Grammar parses for passage 5.21.16
Open translation for this passage
θαῦμα μὲν δὴ καὶ ἄλλως ἐν οὐδενὸς λόγῳ τὸν θεὸν θέσθαι τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ δέξασθαί τινα ἢ δοῦναι δῶρα ἐπὶ τῷ ἀγῶνι·
The clause is an infinitival construction with θέσθαι as root; the internal syntax around τὸν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ is somewhat elliptical, but it most likely modifies θεόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 θέσθαι | obj | high | Infinitival clause noun; likely object/complement of θέσθαι. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 θέσθαι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 θέσθαι | discourse | high | Particle strengthening the statement. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἄλλως | advmod | medium | Likely coordinating/emphatic with ἄλλως; could also link larger constituents. |
| 5 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 θέσθαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying θέσθαι. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 λόγῳ | case | high | Preposition governing λόγῳ. |
| 7 | οὐδενὸς | οὐδείς | DET | A-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγῳ | det | high | Genitive modifier of λόγῳ. |
| 8 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 θέσθαι | obl | high | Prepositional oblique. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 θεὸν | det | high | Article with θεόν. |
| 10 | θεὸν | θεός | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 θέσθαι | obj | high | Object of θέσθαι. |
| 11 | θέσθαι | τίθημι | VERB | V--A--N-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive in indirect discourse/complementary construction. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | det | high | Article with ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ used substantively or as part of ellipsis. |
| 13 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 θέσθαι | nmod | medium | Likely locative modifier with article and preposition; exact attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 δέξασθαί | cc | high | Coordinates infinitives. |
| 16 | δέξασθαί | δέχομαι | VERB | V--A--N-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 θέσθαι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive. |
| 17 | τινα | τις | PRON | P-s---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 δέξασθαί | obj | high | Object of δέξασθαι. |
| 18 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 δοῦναι | cc | high | Coordinates alternatives. |
| 19 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V--A--N-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 δέξασθαί | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive in alternative with δέξασθαι. |
| 20 | δῶρα | δῶρον | NOUN | N-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 δοῦναι | obj | high | Object of δοῦναι. |
| 21 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 ἀγῶνι | case | high | Preposition governing ἀγῶνι. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ἀγῶνι | det | high | Article with ἀγῶνι. |
| 23 | ἀγῶνι | ἀγών | NOUN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 δοῦναι | obl | high | Prepositional oblique of circumstance/occasion. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 θέσθαι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
λέγεται δὲ ὡς Δαμόνικος τολμήσειεν Ἠλεῖος δευτέρᾳ πρὸς ταῖς ἑκατὸν καὶ ἐνενήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδι·
Indirect statement with ὡς; temporal dating phrase is marked by πρὸς + dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PPM/P-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause verb in impersonal/reporting use. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 5 τολμήσειεν | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement. |
| 4 | Δαμόνικος | Δαμόνικος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 τολμήσειεν | nsubj | high | Subject of the reported verb. |
| 5 | τολμήσειεν | τολμάω | VERB | V-AOA-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 1 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse. |
| 6 | Ἠλεῖος | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Δαμόνικος | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective modifying Δαμόνικος; could be appositive in sense. |
| 7 | δευτέρᾳ | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ὀλυμπιάδι | amod | medium | With Ὀλυμπιάδι, expressing ordinal date. |
| 8 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R- | _ | 13 Ὀλυμπιάδι | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 9 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DFP | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 Ὀλυμπιάδι | det | high | Article with numeral phrase. |
| 10 | ἑκατὸν | ἑκατόν | NUM | M | NumType=Card | 13 Ὀλυμπιάδι | nummod | high | Part of the numeral expression. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ἑκατὸν | cc | high | Connects numeral elements. |
| 12 | ἐνενήκοντα | ἐνενήκοντα | NUM | M | NumType=Card | 10 ἑκατὸν | conj | high | Second numeral coordinated with ἑκατόν. |
| 13 | Ὀλυμπιάδι | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 τολμήσειεν | obl | high | Dative of time with preposition phrase. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέγεται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
συνεστηκέναι μὲν γὰρ παλαίοντας ἐπὶ τῷ στεφάνῳ τόν τε τοῦ Δαμονίκου παῖδα Πολύκτορα καὶ Σώσανδρον γένος Σμυρναῖον, ὁμώνυμον τῷ πατρί·
The sentence is elliptical and built around an infinitive with participial/appositional phrases; the main syntactic dependency of the names is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνεστηκέναι | συνίστημι | VERB | V-NA | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitival clause; likely governed by an omitted reporting verb. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | DParticle | _ | 1 συνεστηκέναι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | DParticle | _ | 1 συνεστηκέναι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 4 | παλαίοντας | παλαίω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 συνεστηκέναι | obj | medium | Probably participial complement dependent on συνεστηκέναι. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 7 στεφάνῳ | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 στεφάνῳ | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | στεφάνῳ | στέφανος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παλαίοντας | obl | high | Object of ἐπί. |
| 8 | τόν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 παῖδα | det | high | Article introducing παῖδα. |
| 9 | τε | τε | PART | GParticle | _ | 8 τόν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Δαμονίκου | det | high | Article. |
| 11 | Δαμονίκου | Δαμονίκος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 παῖδα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παῖδα. |
| 12 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 παλαίοντας | appos | medium | Appositional identification of one of the wrestlers; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 13 | Πολύκτορα | Πολύκτωρ | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 παῖδα | appos | high | Proper name in apposition to παῖδα. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 15 Σώσανδρον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 15 | Σώσανδρον | Σώσανδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 παῖδα | conj | high | Second coordinated proper name. |
| 16 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Πολύκτορα | appos | low | Likely appositive descriptor; case/gender relation is somewhat uncertain in this context. |
| 17 | Σμυρναῖον | Σμυρναῖος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Σώσανδρον | amod | medium | Likely agrees with Σώσανδρον in apposition; could alternatively modify γένος. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνεστηκέναι | punct | high | Comma. |
| 19 | ὁμώνυμον | ὁμώνυμος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 συνεστηκέναι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective; agreement/function somewhat uncertain without the omitted finite verb. |
| 20 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 πατρί | det | high | Article. |
| 21 | πατρί | πατήρ | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὁμώνυμον | obl | high | Dative complement with ὁμώνυμον. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 συνεστηκέναι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |