Grammar parses for passage 5.21.4
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ἀγαλμάτων τούτων παρέντι τρίτον τε ἐξ αὐτῶν καὶ τέταρτον, γεγραμμένα ἐλεγεῖά ἐστιν ἐπὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις.
Syntax is somewhat compressed: παρέντι likely introduces a genitive partitive phrase, while γεγραμμένα ἐλεγεῖά ἐστιν forms the main clause with ἐπὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις as an oblique modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | Article modifying ἀγαλμάτων. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀγαλμάτων | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 παρέντι | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive dependent of παρέντι. |
| 4 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ἀγαλμάτων | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἀγαλμάτων. |
| 5 | παρέντι | πάρειμι | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐστιν | advcl | medium | Likely substantival/participle phrase functioning adverbially; dative singular form. |
| 6 | τρίτον | τρίτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστιν | obj | medium | Predicative/objective accusative with implied ἐστιν; syntactic role uncertain. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 τρίτον | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 8 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 9 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτῶν. |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 τρίτον | nmod | high | Dependent of τρίτον in partitive phrase. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 τέταρτον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | τέταρτον | τέταρτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 τρίτον | conj | high | Coordinated with τρίτον. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 15 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Participle agreeing with ἐλεγεῖά. |
| 14 | ἐλεγεῖά | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 18 ἄλλοις | case | high | Preposition governing τοῖς ἄλλοις. |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 ἄλλοις | det | high | Article modifying ἄλλοις. |
| 18 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ἐπί. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἐθέλει δὲ τὸ μὲν πρῶτον τῶν ἐλεγείων δηλοῦν ὡς οὐ χρήμασιν ἀλλὰ ὠκύτητι τῶν ποδῶν καὶ ὑπὸ ἰσχύος σώματος Ὀλυμπικὴν ἔστιν εὑρέσθαι νίκην,
The clause with ὡς is semantically dependent on δηλοῦν, while εὑρέσθαι νίκην is treated as the complement of ἔστιν within an elliptical infinitival construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐθέλει | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἐθέλει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πρῶτον | det | high | Article with πρῶτον. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 πρῶτον | discourse | high | Correlative marker. |
| 5 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADJ | a-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐθέλει | obj | medium | Likely accusative neuter substantive 'at first' / 'firstly'. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἐλεγείων | det | high | Article with ἐλεγείων. |
| 7 | ἐλεγείων | ἐλεγεῖον | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πρῶτον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πρῶτον. |
| 8 | δηλοῦν | δηλόω | VERB | v-pna--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἐθέλει | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of ἐθέλει. |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | c------- | _ | 8 δηλοῦν | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 11 χρήμασιν | advmod | high | Negation of χρήμασιν. |
| 11 | χρήμασιν | χρῆμα | NOUN | n-p---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 εὑρέσθαι | obl | medium | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 12 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 11 χρήμασιν | cc | high | Correlative adversative. |
| 13 | ὠκύτητι | ὠκύτης | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 εὑρέσθαι | obl | high | Parallel dative of means. |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ποδῶν | det | high | Article with ποδῶν. |
| 15 | ποδῶν | πούς | NOUN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ὠκύτητι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὠκύτητι. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | g-------- | _ | 17 ὑπὸ | cc | high | Connects coordinated oblique phrases. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἰσχύος | case | high | Preposition taking genitive. |
| 18 | ἰσχύος | ἰσχύς | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 εὑρέσθαι | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 19 | σώματος | σῶμα | NOUN | n-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἰσχύος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἰσχύος. |
| 20 | Ὀλυμπικὴν | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | a-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 νίκην | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of νίκην. |
| 21 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | AUX | v-pi3s-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 22 εὑρέσθαι | aux | medium | Copular auxiliary with infinitive construction; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 22 | εὑρέσθαι | εὑρίσκω | VERB | v-aun--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 8 δηλοῦν | ccomp | high | Infinitival clause dependent on δηλοῦν. |
| 23 | νίκην | νίκη | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 εὑρέσθαι | obj | high | Object of εὑρέσθαι. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐθέλει | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τὸ δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ δευτέρῳ φησὶν ὡς τὸ ἄγαλμα ἕστηκε τιμῇ τε τῇ ἐς τὸ θεῖον καὶ ὑπὸ εὐσεβείας τῆς Ἠλείων καὶ ἀθληταῖς παρανομοῦσιν εἶναι δέος·
Indirect statement after φησίν is elliptical and somewhat compressed; the final δέος εἶναι phrase is syntactically difficult, but treated as an infinitival predication within the ὡς-clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 φησὶν | nsubj | high | Article functioning substantivally with omitted noun / discourse topic. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 6 φησὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | Case=Dat | 6 φησὶν | obl | medium | Likely adverbial phrase depending on φησίν; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 δευτέρῳ | det | high | Article with dative substantivized adjective. |
| 5 | δευτέρῳ | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπὶ | obl | high | With ἐπί, probably 'at the second [place/temple/etc.]'. |
| 6 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | V-3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 φησὶν | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article with ἄγαλμα. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕστηκε. |
| 10 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V-3SRIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 φησὶν | ccomp | high | Perfect with present sense 'stands'. |
| 11 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | obl | high | Dative of cause/manner/means. |
| 12 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 11 τιμῇ | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 13 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 θεῖον | det | high | Article with θεῖον. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | Case=Acc | 16 θεῖον | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ θεῖον. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-S---AN- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 θεῖον | det | high | Article with θεῖον. |
