι | appos | high | Apposition to Τίμωνι. |
| 4 | Ἠλείῳ | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | |
| 5 | γεγόνασι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--RIA3P- | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active form, intransitive ‘have occurred/come to be’. |
| 6 | πεντάθλου | πένταθλον | NOUN | N--GSN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 νῖκαι | nmod | high | Genitive of the event/discipline. |
| 7 | νῖκαι | νίκη | NOUN | N--NFP-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 γεγόνασι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀγώνων | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ἕλλησιν | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀγώνων | nmod | high | Dative governed by ἐν. |
| 11 | ἀγώνων | ἀγών | NOUN | N--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νῖκαι | nmod | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 γεγόνασι | punct | high | |
| 13 | καί | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 εἰκών | cc | high | Coordinates the second predicative nominal with the first. |
| 14 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 εἰκών | iobj | medium | Enclitic/weak dative pronoun, ‘for him’; orthographic form identical to article. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 εἰκών | advmod | high | Focusing ‘also’. |
| 16 | εἰκών | εἰκών | NOUN | N--NFS-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Coordinated nominal subject of ἐστιν. |
| 17 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 γεγόνασι | conj | high | Second coordinated clause; singular agreement with εἰκών/ἐλεγεῖον. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 19 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 εἰκών | obl | high | Location of the image. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἐλεγεῖον | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἐστιν | conj | high | Coordinated subject/predicate nominal with εἰκών. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 23 | στεφάνους | στέφανος | NOUN | N--APM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 λέγον | obj | medium | Object/content of λέγον; accusative subject-like item in the quoted statement. |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 στεφάνους | cc | high | |
| 25 | ὁπόσους | ὁπόσος | DET | A--APM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 στεφάνους | det | high | Free/relative quantifying determiner modifying στεφάνους. |
| 26 | ἀνείλετο | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V--AMI3S- | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 25 ὁπόσους | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying the quantified στεφάνους. |
| 27 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 Τίμων | det | high | |
| 28 | Τίμων | Τίμων | PROPN | N--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἀνείλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | λέγον | λέγω | VERB | V-PAPNSN- | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ἐλεγεῖον | acl | medium | Neuter nominative participle agreeing with ἐλεγεῖον; idiomatically ‘saying/containing’. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 αἰτίαν | cc | high | Coordinates αἰτίαν with στεφάνους. |
| 31 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 33 αἰτίαν | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 αἰτίαν | advmod | high | Focusing ‘also/even’. |
| 33 | αἰτίαν | αἰτία | NOUN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 λέγον | obj | medium | Second accusative content item coordinated with στεφάνους. |
| 34 | διʼ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 35 ἥντινα | case | high | With accusative, expressing cause/reason. |
| 35 | ἥντινα | ὅστις | PRON | P--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 μέτεστιν | obl | medium | Accusative relative pronoun, ‘for which reason’; agrees with/recalls αἰτίαν. |
| 36 | Ἰσθμικῆς | Ἰσθμικός | ADJ | A--GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 νίκης | amod | high | Modifies νίκης. |
| 37 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 38 μέτεστιν | advmod | high | |
| 38 | μέτεστιν | μέτειμι | VERB | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 33 αἰτίαν | acl:relcl | medium | Impersonal/existential construction ‘there is no share in’; relative clause linked to αἰτίαν. |
| 39 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 μέτεστιν | iobj | high | Dative of person with μέτεστιν. |
| 40 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N--GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 μέτεστιν | obl | high | Genitive of thing with μέτεστιν. |
| 41 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 γεγόνασι | punct | high |
καὶ ἔχει τὰ ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ἐλεγεῖον·
The phrase τὰ ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ἐλεγεῖον is idiomatic/substantivized and syntactically compressed; ἐλεγεῖον is retained as transmitted despite its apparent case mismatch after ἐς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 2 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐς | obj | medium | Substantivized article, governing the following prepositional phrase. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 2 ἔχει | obl | high | |
| 5 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | D-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 7 ἐλεγεῖον | det | high | |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐλεγεῖον | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐλεγεῖον | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐς | obl | medium | Nominal phrase after εἰς; an accusative form is expected syntactically, but the transmitted text has nominative/neuter form. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἔχει | punct | high |
Σισυφίαν δὲ μολεῖν χθόνʼ ἐκώλυεν ἀνέρα νείκη ἀμφὶ Μολιονιδᾶν οὐλομένῳ θανάτῳ.
The infinitive μολεῖν is the complement of ἐκώλυεν; χθόνʼ is its accusative object, while Σισυφίαν is the accusative subject of the infinitive. νείκη is a poetic neuter plural form functioning as the subject of ἐκώλυεν; ἀμφὶ with Μολιονιδᾶν and οὐλομένῳ θανάτῳ specifies the quarrel about the Molionids’ deadly death. The coordination between νείκη and the following prepositional phrase is syntactically compressed and interpreted with low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Σισυφίαν | Σισυφία | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μολεῖν | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive μολεῖν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 ἐκώλυεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μολεῖν | μόλειν | VERB | v--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐκώλυεν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive complement of ἐκώλυεν; poetic form from μολεῖν/μολεῖν, ‘to come’. |
| 4 | χθόνʼ | χθών | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 μολεῖν | obj | high | Accusative object/place goal of μολεῖν; elided final vowel before the following consonant. |
| 5 | ἐκώλυεν | κωλύω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate. |
| 6 | ἀνέρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μολεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative complement/object associated with μολεῖν, likely ‘a man’; exact construction is compressed. |
| 7 | νείκη | νεῖκος | NOUN | n-p---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐκώλυεν | nsubj | low | Poetic/orthographic form interpreted as nominative neuter plural ‘quarrels’; number agreement with the singular verb is collective or compressed. |
| 8 | ἀμφὶ | ἀμφί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 7 νείκη | case | high | Preposition governing Μολιονιδᾶν. |
| 9 | Μολιονιδᾶν | Μολιονίδης | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 νείκη | nmod | medium | Genitive plural name, complement of ἀμφί in the sense ‘about/concerning the Molionids’. |
| 10 | οὐλομένῳ | οὐλόμενος | ADJ | a-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 θανάτῳ | amod | medium | Dative masculine singular adjective agreeing with θανάτῳ; exact lexical parsing is uncertain. |
| 11 | θανάτῳ | θάνατος | NOUN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 νείκη | obl | low | Dative phrase οὐλομένῳ θανάτῳ, likely instrumental or circumstantial; attachment to νείκη is uncertain. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκώλυεν | punct | high |