Grammar parses for passage 5.21.4
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ἀγαλμάτων τούτων παρέντι τρίτον τε ἐξ αὐτῶν καὶ τέταρτον, γεγραμμένα ἐλεγεῖά ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις.
The participle παρέντι is difficult and likely means ‘to one passing by’ or ‘for a passer-by’; τρίτον and τέταρτον are substantivized ordinals coordinated by τε καί, while γεγραμμένα agrees with the implied ἐλεγεῖα. The construction is somewhat textually/semantically uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγαλμάτων | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 παρέντι | obl | medium | Genitive with παρέντι; exact semantic relation is uncertain. |
| 4 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | D-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | |
| 5 | παρέντι | παρένειμι | VERB | V-PAPDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐστιν | advcl | low | Rare/uncertain form; possibly a dative substantivized participle, ‘for/to one passing by’. |
| 6 | τρίτον | τρίτος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 γεγραμμένα | conj | medium | Substantivized ordinal; coordinated with τέταρτον. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 τέταρτον | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 αὐτῶν | case | high | |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 6 τρίτον | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐξ. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 τέταρτον | cc | high | |
| 11 | τέταρτον | τέταρτος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 τρίτον | conj | high | Substantivized ordinal; paired with τρίτον. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 γεγραμμένα | punct | high | |
| 13 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | V-RPPNPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 14 ἐλεγεῖά | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying implied neuter plural ἐλεγεῖα. |
| 14 | ἐλεγεῖά | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI3-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Singular copula with neuter plural subject, as normal in Greek. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἄλλοις | case | high | |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἄλλοις | det | high | |
| 18 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐλεγεῖά | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the other [inscriptions/epigrams]’. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐθέλει δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον τῶν ἐλεγείων δηλοῦν ὡς οὐ χρήμασιν ἀλλὰ ὠκύτητι τῶν ποδῶν καὶ ὑπὸ ἰσχύος σώματος Ὀλυμπικὴν ἔστιν εὑρέσθαι νίκην,
The sentence contains a ὡς-content clause under δηλοῦν; εὑρέσθαι with impersonal ἔστιν expresses that an Olympic victory can be obtained, contrasting money with speed of feet and bodily strength.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐθέλει | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐθέλει | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 πρῶτον | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 5 πρῶτον | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, paired with ἀλλά. |
| 5 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-SAN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 δηλοῦν | obj | high | Substantivized: ‘the first [of the elegies]’. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐλεγείων | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐλεγείων | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πρῶτον | nmod | high | |
| 8 | δηλοῦν | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἐθέλει | xcomp | high | |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 δηλοῦν | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 21 ἔστιν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | χρήμασιν | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ὠκύτητι | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 12 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ὠκύτητι | cc | high | Contrasts χρήμασιν with the following means expressions. |
| 13 | ὠκύτητι | ὠκύτης | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἔστιν | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ποδῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ὠκύτητι | nmod | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἰσχύος | cc | high | Coordinates the second means phrase. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 ἰσχύος | case | high | With genitive, expressing agency/cause. |
| 18 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἔστιν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 19 | σώματος | σῶμα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἰσχύος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἰσχύος. |
| 20 | Ὀλυμπικὴν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 νίκην | amod | high | |
| 21 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 εὑρέσθαι | aux | high | Impersonal existential construction with εὑρέσθαι. |
| 22 | εὑρέσθαι | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 δηλοῦν | ccomp | medium | Infinitival content dependent on δηλοῦν; ἔστιν forms an impersonal possibility/existence construction. |
| 23 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 εὑρέσθαι | obj | high | |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐθέλει | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ φησὶν ὡς τὸ ἄγαλμα ἕστηκε τιμῇ τε τῇ ἐς τὸ θεῖον καὶ ὑπὸ εὐσεβείας τῆς Ἠλείων καὶ ἀθληταῖς παρανομοῦσιν εἶναι δέος·
φησὶν introduces an ὡς-clause: ‘he says that the image stands both in honor of the divine and because of the Eleans’ piety, and that there is fear for athletes who transgress’; the final coordination is syntactically compressed, so attachment of εἶναι/δέος is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 δευτέρῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 φησὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 δευτέρῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 δευτέρῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | δευτέρῳ | δεύτερος | ADJ | A----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 φησὶν | obl | medium | Substantivized: ‘with regard to the second [point/statue]’. |
| 6 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἕστηκε | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Perfect with stative meaning ‘stands/is standing’. |
| 11 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/ground. |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 τιμῇ | cc | high | |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 θεῖον | case | high | |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 θεῖον | det | high | |
| 16 | θεῖον | θεῖος | ADJ | A----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | nmod | high | Substantivized: ‘the divine’. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ὑπὸ | cc | medium | Coordinates the second explanatory phrase. |
| 18 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 εὐσεβείας | case | high | |
| 19 | εὐσεβείας | εὐσέβεια | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | obl | medium | Genitive after ὑπό, expressing cause/agency. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 εὐσεβείας | det | high | |
| 21 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A----GPF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 εὐσεβείας | nmod | high | Feminine plural ethnic noun used substantivally: ‘of the Elean women/people’; gender is lexically variable in ethnic usage. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 εἶναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the infinitival clause with the preceding content. |
| 23 | ἀθληταῖς | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 παρανομοῦσιν | obl | high | Dative with παρανομοῦσιν: ‘for athletes who transgress’. |
| 24 | παρανομοῦσιν | παρανομέω | VERB | V-PPA-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 23 ἀθληταῖς | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἀθληταῖς. |
| 25 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 φησὶν | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in a second compressed content construction; exact coordination with ἕστηκε is uncertain. |
| 26 | δέος | δέος | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Nominal subject of εἶναι: ‘there is fear’. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φησὶν | punct | high |