| 16 | θεῖον | θεῖος | ADJ | A-S---AN- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 τιμῇ | nmod | medium | Likely governed by ἐς as part of an oblique phrase modifying τιμῇ. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 ὑπὸ | cc | high | Links coordinate oblique phrases. |
| 18 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | Case=Gen | 11 τιμῇ | obl | high | Preposition with genitive. |
| 19 | εὐσεβείας | εὐσέβεια | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ὑπὸ | obj | high | Object of ὑπό. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Ἠλείων | det | high | Article with Ἠλείων. |
| 21 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 εὐσεβείας | nmod | medium | Used substantively: 'of the Eleans'. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 ἀθληταῖς | cc | high | Coordinates with previous oblique phrase. |
| 23 | ἀθληταῖς | ἀθλητής | NOUN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 εἶναι | obl | medium | Dative phrase modifying infinitival predication; exact relation to εἶναι somewhat uncertain. |
| 24 | παρανομοῦσιν | παρανομέω | VERB | V-PAPPMD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 23 ἀθληταῖς | acl | high | Participle modifying ἀθληταῖς. |
| 25 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 26 δέος | cop | medium | Infinitival complement of δέος; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 26 | δέος | δέος | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative/inferential noun with εἶναι, dependent on reported clause. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 φησὶν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
πέμπτῳ δὲ καὶ ἕκτῳ, τῷ μέν ἐστιν ἡ τοῦ ἐπιγράμματος γνώμη τά τε ἄλλα ἐς ἔπαινον Ἠλείων καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα ἐπὶ τῇ ζημίᾳ τῶν πυκτῶν, ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ὑπολοίπῳ διδασκαλίαν πᾶσιν Ἕλλησιν εἶναι τὰ ἀγάλματα μηδένα ἐπὶ Ὀλυμπικῇ νίκῃ διδόναι χρήματα.
The sentence is a correlative/paired construction with two main dative frames (πέμπτῳ δὲ καὶ ἕκτῳ ... ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ὑπολοίπῳ ...); the second half contains nested infinitival content whose exact attachment is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέμπτῳ | πέμπτος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Coordinate with ἕκτῳ; dative of reference/time. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 8 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πέμπτῳ | cc | medium | Links πέμπτῳ and ἕκτῳ. |
| 4 | ἕκτῳ | ἕκτος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 πέμπτῳ | conj | high | Second member of the coordinate numeral phrase. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 γνώμη | det | high | Article with μέν. |
| 7 | μέν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 8 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular predicate for first clause. |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 γνώμη | det | high | Article with γνώμη. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 ἐπιγράμματος | det | high | Article with ἐπιγράμματος. |
| 11 | ἐπιγράμματος | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 γνώμη | nmod | high | Genitive complement of γνώμη. |
| 12 | γνώμη | γνώμη | NOUN | N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 13 | τά | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ἄλλα | det | high | Article with ἄλλα. |
| 14 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 15 ἄλλα | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 15 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστιν | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of implied predicate within the nominal content of γνώμη. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 ἔπαινον | case | high | Preposition governing ἔπαινον. |
| 17 | ἔπαινον | ἔπαινος | NOUN | N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἄλλα | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἄλλα. |
| 18 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 17 ἔπαινον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔπαινον. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 ἥκιστα | cc | high | Links modifiers of ἔπαινον / ζημίᾳ. |
| 20 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PART | _ | 21 ἥκιστα | advmod | high | Negator with superlative adverb. |
| 21 | ἥκιστα | ἥκιστα | ADV | ADV | Degree=Sup | 24 ζημίᾳ | advmod | high | Adverbial modifier of ζημίᾳ. |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 24 ζημίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 23 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 ζημίᾳ | det | high | Article with ζημίᾳ. |
| 24 | ζημίᾳ | ζημία | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἥκιστα | obl | high | Prepositional phrase governed by ἥκιστα/implicit comparison. |
| 25 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 πυκτῶν | det | high | Article with πυκτῶν. |
| 26 | πυκτῶν | πυκτής | NOUN | N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ζημίᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ζημίᾳ. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 διδασκαλίαν | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 29 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 32 διδασκαλίαν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 30 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 31 ὑπολοίπῳ | det | high | Article with ὑπολοίπῳ. |
| 31 | ὑπολοίπῳ | ὑπόλοιπος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 διδασκαλίαν | obl | high | Dative substantive with ἐπὶ. |
| 32 | διδασκαλίαν | διδασκαλία | NOUN | N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | conj | medium | Second coordinated predicate/complement in the sentence. |
| 33 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 Ἕλλησιν | amod | high | Attributive modifier of Ἕλλησιν. |
| 34 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 εἶναι | iobj | medium | Dative of indirect object with infinitive εἶναι / understood recipient. |
| 35 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 διδασκαλίαν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of διδασκαλίαν. |
| 36 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | V- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 37 ἀγάλματα | det | high | Article with ἀγάλματα. |
| 37 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 35 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive εἶναι. |
| 38 | μηδένα | μηδείς | PRON | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 διδόναι | obj | high | Object of διδόναι. |
| 39 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 41 νίκῃ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 40 | Ὀλυμπικῇ | Ὀλυμπικός | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 νίκῃ | amod | high | Attributive modifier of νίκῃ. |
| 41 | νίκῃ | νίκη | NOUN | N- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 διδόναι | obl | high | Prepositional complement of διδόναι. |
| 42 | διδόναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 35 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Second infinitival complement within the sentential content. |
| 43 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 42 διδόναι | obj | high | Object of διδόναι. |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |