Grammar parses for passage 5.20.8
Open translation for this passage
ἀνὴρ βουλῆς τῆς Ῥωμαίων ἀνείλετο Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην·
The subject ἀνήρ is modified by the genitive phrase βουλῆς τῆς Ῥωμαίων; ἀνείλετο is aorist middle, with Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην as its object. The exact sense of ἀνείλετο may be idiomatic ('won/secured').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνείλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | βουλῆς | βουλή | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνὴρ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀνήρ; likely denotes membership or office. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 βουλῆς | det | high | |
| 4 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | PROPN | a-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 βουλῆς | nmod | high | Ethnic/national genitive modifying βουλῆς. |
| 5 | ἀνείλετο | ἀναιρέω | VERB | v3saim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist middle; idiomatic sense likely 'won' or 'secured' a victory. |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπικὴν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 νίκην | amod | high | |
| 7 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνείλετο | obj | high | |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀνείλετο | punct | high |
ἐθέλων δὲ ὑπολιπέσθαι τῆς νίκης ὑπόμνημα χαλκῆν εἰκόνα σὺν ἐπιγράμματι, ὤρυσσεν ἐς ποίησιν βάθρου·
The participial phrase ἐθέλων ... ὑπολιπέσθαι expresses purpose/intention with ὤρυσσεν; ὑπόμνημα χαλκῆν εἰκόνα is the object of ὑπολιπέσθαι, while ἐς ποίησιν βάθρου is the complement of ὤρυσσεν. The middle infinitive ὑπολιπέσθαι is morphologically clear, but its exact semantic subject is the understood subject of ὤρυσσεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐθέλων | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ὤρυσσεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial/intentional participle agreeing with the understood subject of ὤρυσσεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐθέλων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὑπολιπέσθαι | ὑπολείπω | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 ἐθέλων | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on ἐθέλων. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 νίκης | det | high | |
| 5 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ὑπόμνημα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὑπόμνημα: memorial of the victory. |
| 6 | ὑπόμνημα | ὑπόμνημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὑπολιπέσθαι | obj | high | Direct object of ὑπολιπέσθαι. |
| 7 | χαλκῆν | χάλκεος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἰκόνα | amod | high | Agrees with εἰκόνα; describes the bronze material. |
| 8 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ὑπόμνημα | appos | high | Appositional specification of ὑπόμνημα. |
| 9 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | P | _ | 10 ἐπιγράμματι | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 10 | ἐπιγράμματι | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | Accompanying dative phrase, attached to the image. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὤρυσσεν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ὤρυσσεν | ὀρύσσω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 14 ποίησιν | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 14 | ποίησιν | ποίησις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ὤρυσσεν | obl | high | Purpose/directional nominal complement of ὤρυσσεν: for making/construction. |
| 15 | βάθρου | βάθρον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ποίησιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ποίησιν, specifying what is to be made. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ὤρυσσεν | punct | high |
καὶ ὡς ἐγένετο ἐγγύτατα τὸ ὄρυγμα αὐτῷ τῆς τοῦ Οἰνομάου κίονος, ἐνταῦθα εὕρισκον οἱ ὀρύσσοντες καὶ ὅπλων καὶ χαλινῶν καὶ ψαλίων θραύματα.
The first clause is a temporal ὡς-advcl; ὄρυγμα is nominative with γίγνομαι. The coordinated genitives depend on θραύσματα/θραύματα, whose nominative neuter plural is syntactically irregular with εὕρισκον and may reflect textual or constructional variation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 εὕρισκον | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐγένετο | mark | medium | Temporal conjunction: ‘when/as’. |
| 3 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3SAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 εὕρισκον | advcl | high | |
| 4 | ἐγγύτατα | ἐγγύς | ADV | _ | Degree=Sup | 3 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρυγμα | det | high | |
| 6 | ὄρυγμα | ὄρυγμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 ὄρυγμα | obl | medium | Dative of relation/association with ὄρυγμα. |
| 8 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 κίονος | det | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Οἰνομάου | det | high | |
| 10 | Οἰνομάου | Οἰνόμαος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 κίονος | nmod | high | |
| 11 | κίονος | κίων | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ὄρυγμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὄρυγμα; τῆς ... κίονος is the column’s. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εὕρισκον | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | PronType=Dem | 14 εὕρισκον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | εὕρισκον | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-3PPI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ὀρύσσοντες | det | high | |
| 16 | ὀρύσσοντες | ὀρύσσω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 εὕρισκον | nsubj | high | Substantivized present participle, ‘those digging’. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ὅπλων | cc | high | |
| 18 | ὅπλων | ὅπλον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 θραύματα | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive of things found. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 χαλινῶν | cc | high | |
| 20 | χαλινῶν | χαλινός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 θραύματα | nmod | high | Coordinated genitive object. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ψαλίων | cc | high | |
| 22 | ψαλίων | ψάλιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 θραύματα | nmod | high | Coordinated genitive object. |
| 23 | θραύματα | θραῦσμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 εὕρισκον | obj | high | Accusative-like semantic object is expressed by nominative neuter plural with εὕρισκον; possible textual/syntactic irregularity. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εὕρισκον | punct | high |