Grammar parses for passage 5.22.2
Open translation for this passage
παρὰ δὲ τὸ Ἱπποδάμιον καλούμενον λίθου τε βάθρον ἐστὶ κύκλος ἥμισυς καὶ ἀγάλματα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ Ζεὺς καὶ Θέτις τε καὶ Ἡμέρα τὸν Δία ὑπὲρ τῶν τέκνων ἱκετεύουσαι.
The clause is coordinated around the neuter subjects βάθρον and ἀγάλματα with ἐστὶ; κύκλος ἥμισυς describes the base, while the feminine plural participle ἱκετεύουσαι most naturally modifies Θέτις and Ἡμέρα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 4 Ἱπποδάμιον | case | high | Preposition governing the substantivized/nominalized phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐστὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Ἱπποδάμιον | det | high | Article with the place-name adjective used substantivally. |
| 4 | Ἱπποδάμιον | Ἱπποδάμιος | PROPN | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 βάθρον | nmod | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective/name, ‘the Hippodamian [place]’; governed semantically by παρά. |
| 5 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPN-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 Ἱπποδάμιον | acl | high | Attributive present passive participle. |
| 6 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 βάθρον | nmod | high | Material genitive: stone foundation. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 βάθρον | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 8 | βάθρον | βάθρον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶ; coordinated with ἀγάλματα. |
| 9 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential predicate. |
| 10 | κύκλος | κύκλος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 βάθρον | appos | medium | Predicate/appositional description of βάθρον: a semicircle. |
| 11 | ἥμισυς | ἥμισυς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 κύκλος | amod | high | Adjective modifying κύκλος. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἀγάλματα | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject/predicative nominal under ἐστὶ. |
| 14 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 15 αὐτῷ | case | high | Elided preposition. |
| 15 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DNSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀγάλματα | nmod | high | Locative dative complement of ἐπί, referring to the base. |
| 16 | Ζεὺς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀγάλματα | appos | high | First statue name in apposition to ἀγάλματα. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 Θέτις | cc | high | |
| 18 | Θέτις | Θέτις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ζεὺς | conj | high | Second coordinated statue name. |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 Θέτις | cc | high | Correlative coordination marker. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 Ἡμέρα | cc | high | |
| 21 | Ἡμέρα | Ἡμέρα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ζεὺς | conj | high | Third coordinated statue name, personified Day. |
| 22 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Δία | det | high | |
| 23 | Δία | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἱκετεύουσαι | obj | high | Object of ἱκετεύουσαι. |
| 24 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 26 τέκνων | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 25 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 τέκνων | det | high | |
| 26 | τέκνων | τέκνον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 Δία | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ὑπέρ, ‘on behalf of the children’. |
| 27 | ἱκετεύουσαι | ἱκετεύω | VERB | V-PAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἀγάλματα | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying the female statue names Θέτις and Ἡμέρα; Zeus is not included semantically. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 ἐστὶ | punct | high |
ταῦτα ἐπὶ μέσῳ τῷ βάθρῳ·
Elliptical verbless clause, likely meaning “these [are] upon the middle of the pedestal”; ταῦτα is the demonstrative subject and ἐπί governs the dative phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | RD—NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 0 ROOT | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject of the elliptical clause; a copular predicate is understood. |
| 2 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 3 μέσῳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative μέσῳ βάθρῳ. |
| 3 | μέσῳ | μέσος | ADJ | A—DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, with βάθρῳ specifying the middle; governed by ἐπί. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA—DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 βάθρῳ | det | high | |
| 5 | βάθρῳ | βάθρον | NOUN | N—DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 μέσῳ | nmod | high | Genitive-like dependent relation in the noun phrase μέσῳ τῷ βάθρῳ; syntactically specifies μέσῳ. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ἤδη σχῆμα ἀντιτεταγμένων ὅ τε Ἀχιλλεὺς παρέχεται καὶ ὁ Μέμνων ἐπὶ ἑκατέρῳ τοῦ βάθρου τῷ πέρατι ἑκάτερος.
