Grammar parses for passage 5.21.5
Open translation for this passage
Εὐπώλου δὲ ὕστερόν φασιν Ἀθηναῖον Κάλλιππον ἀθλήσαντα πένταθλον ἐξωνήσασθαι τοὺς ἀνταγωνιουμένους χρήμασι, δευτέραν δὲ ἐπὶ ταῖς δέκα τε καὶ ἑκατὸν Ὀλυμπιάδα εἶναι ταύτην.
Indirect statement after φασιν: Κάλλιππον is the accusative subject of ἐξωνήσασθαι and εἶναι; ἀθλήσαντα is a circumstantial participle modifying Κάλλιππον. The final ταύτην refers anaphorically to the Olympics just mentioned; δευτέραν agrees with it, with εἶναι understood/copular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Εὐπώλου | Εὔπωλος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὕστερόν | obl | medium | Genitive of temporal succession: after Euppolus; exact attachment is somewhat elliptical. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὕστερόν | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 φασιν | advmod | high | Adverbial temporal modifier, ‘later/afterward’. |
| 4 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Ἀθηναῖον | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Κάλλιππον | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally/appositionally with Κάλλιππον. |
| 6 | Κάλλιππον | Κάλλιππος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐξωνήσασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἐξωνήσασθαι. |
| 7 | ἀθλήσαντα | ἀθλέω | VERB | V-2AAP-AMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 Κάλλιππον | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, agreeing with Κάλλιππον. |
| 8 | πένταθλον | πένταθλον | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀθλήσαντα | obj | high | Object of ἀθλήσαντα; neuter accusative. |
| 9 | ἐξωνήσασθαι | ἐξωνέομαι | VERB | V-2AMN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 4 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φασιν. |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P---AM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀνταγωνιουμένους | det | high | |
| 11 | ἀνταγωνιουμένους | ἀνταγωνίζομαι | VERB | V-PMPM-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἐξωνήσασθαι | obj | high | Substantival participle, object of ἐξωνήσασθαι: the competitors. |
| 12 | χρήμασι | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-P---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐξωνήσασθαι | obl | high | Dative of means: with money. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐξωνήσασθαι | punct | high | |
| 14 | δευτέραν | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Ὀλυμπιάδα | amod | high | Predicate adjective with understood/copular εἶναι, agreeing with Ὀλυμπιάδα/ταύτην. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 εἶναι | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 Ὀλυμπιάδα | case | high | With dative ταῖς ... Ὀλυμπιάδα, marking the numbering phrase. |
| 17 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | P---FD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 δέκα | det | high | |
| 18 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 21 ἑκατὸν | nummod | high | Part of the coordinated numeral phrase. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 18 δέκα | cc | high | |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἑκατὸν | cc | high | |
| 21 | ἑκατὸν | ἑκατόν | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 22 Ὀλυμπιάδα | nummod | high | Coordinates with δέκα to form ἑκατὸν καὶ δέκα. |
| 22 | Ὀλυμπιάδα | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 εἶναι | obj | high | Accusative predicate/complement of εἶναι in the indirect statement. |
| 23 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 φασιν | conj | high | Second infinitive in the report, coordinated with ἐξωνήσασθαι; its accusative subject is ταύτην. |
| 24 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | PD-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 23 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι, referring to the Olympics under discussion. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φασιν | punct | high |
ἐπιβληθείσης δὲ τῷ Καλλίππῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀνταγωνισαμένοις ζημίας ὑπὸ Ἠλείων, ἀποστέλλουσιν Ὑπερείδην Ἀθηναῖοι πείσοντα Ἠλείους ἀφεῖναί σφισι τὴν ζημίαν·
The opening genitive absolute states that a fine had been imposed on Callippus and his fellow competitors; the main clause then has the Athenians send Hyperides to persuade the Eleans to remit the fine.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπιβληθείσης | ἐπιβάλλω | VERB | V--APPFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 12 ἀποστέλλουσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with δὲ; ζημίας is understood as the subject of the participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐπιβληθείσης | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Καλλίππῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | Καλλίππῳ | Καλλίππος | PROPN | N--DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπιβληθείσης | iobj | high | Dative recipient/person fined. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀνταγωνισαμένοις | cc | high | |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀνταγωνισαμένοις | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀνταγωνισαμένοις | ἀνταγωνίζομαι | VERB | V--AMPDM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 ἐπιβληθείσης | iobj | high | Substantivized dative participle coordinated with Καλλίππῳ. |
| 8 | ζημίας | ζημία | NOUN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐπιβληθείσης | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute; ζημίαν later is the object of ἀφεῖναί. |
| 9 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 10 Ἠλείων | case | high | |
| 10 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐπιβληθείσης | obl:agent | high | Agent with passive ἐπιβληθείσης. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀποστέλλουσιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἀποστέλλουσιν | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; subject Ἀθηναῖοι follows. |
| 13 | Ὑπερείδην | Ὑπερείδης | PROPN | N--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀποστέλλουσιν | obj | high | Person sent. |
| 14 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀποστέλλουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | πείσοντα | πείθω | VERB | V--FAPMS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 13 Ὑπερείδην | xcomp | high | Accusative supplementary/purpose participle agreeing with Ὑπερείδην. |
| 16 | Ἠλείους | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 πείσοντα | obj | high | Object of πείσοντα. |
| 17 | ἀφεῖναί | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-2AAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 πείσοντα | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to πείθω, with Ἠλείους as understood subject. |
| 18 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-D3P- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 17 ἀφεῖναί | iobj | high | Dative beneficiary/recipient: remit it to them. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DA--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ζημίαν | det | high | |
| 20 | ζημίαν | ζημία | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀφεῖναί | obj | high | Object of ἀφεῖναί. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀποστέλλουσιν | punct | high |
ἀπειπόντων δὲ Ἠλείων τὴν χάριν, ἐχρῶντο ὑπεροψίᾳ τοιᾷδε ἐς αὐτοὺς οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι, οὔτε ἀποδιδόντες τὰ χρήματα καὶ Ὀλυμπίων εἰργόμενοι, πρὶν ἤ σφισιν ὁ θεὸς ὁ ἐν Δελφοῖς οὐ πρότερον ἔφησεν ὑπὲρ οὐδενὸς χρήσειν πρὶν ἢ τὴν ζημίαν ἀποδοῖεν Ἠλείοις.