The construction means that each of Achilles and Memnon presents the form of men drawn up opposite, each at the farther end of one side of the base; ὅ τε ... καὶ ... coordinates the two subjects, while ἑκάτερος is a predicative/individualizing adjunct. The exact attachment of ἑκατέρῳ is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | M---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 σχῆμα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 παρέχεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 παρέχεται | advmod | high | |
| 4 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | N-----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 παρέχεται | obj | medium | Accusative object of παρέχεται; οἱ ἀντιτεταγμένων supplies the represented figures/persons. |
| 5 | ἀντιτεταγμένων | ἀντιτάσσω | VERB | VPRP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 4 σχῆμα | nmod | medium | Genitive participle dependent on σχῆμα, likely descriptive/genitival of the opposing figures. |
| 6 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | P----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀχιλλεὺς | cc | medium | Correlative/relative element in ὅ τε ... καί; its neuter form is conventional in the coordination. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 Ἀχιλλεὺς | cc | high | First coordinator of ὅ τε ... καί. |
| 8 | Ἀχιλλεὺς | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V3SPI-M- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Verb coordinated with the implied/explicit second subject Μέμνων. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Μέμνων | cc | high | Coordinates Μέμνων with Ἀχιλλεύς. |
| 11 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | M---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Μέμνων | det | high | |
| 12 | Μέμνων | Μέμνων | PROPN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 παρέχεται | conj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 πέρατι | case | high | With dative, indicating position at/on. |
| 14 | ἑκατέρῳ | ἑκάτερος | DET | A--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 βάθρου | det | medium | Dative modifier of βάθρου; the phrase may be distributive, one for each. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | M---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 βάθρου | det | high | |
| 16 | βάθρου | βάθρον | NOUN | N-----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 πέρατι | nmod | high | Genitive with πέρατι, 'the farther end of the base'. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | N---DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 πέρατι | det | high | |
| 18 | πέρατι | πέρας | NOUN | N-----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 παρέχεται | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπί. |
| 19 | ἑκάτερος | ἑκάτερος | PRON | A--NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Μέμνων | advmod | medium | Predicative/distributive 'each' referring jointly to Achilles and Memnon; attachment to the coordinated subject is syntactically uncertain. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 παρέχεται | punct | high |
ἀνθεστήκασι δὲ καὶ ἄλλος ἄλλῳ κατὰ τὰ αὐτά, ἀνὴρ βάρβαρος ἀνδρὶ Ἕλληνι, Ὀδυσσεὺς μὲν Ἑλένῳ, ὅτι οὗτοι μάλιστα ἐπὶ σοφίᾳ δόξαν ἐν ἑκατέρῳ τῷ στρατεύματι εἰλήφεσαν, Μενελάῳ δὲ κατὰ τὸ ἔχθος τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς Ἀλέξανδρος, Διομήδει δὲ Αἰνείας καὶ τῷ Τελαμῶνος Αἴαντι Δηίφοβος.
The main verb ἀνθεστήκασι governs coordinated reciprocal opponent pairings; the final dative phrases are elliptical complements with omitted ἀνθεστήκασι. In token 39, Ἀλέξανδρος is nominative subject of the final pairing, while τὸ ἔχθος τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς is the accusative object of κατά.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνθεστήκασι | ἀντανίστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | PRON | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | nsubj | medium | Substantivized nominative in reciprocal construction. |
| 5 | ἄλλῳ | ἄλλος | PRON | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | iobj | medium | Dative opponent in reciprocal construction. |
| 6 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 αὐτά | case | high | |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 αὐτά | det | high | |
| 8 | αὐτά | αὐτός | PRON | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | obl | high | Κατὰ τὰ αὐτά means ‘in the same way’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | nsubj | high | Appositional specification of ἄλλος. |
| 11 | βάρβαρος | βάρβαρος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | |
| 12 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | iobj | high | Appositional specification of ἄλλῳ. |
| 13 | Ἕλληνι | Ἕλλην | ADJ | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘Greek’. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | punct | high | |
| 15 | Ὀδυσσεὺς | Ὀδυσσεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | conj | high | First member of the exemplifying coordinated pairings. |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 15 Ὀδυσσεὺς | discourse | high | |
| 17 | Ἑλένῳ | Ἕλενος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ὀδυσσεὺς | iobj | high | Elliptical complement of ἀνθεστήκασι. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 Ὀδυσσεὺς | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 εἰλήφεσαν | mark | high | Introduces causal clause. |
| 20 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 εἰλήφεσαν | nsubj | high | Refers to Odysseus and Helenus. |
| 21 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 24 δόξαν | advmod | high | |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 σοφίᾳ | case | high | |
| 23 | σοφίᾳ | σοφία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 δόξαν | obl | high | Dative of respect. |
| 24 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 εἰλήφεσαν | obj | high | |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 28 στρατεύματι | case | high | |
| 26 | ἑκατέρῳ | ἑκάτερος | DET | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 στρατεύματι | det | high | |
| 27 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 στρατεύματι | det | high | |
| 28 | στρατεύματι | στράτευμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 εἰλήφεσαν | obl | high | |
| 29 | εἰλήφεσαν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-LAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Act | 15 Ὀδυσσεὺς | advcl | high | Causal subordinate predicate under ὅτι. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 Ὀδυσσεὺς | punct | high | |
| 31 | Μενελάῳ | Μενέλαος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | iobj | high | Elliptical opponent phrase. |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 Μενελάῳ | cc | high | |
| 33 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 35 ἔχθος | case | high | |
| 34 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 35 ἔχθος | det | high | |
| 35 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 Μενελάῳ | obl | high | Object of κατά. |
| 36 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 ἀρχῆς | det | high | Article introducing an attributive phrase. |
| 37 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 38 ἀρχῆς | case | high | |
| 38 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἔχθος | nmod | high | With τὸ, forms the attributive phrase ‘from the beginning’. |
| 39 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | conj | high | Nominative subject of the final elliptical pairing. |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 Ἀλέξανδρος | punct | high | |
| 41 | Διομήδει | Διομήδης | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | iobj | high | Elliptical opponent phrase. |
| 42 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 41 Διομήδει | cc | high | |
| 43 | Αἰνείας | Αἰνείας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | conj | high | Nominative subject of elliptical pairing. |
| 44 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 43 Αἰνείας | cc | high | |
| 45 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 Αἴαντι | det | high | |
| 46 | Τελαμῶνος | Τελαμών | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 Αἴαντι | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 47 | Αἴαντι | Αἴας | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | iobj | high | Second dative opponent in coordinated phrase. |
| 48 | Δηίφοβος | Δηίφοβος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 Αἴαντι | conj | high | Nominative subject of elliptical pairing. |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνθεστήκασι | punct | high |