Main clause ἐχρῶντο has a genitive absolute, a coordinated pair of nominative participles, and a πρίν temporal clause containing reported infinitival speech and a second πρίν clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπειπόντων | ἀπαγορεύω | VERB | V--PAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐχρῶντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Ἠλείων. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 ἐχρῶντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀπειπόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the absolute participle. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 χάριν | det | high | |
| 5 | χάριν | χάρις | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀπειπόντων | obj | high | Object of ἀπειπόντων. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἐχρῶντο | χράομαι | VERB | V--IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ὑπεροψίᾳ | ὑπεροψία | NOUN | N--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Dative of manner/means with χράομαι. |
| 9 | τοιᾷδε | τοιόσδε | DET | A--DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὑπεροψίᾳ | det | high | Demonstrative adjective modifying ὑπεροψίᾳ. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 αὐτοὺς | case | high | |
| 11 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐχρῶντο | obl | high | Prepositional complement indicating the targets of contempt. |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | P--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἀθηναῖοι | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐχρῶντο | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 15 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 16 ἀποδιδόντες | cc | high | Coordinates the participial clauses. |
| 16 | ἀποδιδόντες | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V--PAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἐχρῶντο | advcl | high | Conjoined circumstantial participle, subject Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | P--APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 χρήματα | det | high | |
| 18 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | N--APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἀποδιδόντες | obj | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 21 εἰργόμενοι | cc | high | |
| 20 | Ὀλυμπίων | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | A--GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 εἰργόμενοι | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on εἴργω/εἰργόμενοι, ‘debarred from the Olympic games’. |
| 21 | εἰργόμενοι | εἴργω | VERB | V--PPP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 16 ἀποδιδόντες | conj | high | Second coordinated participle; subject Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high | |
| 23 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 33 ἔφησεν | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause with finite verb ἔφησεν. |
| 24 | ἤ | ἤ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Orthographic variant/part of πρὶν ἤ, ‘before’. |
| 25 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P---DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἔφησεν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/recipient with ἔφησεν. |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 27 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἔφησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 28 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 Δελφοῖς | det | high | Article introducing the attributive relative-like phrase ὁ ἐν Δελφοῖς. |
| 29 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 Δελφοῖς | case | high | |
| 30 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 θεὸς | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying θεός. |
| 31 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | -------- | Polarity=Neg | 33 ἔφησεν | advmod | high | |
| 32 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 33 ἔφησεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘previously/earlier’. |
| 33 | ἔφησεν | φημί | VERB | V--AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 ἐχρῶντο | advcl | high | Finite verb of the πρίν clause. |
| 34 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 35 οὐδενὸς | case | high | |
| 35 | οὐδενὸς | οὐδείς | PRON | P--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 χρήσειν | obl | high | Genitive object of χρήσειν with ὑπέρ. |
| 36 | χρήσειν | χράω | VERB | V--FAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 33 ἔφησεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech governed by ἔφησεν; likely χρῆσθαι/χρήσειν textual form. |
| 37 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 41 ἀποδοῖεν | mark | high | Introduces temporal subordinate clause. |
| 38 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 37 πρὶν | fixed | medium | Orthographic variant/part of πρὶν ἤ, ‘before’. |
| 39 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 ζημίαν | det | high | |
| 40 | ζημίαν | ζημία | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 ἀποδοῖεν | obj | high | |
| 41 | ἀποδοῖεν | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V--OAI-3P- | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 36 χρήσειν | advcl | high | Aorist optative in the πρίν clause, subject understood as Athenians. |
| 42 | Ἠλείοις | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | A--DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 ἀποδοῖεν | iobj | high | Recipient of ἀποδοῖεν. |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐχρῶντο | punct | high |